Параппанангади
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Параппанангади
Параппанад | |
|---|---|
Муниципалитет | |
 Железнодорожный вокзал Параппанангади | |
  Parappanangadi Location in Kerala, India | |
| Coordinates: 11°02′59″N 75°51′27″E / 11.04972°N 75.85750°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Malappuram |
| Government | |
| • Body | Parappanangadi Municipality |
| Area | |
| • Total | 22.5 km2 (8.7 sq mi) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Total | 71,239 |
| • Density | 3,200/km2 (8,200/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Malayalam, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 676303 |
| Telephone code | 0494 |
| Vehicle registration | KL-55, KL-65, KL-10 |
| Nearest city | Malappuram |
| Literacy | 100%[citation needed] |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Ponnani |
| Civic agency | Parappanangadi Municipality |
| Climate | normal (Köppen) |
| Website | parappanangadimunicipality |
Параппанангади ( IPA: [Pɐɾldɐpːnkn̐n̐ŋːːɖi] ) - основной город и муниципалитет в Тирурангади Талук из Малаппарского района , Керала, Индия. Это прибрежный город, расположенный недалеко от Аравийского моря
Железнодорожный вокзал Параппанангади является одной из старейших железнодорожных станций в Керале. Это было частью первого железнодорожного маршрута ( Тирур - Чалиям ) в Керале. [ 2 ] Параппанангади расположен в 9 км (5,6 миль) к северу от Танура на Тирур - Кадалунди Типу Султан -роуд. [ 3 ] Город находится на берегу реки Кадалунди . [ 4 ] Расположен парапаранган [ 4 ] Параппанангади был одним из главных портов на юго -западном побережье Индии в течение средневекового периода. [5]
The region was ruled by the kingdom of Parappanad, who were vassals to the Zamorin of Calicut, and had the jurisdiction up to Beypore port to the north.[5] In the early medieval period, under the chiefs of Kozhikode and Parappanangadi, Parappanangadi developed as one of the important maritime trade centre on the Malabar Coast.[5] Later it became a part of Eranad Taluk in Malabar District under British Raj.[5]
Nadukani-Parappanangadi Road connects the coastal area of Malappuram district with the easternmost hilly border at Nadukani Churam bordering Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu, near Nilambur.[6] It passes through major towns such as Tirurangadi, Malappuram, Manjeri, and Nilambur, before reaching the Nadukani Ghat Road.[6] The Koyi Thampurans of Travancore belongs to Parappanad Royal Family. Parappanad royal family is a cousin dynasty of the Travancore royal family.
History
[edit]
This town was the headquarters of Parappanad Kingdom during the medieval period.[7] Parappanangadi, which was then an important centre of trade, was known by the name Barburankad to the Arabs.[8] The kingdom of Parappanad had right over Vallikkunnu-Kadalundi-Chaliyam-Beypore region, which is often identified with the ancient maritime trading port of Tyndis, which was a major center of trade, next only to Muziris, between the Cheras and the Roman Empire, during Sangam period (1st-4th century CE).[9]
Pliny the Elder (1st century CE) states that the port of Tyndis was located at the northwestern border of Keprobotos (Chera dynasty).[10] The North Malabar region, which lies north of the port at Tyndis, was ruled by the kingdom of Ezhimala during Sangam period.[11]
According to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a region known as Limyrike began at Naura and Tyndis. However the Ptolemy mentions only Tyndis as the Limyrike's starting point. The region probably ended at Kanyakumari; it thus roughly corresponds to the present-day Malabar Coast. The value of Rome's annual trade with the region was estimated at around 50,000,000 sesterces.[12] Pliny the Elder mentioned that Limyrike was prone by pirates.[13]
The Cosmas Indicopleustes mentioned that the Limyrike was a source of peppers.[14][15]
According to the Legend of Cheraman Perumals, the first Indian mosque was built in 624 AD at Kodungallur with the mandate of the last the ruler (the Cheraman Perumal) of Chera dynasty, who converted to Islam during the lifetime of Muhammad (c. 570–632).[16][17][18][19] According to Qissat Shakarwati Farmad, the Masjids at Kodungallur, Kollam, Madayi, Barkur, Mangalore, Kasaragod, Kannur, Dharmadam, Panthalayini, and Chaliyam (Chaliyam was a part of Parappanad), were built during the era of Malik Dinar, and they are among the oldest Masjids in Indian Subcontinent.[20]
The palace of the Kshatriya family of Parappanad Rajas is located at a short distance from Parappanangadi railway station. It was from this family that the consorts of the Rani's Travancore family were usually selected.[7]
In 1425, the country was divided into Northern Parappanad (Beypore Swaroopam) and Southern Parappanad (Parappur Swaroopam).[5]
The rulers of Parappanad Swaroopam were vassals to the Zamorins of Calicut.[7] The rulers of Parappanad were one of the Kshatriya claiming lineages of medieval Kerala along with the neighbouring Vettathunad rulers and the Cochin Royal Family.[21]
Parappanangadi was an important coastal town under the Zamorin rule and was one of the major trade centres of the medieval Kerala coast.[22] Arab traders had the monopoly of trade until 15th century CE.[22] In 1573, the Portuguese apparently burned down this town.[8]
The schools built by Basel Evangelistic Mission (BEM) at Parappanangadi and Ponnani during colonial era, have their positions among the oldest modern schools in Kerala.[23] During colonial period, Parappanangadi was placed under the Eranad Taluk of Malabar District.[5] Later in 1957, it became a part of Tirur Taluk, when the Taluk was formed.[7] In 1990's Parappanangadi became a part of the newly formed Tirurangadi Taluk.[24]
Lakshmipuram Palace
[edit]Lakshmipuram Palace is the royal palace of the Parappanad royal families at Changanassery. Palace is located at Puzhavathu near to Kavil Bhagavathy Temple.[25] The Lakshmipuram Palace was built in 1811 AD by Travancore ruler Maharani Ayilyom Thirunal Gouri Lakshmi Bayi (1791–1815) on behalf of the family of her husband Raja Raja Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran.[26] Until then, the royal family at the Neerazhi Palace in Changanacherry had been moved to newly built Lakshmipuram Palace.[27]
One of the royal families from Parappanad settled in Neerazhi Palace in the 18th century.[28]
Raja Raja Varma Koil Thampuran, father of Travancore Maharaja Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma, was born in Neerazhi Palace in Changanassery. He was part of the royal family of erstwhile Parappanad (Parappangadi and Beypore), Malabar.[29] Maharani Ayilyom Thirunal Gouri Lakshmi Bayi built a new palace in Changanassery for her husband and his family members during her reign in 1811, which was called Lakshmipuram Palace. Until then, the royal family lived in Neerazhi Palace at Puzhavathu.[30][31]
Kilimanoor palace
[edit]In 1705 (ME 880), the son and two daughters of Ittammar Raja of Parappanad royal house were adopted into the Royal house of Venad. Ittammar Raja's sister and her sons, Rama Varma and Raghava Varma, settled in Kilimanoor and married the now adopted sisters. Marthanda Varma, the founder of the Kingdom of Travancore, was the son of Raghava Varma. The nephew of Raghava Varma, Ravi Varma Koil Thampuran, married the sister of Marthanda Varma. Their son was Dharma Raja Kartika Thirunnal Rama Varma.
In 1740, when an allied force, led by Dutchman Captain Hockert supporting the Deshinganadu King, attacked Venad, an army from Kilimanoor resisted and then defeated them. Although a small victory, this was the first time an Indian army had defeated a European power.
In 1753, in recognition of this feat, Marthanda Varma exempted the areas controlled by the Kilimanoor palace (most of the area under the present Kilimanoor and Pazhayakunnummel panchayats) from taxes, and granted them autonomous status.
Civic administration
[edit]The town is administered by Parappanangadi Municipal Council, headed by a Chairman/Chairperson. For administrative purposes, the town is divided into 45 wards,[32] from which the members of the municipal council are elected for a term of five years.
Parappanangadi Municipality Election 2020
[edit]| S.No. | Party Name | Party symbol | Number of Councillors |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | UDF |  |
27 |
| 02 | Independents |  |
09 |
| 03 | LDF |  |
06 |
| 04 | BJP |  |
03 |
Municipal Council (2020-2025)
[edit]| Chairman | A Usman |
| Vice Chairperson | Shaharbanu K |
| Standing Committee Chairman/Chairpersons | |
| Finance Standing Committee Chairperson | Shaharbanu K |
| Development Standing Committee Chairman | P.V Musthafa |
| Welfare Standing Committee Chairperson | KP Muhsina |
| Health Standing Committee Chairman | P.P Shahul Hameed |
| Public works Standing Committee Chairperson | Zeenath Alibappu A |
| Education, Art, Sports Standing Committee Chairman | C Nizar Ahammed |
| Councilors | |
| KC NASAR | |
| M. C. NASEEMA | |
| K.K SAITHALAVIKOYA THANGAL | |
| SUMIRANI O | |
| KP RAMLA TEACHER | |
| SUHARA VK | |
| SUBRAHMANIAN | |
| JAYADEVAN CHERUKUTTIYIL | |
| RAMLATH KODALIKKODAN | |
| KP MEREENA TEACHER | |
| GIREESH CHALERI | |
| FATHIMA RAHEEM | |
| KHADEEJATHUL MARIYA | |
| SAMEER M | |
| SHAHINA SAMEER | |
| NM SHAMEJ | |
| KHAIRUNNISA THAHIR | |
| AV HASSAN KOYA | |
| ABDUL AZEEZ KOOLATH | |
| KASMIKOYA CV | |
| JAFARALI NECHIKKATT | |
| HAREERA HASSAN KOYA | |
| DEEPA | |
| ABDUL RAZAK TR | |
| MOHANDAS MASTER | |
| JAINISHA MANNARAKKAL | |
| UMMUKULSU | |
| KUNNUMMAL JUBAIRIYATH | |
| KARTHIKEYAN T | |
| BABY ACHUTHAN | |
| FOUSIYABI | |
| ABDUL RAZAK T | |
| FOUSIYA SIRAJ | |
| MANJUSHA PRALOSH | |
| SAITHALAVI AJYARAKATH | |
| B.P SAHIDA | |
| NASEEMA P.O | |
| FOUSIYA MUHAMMED | |
Law and Order
[edit]The municipality comes under the jurisdiction of the Parappanangadi police station, which was formed on 22 June 1979.[35] The station is located on Neduva area of Parappanangadi Municipality. The station has the jurisdiction over the municipality of Parappanangadi and the Gram panchayat of Vallikkunnu. (The 4 Revenue villages are Parappanangadi, Vallikkunnu, Neduva, and Ariyallur.)[35]
The jurisdictional courts of Parappanangadi Police Station are Judicial First Class Magistrate Court Parappanangadi, Parappanangadi Munsiff Court, Subdivisional Magistrate Court Tirur, and Sessions Court Manjeri.[35]
The border police stations are headquartered at Tenhipalam, Tanur, and Tirurangadi.[35] Parappanangadi Police Station comes under the Tanur subdivision of Malappuram District Police, which is also one among six subdivisions of district police.[36]
Important Courts at Parappanangadi
[edit]- Judicial First Class Magistrate Court - I, Parappanangadi
- Judicial First Class Magistrate Court - II, Parappanangadi
- Parappanangadi Munsiff Court[35]
Geography
[edit]Parappanangadi Municipality is bounded by Arabian Sea to west, Kadalundi River to east, Vallikkunnu Grama panchayat to north, and Tanur Municipality to south.[24]
Transportation
[edit]
The nearest airport is at Karipur. Parappanangadi has railway station in the Town.[3] The nearest major railway station is at Tirur.[3]
Nadukani-Parappanangadi Road connects the coastal area of Malappuram district with the easternmost hilly border at Nadukani Churam bordering Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu, near Nilambur, passing through major towns such as Tirurangadi, Malappuram, Manjeri, and Nilambur.[6]
Parappanangadi-Manjeri Road and Chettippadi-Chamravattam Road are two important Roads starting/ending at Parappanangadi.[35] Tirur-Kadalundi Tipu Sultan road passes through the town.[3]
Wards of Parappanangadi
[edit]
Parappanangadi Municipality is composed of the following 45 wards:[37]
| Ward no. | Name | Ward no. | Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vadakke Kadappuram | 2 | Laksham Veedu |
| 3 | Health Centre | 4 | Chettipadi East |
| 5 | Anappadi | 6 | Moduvingal |
| 7 | Keezhchira | 8 | Kovilakam |
| 9 | Ullanam Town | 10 | Ullanam North |
| 11 | Edathiruthikkadavu | 12 | Thayyilappadi |
| 13 | Panayathil | 14 | Putharikkal |
| 15 | Stadium | 16 | Attakuzhingara |
| 17 | Karinkavu | 18 | Karingallathani |
| 19 | Palathingal | 20 | Keezhanalloor |
| 21 | Kottanthala | 22 | Naseeb Nagar |
| 23 | Chiramangalam South | 24 | Chiramangalam |
| 25 | Uppunipuram | 26 | Aviyil Beach |
| 27 | Kurikkal Road | 28 | Puthen Kadappuram |
| 29 | Saddam Beach | 30 | Puthen Kadappuram South |
| 31 | NCC Road | 32 | Parappanangadi South |
| 33 | Parappanangadi Town | 34 | Puthen Kadappuram |
| 35 | Ottummal South | 36 | Chappappadi |
| 37 | Anjappura | 38 | Neduva |
| 39 | Kodappalli | 40 | Angadi |
| 41 | Yarathingal | 42 | Chengattupadam |
| 43 | Chettipadi | 44 | Alungal South |
| 45 | Alungal North |
Notable individuals from Parappanangadi
[edit]- P. K Abdul Rabb ( Former Education Minister of Kerala) [38]
- Kerala Varma Valiya Koyi Thampuran (Kerala Kalidasan)
- Raja Raja Varma (Kerala Panini)
- Raja Ravi Varma (Famous Painter are from different branches of Parappanad Raja Vamsam (Clan) which migrated to Harippad, Changanassery, Mavelikkara and Kilimanoor.)[39]
- Мартанда Варма , основатель Travancore , принадлежит к Параппанада королевской семье . Бывший главный редактор Daily " The Hindu " (с 1898 по 1905 год) и главный редактор «Индийский патриот» «Индийский патриот» Бахадур Козхиссери Карунакара Менон (1863–1922) также был из Параппанангади. [ 40 ]
- О. Чанду Менон написал свои романы «Indulekha» и «Сарадха», когда он был судьей в суде Параппанангади Мансифф. Indulekha также является первым крупным романом, написанным на малаяламском языке.
- в исламском образовании в Керале 1906–1964) (Исламский ученый двадцатого века, реформатор MCC Абдул Рахман Мулави ( [ 41 ] И арабский колледж Madeenathul Ulom [ 42 ]
- Чалилакат Кунахмед Хаджи , известный исламский ученый и реформист.
Ссылки
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- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый «Эти дети снова и снова ...» Матрюбхуми . 17 июня 2019 года . Обработан 19 декабря 2020 года .
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- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в Специальный корреспондент (12 февраля 2020 года). "Стандарт дороги Nambani-Parappady, стоящий за тарелкой; ширина и заработать позже . Манорама онлайн.
{{cite news}}:|last=имеет общее имя ( справка ) - ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый Devassy, Mk (1965). Справочник по переписи окружного переписи (2) - Кожикоде (1961) (PDF) . Эрнакулам: правительство Кералы.
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- ^ Ури М. Купфершмидт (1987). Верховный мусульманский совет: Ислам под британским мандатом для Палестины . Брилль С. 458–459. ISBN 978-90-04-07929-8 Полем Получено 25 июля 2012 года .
- ^ Хусейн Ранаттани (2007). Мусульмане Маппила: исследование об обществе и анти -колониальной борьбе . Другие книги. с. 179 -. ISBN 978-81-903887-8-8 Полем Получено 25 июля 2012 года .
- ^ Пранг, Себастьян Р. Муссон Ислам: торговля и вера на средневековом малабарском побережье. Издательство Кембриджского университета, 2018, с. 98
- ^ Унни, К. Раман (31 мая 1961 года). «Каста в Южном Малабаре изучение социальной стратификации в Южном Малабаре» . Махараджа Саяджирао Университет Бароды : 108 - Виа Шодхганга.
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный К.В. Кришна Айер Заморин из Каликута: с самых ранних времен до 1806 года . Каликут: нормандское печатное бюро, 1938
- ^ Лилакришнан, Аламкоде (17 июня 2019 г.). «Малаппурам в полноте пятидесяти; человеческая естественная семья Малаппурама» . Mathrubhumi .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Управление операций переписи, Керала. Руководство по переписи района, Малаппурам (PDF) . Тируванантапурам: Управление операций по переписи, Керала.
- ^ P. Shungoonny Menon - История Travancore - Первое издание: 1878, New Edition: 1983, стр. 130, 131 - ISBN 978-8170200406
- ^ Руководство по государству Траванкора Том 1 по 4; Издатель: Совет по историческим исследованиям штата Керала; ISBN 8185499268 ; Издание: 1996; Страницы: 2500; Автор: TK Velu Pillai; Редактор: S.Raimon; Категория: руководства; Год публикации: 1940
- ^ Энциклопедия туристических ресурсов в Индии; Автор: доктор Манохар Саджнани, опубликованный в 2001 году, опубликован: Kalpaz Publications; Адрес: C-30, Sattywati Nagar, Phase-III, Ashok Vihar, Delhi-110052, ISBN 81-7835-014-9 (SET), ISBN 81-7835-018-1 (том II)
- ^ Менон, П Шунгунни (1878). История Траванкора с самых ранних времен П. Шунгунни Менон (Деван Пишкар из Траванкора). 105, Маунт -роуд, Мадрас: Хиггинботам и Компания. С. 152, 153.
- ^ Visakham Thirunal - Lennnox Raphael Eyvindr - ISBN 9786139120642
- ^ История Траванкора с самых ранних времен - П. Шунгунни Менон - ISBN 8120601696 - Опубликовано: Азиатские образовательные услуги
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- ^ «Выборы LSGI -2020 - избранные члены совета» . lsgkerala.gov.in .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый и фон "Parappanangadi PS" . Керала полиция . Получено 25 марта 2021 года .
- ^ «Подразделение Танур» . Keralapolice.gov.in . Получено 24 марта 2021 года .
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- ^ "Madeenathul Uloom Arabic College" . www.muacollege.ac.in .
Статьи, связанные с параппанангади |
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