Convolvulaceae
 | Эта статья включает в себя список общих ссылок , но в ней не хватает достаточно соответствующих встроенных цитат . ( Май 2013 ) |
| Семья Bindweed | |
|---|---|
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| Ipomoea командовала | |
Научная классификация 
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| Королевство: | Plantae |
| Клада : | Трахеофиты |
| Клада : | Покрытосеменные |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Solanales |
| Family: | Convolvulaceae Juss. |
| Type genus | |
| Convolvulus | |
| Genera | |
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See text | |
Convolvulaceae ( / k ən ˌ v ɒ l v j ə ˈ l eɪ s i . Iː , - aɪ / ), обычно называемая связующими или утренними славу , представляет собой семейство около 60 родов и более 1650 видов. Эти виды в основном травянистые лозы , но также включают деревья , кустарники и травы . Клубни сладкий нескольких видов съедобны, самым известным из которых является картофель .
Описание
[ редактировать ]Convolvulaceae может быть признан по их воронкообразной, радиально симметричной венчик ; Цветочная формула для семьи имеет пять чашелистиков , пять лепесток , пять эпипетальных тычинок (тычинки, слитые с лепестками), а также с двумя частями синкарпов и превосходного гинециума . Стебли этих растений обычно обморожены, отсюда и их латинское название (от конвалора «до ветра»). Листья просты и альтернативны, без стапул . В паразитной кускате (Доддер) они сводятся к масштабам. Плод может быть капсулой, ягодой или гайкой, которые содержат только два семян на одну локулу (одна яйцеклетка / яичница ).
The leaves and starchy, tuberous roots of some species are used as foodstuffs (e.g. sweet potato and water spinach), and the seeds are exploited for their medicinal value as purgatives. Some species contain ergoline alkaloids that are likely responsible for the use of these species as ingredients in psychedelic drugs (e.g. ololiuhqui). The presence of ergolines in some species of this family is due to infection by fungi related to the ergot fungi of the genus Claviceps. A recent study of Convolvulaceae species, Ipomoea asarifolia, and its associated fungi showed the presence of a fungus, identified by DNA sequencing of 18s and ITS ribosomal DNA and phylogenetic analysis to be closely related to fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae, was always associated with the presence of ergoline alkaloids in the plant. The identified fungus appears to be a seed-transmitted, obligate biotroph growing epiphytically on its host.[1] This finding strongly suggests the unique presence of ergoline alkaloids in some species of the family Convolvulaceae is due to symbiosis with clavicipitaceous fungi. Moreover, another group of compounds, loline alkaloids, commonly produced by some members of the clavicipitaceous fungi (genus Neotyphodium), has been identified in a convolvulaceous species, but the origin of the loline alkaloids in this species is unknown.[2]
Members of the family are well known as food plants (e.g. sweet potatoes and water spinach), as showy garden plants (e.g. morning glory) and as troublesome weeds (e.g. bindweed (mainly Convolvulus and Calystegia) and dodder), while Humbertia madagascariensis is a medium-sized tree and Ipomoea carnea is an erect shrub. Some parasitic members of this family are also used medicinally.[3]
Genera
[edit]- Tribe Aniseieae
- Aniseia Choisy
- Odonellia K.R.Robertson
- Tetralocularia O'Donell[4]
- Tribe Cardiochlamyeae
- Cardiochlamys Oliv.
- Cordisepalum Verdc.
- Dinetus Buch.-Ham. ex Sweet
- Duperreya Gaudich.
- Poranopsis Roberty
- Tridynamia Gagnep.[5]
- Tribe Convolvuleae
- Calystegia R.Br. – Bindweed, morning glory
- Convolvulus L. – bindweed, morning glory
- Jacquemontia Choisy
- Polymeria R.Br.[6]
- Tribe Cresseae
- Bonamia Thouars
- Cladostigma Radlk.
- Cressa L.
- Evolvulus L.
- Hildebrandtia Vatke
- Seddera Hochst.
- Stylisma Raf.
- Wilsonia R. Br.[7]
- Tribe Cuscuteae
- Tribe Dichondreae
- Dichondra J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
- Falkia Thunb.
- Nephrophyllum A.Rich.
- Petrogenia I.M.Johnst.[9]
- Tribe Erycibeae
- Tribe Humbertieae
- Tribe Ipomoeeae
- Argyreia Lour. – Hawaiian baby woodrose
- Astripomoea A.Meeuse
- Blinkworthia Choisy
- Ipomoea L. – morning glory, sweet potato
- Lepistemon Blume
- Lepistemonopsis Dammer
- Paralepistemon Lejoly & Lisowski
- Rivea Choisy
- Stictocardia Hallier f.[12]
- Tribe Maripeae
- Dicranostyles Benth.
- Itzaea Standl. & Steyerm.
- Lysiostyles Benth.
- Maripa Aubl.[13]
- Tribe Poraneae
- Calycobolus Willd. ex Schult.
- Dipteropeltis Hallier f.
- Metaporana N.E.Br.
- Neuropeltis Wall.
- Neuropeltopsis Ooststr.
- Porana Burm.f.
- Rapona Baill.
- Camonea Raf.
- Daustinia Buril & Simões
- Decalobanthus Ooststr.
- Distimake Raf.
- Hewittia Wight & Arn.
- Hyalocystis Hallier f.
- Merremia Dennst. ex Endl. – Hawaiian woodrose
- Operculina Silva Manso
- Remirema Kerr
- Xenostegia D.F.Austin & Staples
References
[edit] | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (August 2020) |
- ^ Ulrike Steiner; Mahalia A. Ahimsa-Müller; Anne Markert; Sabine Kucht; Julia Groß; Nicole Kauf; Monika Kuzma; Monika Zych; Marc Lamshöft; Miroslawa Furmanowa; et al. (2006). "Molecular characterization of a seed transmitted clavicipitaceous fungus occurring on dicotyledoneous plants (Convolvulaceae)". Planta. 224 (3): 533–544. Bibcode:2006Plant.224..533S. doi:10.1007/s00425-006-0241-0. PMID 16525783. S2CID 25682792.
- ^ Britta Tofern; Macki Kaloga; Ludger Witte; Thomas Hartmann; Eckart Eich (1999). "Occurrence of loline alkaloids in Argyreia mollis (Convolvulaceae)". Phytochemistry. 51 (8): 1177–1180. Bibcode:1999PChem..51.1177T. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00121-1.
- ^ O'Neill, A.R.; Rana, S.K. (2019). "An ethnobotanical analysis of parasitic plants (Parijibi) in the Nepal Himalaya". Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 12 (14): 14. doi:10.1186/s13002-016-0086-y. PMC 4765049. PMID 26912113.
- ^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Aniseieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Cardiochlamyeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Convolvuleae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Cresseae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Cuscuteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Dichondreae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Erycibeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Humbertieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Ipomoeeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Genera of Convolvulaceae tribe Maripeae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ Simões, A. R.; Staples, G. (2017-04-01). "Dissolution of Convolvulaceae tribe Merremieae and a new classification of the constituent genera". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 183 (4): 561–586. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/box007. ISSN 0024-4074.
Further reading
[edit]- Daniel F. Austin (1973). "The American Erycibeae (Convolvulaceae): Maripa, Dicranostyles, and Lysiostyles I. Systematics". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 60 (2): 306–412. doi:10.2307/2395089. JSTOR 2395089.
- Austin, D. F. 1997. Convolvulaceae (Morning Glory Family)
- Convolvulus plant
- Convolvulaceae in L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants.
- Daniel F. Austin (2000). "Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis, Convolvulaceae) in North America – from medicine to menace". Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society. 127 (2): 172–177. doi:10.2307/3088694. JSTOR 3088694.
- Costea, M. 2007-onwards. Digital Atlas of Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae)
- Lyons, K. E. 2001. Element stewardship abstract for Convolvulus arvensis L. field bindweed. The Nature Conservancy.
- Calif. Dept. of Food and Agriculture. Undated. Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.)
- Univ. of Idaho Extension. 1999. Homewise: No matter what we do, our morning glory weeds come back every year. Any advice? Aug. 23
- Hodges, L. 2003. Bindweed identification and control options for organic production. NebFacts. Univ. of Nebraska – Lincoln Cooperative Extension
- Univ. of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. 2003. Field Bindweed. Pest Notes. Publ. # 7462
- Washington State Univ. Cooperative Extension. Undated. Hortsense: Weeds: Field bindweed (Wild morningglory): Convolvulus arvensis
- Sullivan, P. 2004. Field bindweed control alternatives. ATTRA. National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service.
- Lanini, W. T. Undated. Organic weed management in vineyards. University of California, Davis Cooperative Extension.
- Cox, H. R. 1915. The eradication of bindweed or wild morning-glory. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Farmers’ Bulletin 368. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office.
- J. L. Littlefield (2004). "Bindweeds". In Eric M. Coombs (ed.). Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the United States. Corvallis OR: Oregon State University Press. pp. 150–157. ISBN 978-0-87071-029-2.
- New Mexico State Univ. Cooperative Extension Service. 2004. Managing Aceria malherbae gall mites for control of field bindweed.
- Sue Dockstader (2005). "Coping with field bindweed without using herbicides". Journal of Pesticide Reform. 25 (1): 6–7. Archived from the original on 2012-04-22. Retrieved 2012-02-14.
External links
[edit]
- Convolvulaceae Unlimited
- Convolvulaceae in Topwalks
- Family Convolvulaceae Archived 2020-04-11 at the Wayback Machine Flowers in Israel
Семейства цветущих растений ( APG IV ) |
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