Удушающий доберман

Удушающий доберман — городская легенда , зародившаяся в США . ^{[ 1 ]}^{[ 2 ]} В этой истории рассказывается о домашнем животном-защитнике, которого хозяин обнаружил, что он давится человеческими пальцами, застрявшими у него в горле. По мере развития истории владелец собаки обнаруживает злоумышленника, у которого рука кровоточит от укуса собаки. ^{[ 3 ]}

Ян Гарольд Брунванд , фольклорист и почетный профессор английского языка Университета Юты , ^{[ 4 ]} написал об этой и других городских легендах в своей книге « Удушающий доберман и другие «новые» городские легенды». ^{[ 2 ]}^{[ 5 ]} опубликовано в 1984 году издательством WW Norton & Company. ^{[ 2 ]} Он предоставил читателю несколько различных версий этой истории. Хотя основные элементы истории остаются одинаковыми в каждой версии, детали, такие как количество найденных пальцев, порода собаки и состояние злоумышленника при обнаружении, немного меняются. ^{[ 3 ]}

Легенда

Женщина выходит на вечер с друзьями. По возвращении ее встречает ее питомец доберман задыхающийся в коридоре . Встревоженная, она отвозит животное к ветеринару. Ветеринар объявляет, что ему необходимо провести трахеотомию животному , и он позвонит ей, когда у него появятся новости. Когда женщина приходит домой, звонит ветеринар и просит ее немедленно покинуть дом. Собака подавилась тремя человеческими пальцами. Женщина вызывает полицию , которая обыскивает дом. Они обнаруживают, что грабитель, спрятавшийся в чулане , потерял сознание от потери крови, вызванной откусыванием трех пальцев.

Precursors

In his book Brunvard cites a fable about Llewellyn the Great and his loyal dog Gelert as the oldest possible influence on the story.^[1] In the original legend, Llewellyn leaves his young son at home with Gelert while on a hunting expedition. Upon Llewellyn's return, the dog greets him with a bloody face; thinking the animal has eaten his child, Llewellyn immediately draws his sword and kills Gelert. However, Llewellyn's son is soon found alive near the dead body of a wolf, revealing Gelert had actually saved the child from harm.^[6]

In her 1992 paper The Ambiguous Guardians, Adrienne Mayor cites the fifth century AD narrative The Omen of the Wolf as an earlier echo of both the Gelert fable and the urban legend as it is today. In this myth, the emperor Honorius's retinue was attacked by a pair of wolves. When the beasts were killed they were found to have a pair of human hands in their bellies. Their aggressive behavior—coupled with the awful last meal—were taken as a sinister sign and rumors lit a panic in Rome. The emperor's official propagandist, Claudian, attempted to counter the popular understanding of the sign with his poem The Gothic War.^[7]

First appearance in United States

The first verifiable appearance of the legend is in the Phoenix New Times on June 24, 1981, pictured to the right.

From the article, in part^[1]^[8]:

Gagging Dog Story Baffles Police
It happened in Las Vegas. A woman returned from work and found her large dog, a Doberman, lying on the floor gasping for air. Concerned over the animal's welfare, she immediately loaded the pet into her car and drove him to a veterinarian.
...
According to the story, police arrived at her house and found an unconscious intruder, sans fingers, lying in a closet. New Times learned of the story from an employee of a large industrial plant in the Valley. He said he had gotten the story third hand from another employee who in turn had said he heard from a woman whose relatives in Las Vegas knew the dog's owner. As of Friday New Times was not able to nail down the identity of the Doberman's mistress.
According to a spokesman at the Las Vegas Sun, that paper, too, was very interested in breaking the story. Unfortunately, even though the story was all over Vegas last Thursday, the paper—and police—weren't able to dig up one shred of evidence to prove the incident ever occurred. "The police are baffled," the Sun spokesman said.

Variations

The number of fingers dredged from the dog's throat varies, as does their color. Though in many tellings the race of the intruder goes unspecified, at times the discovered digits are described as "black" or "Mexican", adding a racist spin to the tale.^[9]
In the 1980s, a Doberman was the usual star in this story; in the 1990s, the dog became a pit bull when that breed gained media prominence as the decade's fierce dog of choice. Other breeds of pooch have been known to report for duty in this tale, as well—almost always large, scary-looking dogs, with the exception of a poodle in the Canadian TV series, Freaky Stories.^[9]
The thief is usually discovered hiding in a closet, the bedroom, or in the basement, but in some tellings he gets away from the house and is only brought to justice when his injuries force him to visit an emergency room. His missing fingers identify him as the culprit police are looking for.^[9]
With very few exceptions, the troubled dog owner is female. Moreover, the setting of the tale makes it very clear she lives alone.^[9]
Most of the time, the dog's presence in the woman's life passes uncommented upon; nothing of the dog's history or her reasons for keeping him are mentioned. Occasionally though, we're told the dog was given by her father when she went off to college in a distant city, or that in the wake of her divorce her lawyer recommended her getting a big dog for protection.^[9]

Appearances and tie-ins outside the story

Ronald B. Tobias cites the story as an example of oral tradition that through repeated retelling has become plot perfect.^[10]

This story appears in the 1991 Judith Gorog novel On Meeting Witches at Wells.^{[citation needed]}

The story also appears in Season 1, episode 1 of Mostly True Stories?: Urban Legends Revealed from 21:00 to 28:55^{[citation needed]}^{: move to refs}

Books

Encyclopedia of Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand (ABC–CLIO, Inc. 2001) (ISBN 978-1-576-07532-6) (pp. 3-18)
The Choking Doberman and Other "New" Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand (W.W. Norton & Company, 1984) (ISBN 978-0-393-30321-6) (pp. 3-18)
The Mexican Pet by Jan Harold Brunvand (W.W. Norton & Company, 1986) (ISBN 0-393-30542-2) (pp. 41-47)
Too Good To Be True by Jan Harold Brunvand (W.W. Norton & Company, 1999) (ISBN 0-393-04734-2) (pp. 51-52)
Tales, Rumors and Gossip by Gail de Vos (Libraries Unlimited, 1996) (ISBN 1-56308-190-3) (pp. 208-213)
The Book of Nasty Legends by Paul Smith (Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1983) (ISBN 0-00-636856-5) (p. 98)
On Meeting Witches at Wells by Judith Gorog (Philomel, October 11, 1991) (ISBN 978-0399218033)

References

^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Jan Harold Brunvand (17 December 2003). The Choking Doberman: And Other Urban Legends. W. W. Norton. pp. 15–. ISBN 978-0-393-34654-1.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c O'Conner, Patricia T. (14 December 1986). "New & Noteworthy". The New York Times. No. Late City – Final Edition. p. 38; Section 7; column 1.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Nicolini, Mary B. (December 1989). "Is There a FOAF in Your Future? Urban Folk Legends in Room 112". The English Journal. 78 (8). National Council of Teachers of English: 81–84. doi:10.2307/819495. JSTOR 819495.
^ Helmer, Dona J. (Winter 2001). "Encyclopedia of Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand". Reference and User Services Quarterly. 41 (2). American Library Association: 191, 193. JSTOR 41241093.
^ Bethke, Robert D. (April 1985). "The Choking Doberman and Other "New" Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand". Western States Folklore. 44 (2). Western States Folklore Society: 147–149. doi:10.2307/1499565. JSTOR 1499565.
^ Ashliman, D.L. "Llewellyn and His Dog Gellert and other folktales of Aarne-Thompson-Uther type 178A". Llewellyn and His Dog Gellert and other folktales of Aarne-Thompson-Uther type 178A. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
^ Mayor, Adrienne (December 1992). "Ambiguous Guardians: The "Omen of the Wolves" (A.D. 402) and the "Choking Doberman" (1980s)". Journal of Folklore Research. 29 (3): 253–268.^{[dead link]}
^ "Gagging Dog Baffles Police". Phoenix New Times. June 25, 1981.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Mikkelson, David (16 December 2000). "The Choking Doberman". Snopes.com. Snopes. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
^ Ronald B Tobias (15 December 2011). 20 Master Plots: And How to Build Them. Writer's Digest Books. pp. 2–. ISBN 978-1-59963-539-2.

[Brunvand-1] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Jan Harold Brunvand (17 December 2003). The Choking Doberman: And Other Urban Legends. W. W. Norton. pp. 15–. ISBN 978-0-393-34654-1.

[O'Conner-2] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c O'Conner, Patricia T. (14 December 1986). "New & Noteworthy". The New York Times. No. Late City – Final Edition. p. 38; Section 7; column 1.

[Nicolini-3] Jump up to: ^a ^b Nicolini, Mary B. (December 1989). "Is There a FOAF in Your Future? Urban Folk Legends in Room 112". The English Journal. 78 (8). National Council of Teachers of English: 81–84. doi:10.2307/819495. JSTOR 819495.

[Helmer-4] Helmer, Dona J. (Winter 2001). "Encyclopedia of Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand". Reference and User Services Quarterly. 41 (2). American Library Association: 191, 193. JSTOR 41241093.

[Bethke-5] Bethke, Robert D. (April 1985). "The Choking Doberman and Other "New" Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand". Western States Folklore. 44 (2). Western States Folklore Society: 147–149. doi:10.2307/1499565. JSTOR 1499565.

[Ashliman-6] Ashliman, D.L. "Llewellyn and His Dog Gellert and other folktales of Aarne-Thompson-Uther type 178A". Llewellyn and His Dog Gellert and other folktales of Aarne-Thompson-Uther type 178A. Retrieved 12 April 2018.

[Mayor-7] Mayor, Adrienne (December 1992). "Ambiguous Guardians: The "Omen of the Wolves" (A.D. 402) and the "Choking Doberman" (1980s)". Journal of Folklore Research. 29 (3): 253–268.^{[dead link]}

[Phoenix-8] "Gagging Dog Baffles Police". Phoenix New Times. June 25, 1981.

[Snopes-9] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Mikkelson, David (16 December 2000). "The Choking Doberman". Snopes.com. Snopes. Retrieved 11 April 2018.

[Tobias-10] Ronald B Tobias (15 December 2011). 20 Master Plots: And How to Build Them. Writer's Digest Books. pp. 2–. ISBN 978-1-59963-539-2.

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