AT-Tur, Восточный Иерусалим
Арабский : א- ID ; [ 1 ] ) является районом арабского сообщества на горе оливок, примерно в 1 км к востоку от старого города Иерусалим . AT-Tur расположен в Восточном Иерусалиме , [ 2 ] Занятый и позже эффективно аннексирован Израилем после шестидневной войны в 1967 году.
История
[ редактировать ]Считается, что AT-TUR является местоположением места виноградника ( древнегреческий : βηθφαγή ; имперский арамейский : בֵּית פַּגִּי , lit. 'Дом незрелых фиг.), Место, упомянутое в Новом Завете . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Археологические раскопки обнаружили, вырезанные в скале установки, карьер, колумбарий и пещеры с каменными вырезанными. Также на участке находятся захоронения пещеры, которые, как считается, датировались со второго храмового периода . [ 5 ]
Часовня Вознесения расположена в AT-Tur. Расположенный на горе оливок, часовня является частью более крупного комплекса, состоящего в первую очередь из христианской церкви и монастыря, а затем исламской мечети. Он расположен на месте, которое, как традиционно считают христианским верующим земным местом, где Иисус поднялся на небеса через сорок дней после Его воскресения.
Ottoman era
[edit]In 1596, the village appeared as Tur Zayta in Ottoman tax registers as being in the Nahiya of Quds of the Liwa of Quds. It had a population of 48 households and 8 bachelors, all Muslim, and paid taxes on wheat, barley, vines or fruit trees, and goats or beehives, a total of 3,200 akçe.[6]
In 1838, in the Biblical Researches in Palestine, it was noted as a Muslim village, located in el-Wadiyeh’ district, east of Jerusalem.[7][8]
An Ottoman village list of about 1870 counted 38 houses and a population of 127, though the population count included only men. It was described as a village on the Mount of Olives.[9][10]
In 1883, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described At-Tur as "a small straggling village on the top of Olivet. The houses are built of stone, but low and mean. The church of the Ascension, now a mosque, stands towards the west at the brow of the hill."[11]
In 1896 the population of Et-tur was estimated to be about 474 persons.[12]
British Mandate era
[edit]In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, At Tur had a population 1,037; 806 Muslims and 231 Christians,[13] increasing in the 1931 census to 2,090; 12 Jews, 253 Christians and 1,825 Muslims, in 400 houses.[14]
In the 1945 statistics the population of Et Tur was 2,770; 2,380 Muslims and 390 Christians,[15] who owned 8,808 dunams of land according to an official land and population survey.[16] 228 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 2,838 for cereals,[17] while 86 dunams were built-up (urban) land.[18]
Jordanian era
[edit]After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, At-Tur came under Jordanian rule.
The Jordanian census of 1961 found 4,289 inhabitants in At-Tur,[19] of whom 686 were Christian.[20]
Post-1967
[edit]During the 1967 Six-Day War, At-Tur came under Israeli occupation, remaining so after the war.
At-Tur has a population of 18,150, mostly Israeli Jews, as well as Muslims and a small Christian minority. Landmarks in At-Tur include the Augusta Victoria Hospital, the Church and Convent of Pater Noster, where the Lord's Prayer is inscribed in 110 languages,[21][22] and the Seven Arches Hotel.[23]
The Al-Makassed Islamic Charitable Hospital, a 250-bed medical facility with in-patient and out-patient services is located in At-Tur.[24]
Jewish Israelis have been buying properties in the neighbourhood and have been resettling the Mount of Olives at a growing rate.
On Friday, 24 April 2015, a 16-year-old resident of at-Tur was shot dead by Israeli soldiers at the Az-Zaim checkpoint. The police said he attacked with a knife, but his family denied this.[25]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 330
- ^ "Building and Infrastructure Development in East Jerusalem" (Press release). Municipality of Jerusalem. 3 March 1997. Retrieved 2007-06-02.
- ^ Avi-Yonah, Michael (1976). "Gazetteer of Roman Palestine". Qedem. 5: 40. ISSN 0333-5844.
- ^ Gibson, Shimon (2009). The Final Days of Jesus: The Archaeological Evidence. HarperOne. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-7459-5395-3.
Bethphage is identified with the village of Et-Tur on the east side of the southern summit of the Mount of Olives.
- ^ Mizrachi, Yonathan (2009). "Jerusalem, Eṯ-Ṯur: Final Report". Hadashot Arkheologiyot: Excavations and Surveys in Israel / חדשות ארכיאולוגיות: חפירות וסקרים בישראל. 121. ISSN 1565-043X.
- ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 118
- ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, 2nd appendix, p. 122
- ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 2, pp. 347, 405, 565
- ^ Socin, 1879, p. 162 It was also noted to be in the el-wadije district.
- ^ Hartmann, 1883, p. 124 also noted 38 houses
- ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. 30
- ^ Schick, 1896, p. 121
- ^ Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jerusalem, p. 14
- ^ Mills, 1932, p. 44
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 25
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 58
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 104
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945; quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 154
- ^ Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 13
- ^ Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, pp. 115-116
- ^ The Pater Noster Church on the Mount of Olives Archived July 10, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, netours.com; accessed 24 November 2014.
- ^ Church of the Pater Noster (Jerusalem), sacred-destinations.com; accessed 24 November 2014.
- ^ Seven Arches Hotel profile[permanent dead link], jerusalemfoundation.org; accessed 24 November 2014.
- ^ Al-Makassed Hospital profile Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine, biojerusalem.org.il; accessed 24 November 2014.
- ^ Hasson, Nir; Reuters (2015-04-25). "Palestinian Tries to Stab Police Officers in Jerusalem and Is Shot Dead, Police Says". Haaretz. Retrieved 2017-03-27.
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Bibliography
[edit]- Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
- Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1883). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 3. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics (1964). First Census of Population and Housing. Volume I: Final Tables; General Characteristics of the Population (PDF).
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945.
- Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
- Хартманн, М. (1883). «Местный список Лива Иерусалим в турецком государственном календаре для Сирии на 1288 году полет (1871)» . Журнал немецкой палестинской ассоциации . 6 : 102–149.
- Хюттерот, Вольф-Дизер; Абдулфатта, Камаль (1977). Историческая география Палестины, Трансджордана и Южной Сирии в конце 16 -го века . Эрланген Географическая работа, Специальный том 5. Эрланген, Германия: Совет Франконовского географического общества. ISBN 3-920405-41-2 .
- Mills, E., ed. (1932). Перепись Палестины, 1931 год. Население деревень, городов и административных районов . Иерусалим: правительство Палестины.
- Палмер, Эх (1881). Обследование западной Палестины: арабские и английские названия, собранные во время обследования лейтенантами Conder and Kitchener, перепродали и объяснены EH Palmer . Комитет Палестинского фонда разведки .
- Робинсон, Э .; Смит, Э. (1841). Библейские исследования в Палестине, Маунт -Синай и Аравии Петрея: журнал путешествий в 1838 году . Тол. 1. Бостон: Крокер и Брюстер .
- Робинсон, Э .; Смит, Э. (1841). Библейские исследования в Палестине, Маунт -Синай и Аравии Петрея: журнал путешествий в 1838 году . Тол. 3. Бостон: Крокер и Брюстер .
- Шик, С. (1896). «О населении Иерусалимского района» . Журнал немецкой палестинской ассоциации . 19 : 120–127.
- Socin, A. (1879). «Алфавитный список городов Пасалик Иерусалим» . Журнал немецкой палестинской ассоциации . 2 : 135–163.
Внешние ссылки
[ редактировать ]- Обследование западной Палестины, карта 17: IAA , Wikimedia Commons
- Silwan & Ath Thuri ( Институт прикладного исследовательского института - Иерусалим (ARIJ)
- Ах Тури и Сильвань Аэрофо Фото , АРДЖ
- Приоритеты и потребности развития местности в Силване и Атюри , Аридж