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Moetzes Gedolei Hatorah

(Перенаправлено из Moetzes gedolei hatorah )
Moetzes Agudas Yisroel, февраль 2013 года, с 12 из 13 членов; Fook L: Vizhnitz-Merkaz Rebbe ; Боянер Ребе ; Модзер Ребе; Sloommer Rebs; Санзер Реббс ; Белизер Ребе ; Эрлауэрс Ребе ; Джерра Ребе ; Vizhnitzer rebbe ; Садигора Ребе ; Биила Ребе; Бостонер Ребе (фото на фото: Сери-Вижнитцер Ребе) [ 1 ]

Moetzes Gedolei Hatorah [ 2 ] ( Еврейский : מועצת גדולי ъем תtoתורה , «Совет великих Торы [мудрецы]») является верховным раввинской Советом по производству политики Агудат-Исраэль и ДеГел Хатора в Израиле; и Агудат Израиль Америки в Соединенных Штатах. Члены обычно являются престижными Рошэй Ешива (руководителями иешивы ) или хасидскими Ребе , которые также обычно считают многими евреями харедди как гедолим («великий/эст») мудрецы иудаизма Торы . Перед Холокостом это была высшая власть для мира Агудата Израиля в Европе.

Слова компонента названия транслитерируются различными способами. Это часто делается как Moetzet, [ 3 ] [ 4 ] и реже, как гедолай [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] и ха-тора [ 5 ] [ 7 ] или ха Тора. [ 6 ] Фраза регулярно сокращается до Moetzes или Moetzah.

History

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Europe

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Prior to World War II, only one such body existed, the World Agudath Israel.[8] The Council of Torah Sages was established following the establishment of Agudath Israel in Katowice in 1912.[9] It was decided at the time that two councils would be set up for the movement: a council of homeowners, and a council of rabbis,[10] composed of leading rabbis from around the world.[11]

United States

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The Moetzes of Agudath Israel of America serve as religious decisors, leadership, and political and policy liaisons with state and federal government agencies on behalf of many American Haredi Jews.[2][12][13] The council, consisting primarily of rosh yeshivas and Hasidic rebbes, directs Agudath's policies and leadership. Formerly known as the Moetzet Chachmei HaTorah, the body was founded in 1948.[14] It sets all major policies, and guides the organization according to its precepts of Da'as Torah.

Israel

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The first Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah of "Degel HaTorah", March 1989, home of Rabbi Schach. Sitting alongside Rabbi Steinman

The Moetzes of Agudat Yisrael likewise constituted the Israeli Ashkenazic Haredi community's religious policy leadership, and exercises strong control over political matters for strongly observant Israelis, such as joining government coalitions.[15][16]

Prior to Degel HaTorah's late 1980s break from Agudat Israel (because of the dominance of the Polish Hasidic groups), there was only one Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah in Israel.[17] With the breakaway of the Lithuanian/"yeshivish" faction (led by Rabbi Rabbi Elazar Shach), two separate, at times complementary, councils were created.

The Haredi Sephardi Jews of Israel had also at one time followed the leadership of the Moetzet of Agudat Yisrael when it was still a body that generally spoke for most of Israel's Haredim. Eventually, however, the Haredi Sephardim broke with their Ashkenazi counterparts (again because of the dominance of the Polish Hasidic groups), and established the Moetzet Chachmei HaTorah ("Council of [wise] Torah Sages"), which in turn became the source for the formulation and expression of the policies and agenda of the Shas political party in the Israeli Knesset.[18] Rabbi Ovadiah Yosef became the main leadership figure of this council.

Members – Europe

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In Katowice (Kattowitz), German Empire in 1912 were appointed to the council Rabbi Avraham Mordechai Alter (1866–1948) Rebbe of Ger (Chairman), Rabbi Sholom Dovber Schneerson Rebbe of Chabad, Rabbi Chaim Soloveitchik, Rabbi Yitzchak Isaac Halevy, Rabbi Meir Simcha of Dvinsk, Rabbi Chaim Ozer Grodzinski, Rabbi Itzela of Ponevezh, Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Breuer, Rabbi Ze'ev Feilchenfeld of Posen, Rabbi David Zvi Hoffmann, Rabbi Kopel Reich of Budapest.[19]

At the great congress in Vienna in 1923, the Council included: the Chofetz Chaim, the Gerrer Rebbe, Rabbi Yisroel Friedman the Chortkov Rebbe, Rabbi Chaim Ozer Grodzinski, Rabbi Meir Arik, Rabbi Yitzchak Zelig Morgenstern the Admor of Sokolov, Rabbi Mordechai Yosef Elazar Leiner the Admor of Radzin, Rabbi Meir Dan Plotzky, Rabbi Moshe Mordechai Epstein, Rabbi Meir Shapira of Lublin, Rabbi Avraham Mendel Steinberg of Brod, Rabbi Kalman Weber of Piestany, and Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Breuer.[20]

In 1937, the members of the Council were: Rabbi Avraham Mordechai Alter, Rabbi Yitzchak Menachem Mendel Danziger of Aleksander, Rabbi Dovid Bornsztain of Sochatchov, Rabbi Avraham Yaakov Friedman of Sadigura, Rabbi Mordechai Shalom Yosef Friedman of Przemysl, Rabbi Elchonon Wasserman, Rabbi Aharon Levin, Rabbi Aharon Kotler, Rabbi Ben Zion Yoezer (Rabbi of Turda and President of the Federation of the Association of Ultra-Orthodox Communities in Romania), Rabbi Dov Ber Av Beit Din of Ozarkov, Rabbi Moshe Blum Av Beit Din of Zamosc, Rabbi Zalman Sorotzkin, Rabbi Yehuda Leib Tsirelson, Rabbi Yosef Tzvi Dushinsky, Rabbi Menachem Ziemba, Rabbi Mordechai Rotenberg, Rabbi of Antwerp, Rabbi Akiva Sofer, and Rabbi Shmuel Dovid Ungar. The council's president was Rabbi Chaim Ozer Grodzinski.

Members – Israel

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Past members

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Current members (Agudat Yisrael)

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Current members (Degel HaTorah)

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New members (2020)[21]

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Members – United States

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Past members

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Current members

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References

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  1. ^ HaMevaser Daily, Issue# 1244, February 8th, 2013, pg 1, "Gathering of Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah of Agudath Israel"
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Schloss, Chaim (2004) [2002]. 2000 Years of Jewish History (Fourth Revised ed.). Jerusalem, Israel: Feldheim Publishers. p. 294. ISBN 1-58330-214-X. Retrieved July 6, 2010. The final resolution declared that Agudas Yisrael would serve to resolve all difficulties facing Jews and Judaism on the basis of Torah, without any political considerations. The Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah, the rabbinic council, would be the supreme governing body and final authority in all decisions.
  3. ^ Elazar, Daniel J. (1989). People and Polity: The Organizational Dynamic of World Jewry. Wayne State University Press. p. 129. ISBN 9780814318447. Retrieved July 8, 2010. The chief posekim of the ultra-Orthodox are organized in the Moetzet Gedolei haTorah (Council of Torah Greats).
  4. ^ Baumel, Simeon D. (2006). Sacred Speakers: Language and Culture among the Haredim in Israel. Berghahn Books. p. 34. ISBN 1-84545-062-0. Retrieved July 8, 2010. Following the tradition begun by his father, R. Israel Alter was active in developing and leading the Moetzet Gedolei Hatorah (Council of Torah Sages) of Agudat Yisrael, which was the guiding force and deciding board behind the decision of the Haredi Agudat Yisrael political party in Israel.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b Kranzler, David; Landesman, Dovid (1998). Rav Breuer: His Life and Legacy. Jerusalem, Israel: The Rabbi Dr. Joseph Breuer Foundation. p. 37. ISBN 9781583301630. Retrieved July 8, 2010. R. Eliyahu Meir Bloch – one of the members of the Moetzes Gedolai ha-Torah with whom Rav Breuer maintained a close relationship – also decried the failure to offer instruction in Tanach... .
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b Tikkun. Vol. 6. 1991. p. 62. Retrieved July 8, 2010. Agudath demanded insularity and an authoritarian organization. The Agudath founded the Moetzes Gedolai Ha Torah (the Council of Torah sages), a group of renowned rabbis, the interpret the problematic areas of modern life according to Torah law.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b Sherman, Moshe D. (1996). Orthodox Judaism in America: A Biographical Dictionary and Sourcebook. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p. 123. ISBN 0-313-24316-6. Retrieved July 8, 2010. Kotler emerged as one of the most significant Orthodox rabbinic leaders of the time, not only in America, where he was Chairman of Agudath Israel's Moetzet Gedolai ha-Torah (Council of Torah Sages), but in Israel as well.
  8. ^ Amsel, Meir (1986). Encyclopedia Hamaor: Perpetual Memoirs and Responsa in 4 Divisions. Congregation and Yeshiva Hamaor. p. 278. Retrieved July 8, 2010. He was one of the founders of Agudas Israel in Czechoslovakia, and after the Holocaust, of Agudas Israel of Central Europe, and was one of the leaders of the Moetzes Chachmei Hatorah in the area.
  9. ^ "The General Assembly of the Agudath Israel Committee", Hatzfira, October 29, 1912
  10. ^ "Agudat Yisrael assembly in Katowice", Moria, June 14, 1912
  11. ^ Asher Reichel, "Igrot Rabbi Yitzchak Isaac HaLevi", Mossad Harav Kook, p. 66, on the HebrewBooks site
  12. ^ Hutner, Isaac (2007). Katz, Steven T. (ed.). Wrestling with God: Jewish Theological Responses during and after the Holocaust. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 557. ISBN 978-0-19-530014-7. Retrieved July 8, 2010. Yeshiva and day school principals from across the nation posed the above question to Rabbi Yitzchok [Isaac] Hutner, head of the Yeshiva Rabbi Chaim Berlin-Aryeh and a member of the Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah (Council of Torah Sages) of Agudat Israel or [sic] America.
  13. ^ Agudath Israel of America, ed. (May 2003). Daring to Dream (pamphlet). New York, NY: Agudath Israel of America. p. unnumbered. Retrieved July 8, 2010. Through the years, Agudath Israel has been guided by its Torah leadership, mainly through the Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah (Council of Torah Sages), comprised of many of the country's leading rabbinic authorities. Aside from the focus put on their decisions and policy statements, regarding most every major issue confronting American Orthodoxy...
  14. ^ The Struggle and the Splendor: A Pictorial Overview of Agudath Israel of America. Agudath Israel of America. 1982. pp. 23–24.
  15. ^ Goldberg, David H.; Reich, Bernard (January 2009). Fatton Jr., Robert (ed.). Religion, State, and Society: Jefferson's Wall of Separation in Comparative Perspective. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan / St.Martin's Press. p. 224. ISBN 978-0-230-61230-3. Retrieved July 8, 2010. Established in 1912 in Kattowitz (Katowice), Poland, Augda was to be a Torah movement directed by Moetzet Gedolei Hatorah (Council of Torah Sages), a group of rabbinical scholars who represent the various factions of the Aguda movement and are chosen for their scholarly merit and prestige in the realm of Orthodox Jewry. Moetzet Gedolei Hatorah continues to be the supreme decision-making body for Aguda adherents, and its decisions are sovereign in all questions affecting the membership, including religious and political matters such as joining or remaining in the government coalition.
  16. ^ Baumel, Simeon D. (2006). Sacred Speakers: Language and Culture among the Haredim in Israel. Berghahn Books. p. 34. ISBN 1-84545-062-0. Retrieved July 8, 2010. Following the tradition begun by his father, R. Israel Alter was active in developing and leading the Moetzet Gedolei Hatorah (Council of Torah Sages) of Agudat Yisrael, which was the guiding force and deciding board behind the decision of the Haredi Agudat Yisrael political party in Israel.
  17. ^ Баумель, Симеон Д. (2006). Священные носители: язык и культура среди харедма в Израиле . Berghahn Books. п. 41. ISBN  1-84545-062-0. Retrieved July 8, 2010. Unlike the dynastic succession of Hassidic courts, which usually allowed for one central rabbinical authority per sect at any given time, the Mitnagdic world often had several Gedolim (Great Torah Scholars) to turn to in one generation. From the 1970s until the late 1990s, R. Shakh functioned as the major authority in terms of various issues, and his political machinations were instrumental in creating a new form of Mitnagdic separatism. Having broken away from the heavily Hassidic Moetzet Gedolei Hatorah in the latter 1980s, Shakh founded a new Haredi political party, (Degel Hatorah), started a new Haredi newspaper, Yated Ne'eman, and created the She'erit Yisrael kashrut authority.
  18. ^ Бик, E (зима 2007). «Столкновение власти: мирянные лидеры и раввины в национальной религиозной партии» . Дела Израиля . 13 (2): 401–417. doi : 10.1080/1353712070120502024 . S2CID   145523340 . Получено 8 июля 2010 года . В Шасе есть единственная иерархия, с раввином Овадией Йосефом, несомненным лидером партии. Он сидит во главе Совета партии «Мудрецы Торы» (Moetzet Chachmei Hatorah), который подчиняется его власти.
  19. ^ "Агудат Ассамблея Израиля в Катовице" , Мория, 18 июня 1912 г.
  20. ^ См. «В Aguodath Israel» , Doar Hayom, 5 мая 1929 г.
  21. ^ Новости новостей. "Мотц Дегел Хатора встречается, рекламирует новых членов " Matzav.com Получено 5 декабря {{cite news}}: |last1= имеет общее имя ( справка )
  22. ^ Девора Кляйн (Джон 29, 2015). "Средний Запад Хамодия .
  23. ^ «Сайт проходит обслуживание» .
  24. ^ Jump up to: а беременный в Hapardes , сентябрь 1941, с. 16
  25. ^ https://3.bp.bp.blogspot./pifx qm4gm/unp4mr_piaia/pfioiaia/s168/m1600/mousde 1600/s. [ Файл изображения голой URL ]
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