Пирамид-Лейк (округ Лос-Анджелес, Калифорния)
| Пирамидальное озеро | |
|---|---|
 Озеро Пирамид и горы Сан-Эмигдио . | |
  Пирамидальное озеро | |
| Location | Angeles National Forest / Los Padres National Forest Los Angeles County, California |
| Coordinates | 34°38′39″N 118°45′51″W / 34.644153°N 118.764258°W |
| Type | Reservoir |
| Primary inflows | West Branch California Aqueduct Piru Creek |
| Primary outflows | West Branch California Aqueduct Piru Creek |
| Basin countries | United States |
| Surface area | 1.97 sq mi (5.1 km2) |
| Average depth | 200 ft (61 m) |
| Max. depth | 355 ft (108 m) |
| Water volume | 222,000 acre⋅ft (274,000,000 m3) |
| Shore length1 | 21 mi (34 km) |
| Surface elevation | 786 m (2,579 ft) |
| References | U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Pyramid Lake |
| 1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure. | |
Озеро Пирамид — водохранилище, образованное плотиной Пирамид на ручье Пиру в восточной части гор Сан-Эмигдио , недалеко от Кастаика , Южная Калифорния . Это часть акведука Западной ветви Калифорнии , который является частью водного проекта штата Калифорния . Его вода подается системой после перекачивания из долины Сан-Хоакин и через горы Техачапи . [ нужна ссылка ]
Фон
[ редактировать ]Это озеро было создано в 1972 году. [1] и завершен в 1973 году как накопительный резервуар для водного проекта штата Калифорния. Озеро было названо в честь скалы пирамидальной формы, высеченной инженерами, строившими шоссе 99 США . [2] Путешественники между Лос-Анджелесом и Бейкерсфилдом окрестили достопримечательность «Скалой-пирамидой», которая до сих пор стоит рядом с плотиной. [2]
The 118 m (387 ft) earth and rock dam was built by the California Department of Water Resources and was completed in 1973. Pyramid Lake is part of the California Aqueduct, which is part of the California State Water Project. Outflow goes downstream to Castaic Lake, which is the terminus of this West Branch aqueduct line.[citation needed]
Pyramid and Castaic lakes act as the upper and lower reservoirs for the Castaic Power Plant, a 1,495 megawatt pumped storage hydroelectric plant located at Castaic Lake.[3] The plant generates electricity from the water that flows down from Pyramid Lake to Castaic Lake, and can store energy by pumping water in the reverse direction when desired.
Its name comes from the Pyramid Rock, created when a ridge was cut through in 1932 by the Ridge Route Alternate (US 99). Pyramid Rock still exists directly in front of the dam.[4]
In 1843, gold was discovered near what is now Pyramid Lake, in the Santa Feliciana Canyon, just south of what is now Pyramid Dam. The small find failed to trigger a rush to the mountainous countryside. Only Francisco Lopes, owner of Rancho Temescal, a Mexican land grant, and a handful of ranchers attempted to settle the region.[2]
Geography
[edit]Pyramid Lake is built up along the steep canyon walls surrounding Piru Creek.[citation needed]
The 180,000 acre⋅ft (220,000,000 m3) reservoir lies on the border between the Angeles National Forest and the Los Padres National Forest, in the northwestern portion of Los Angeles County. It is to the west of Interstate 5 (I-5) south of Tejon Pass. The former alignment of US 99 is below the waters here, replaced by I-5.[citation needed]
Just below the dam, Piru Creek returns to its natural state as it winds down through the Topatopa Mountains to feed into the Lake Piru reservoir and later the Santa Clara River. Water from Pyramid Lake continues through the Angeles Tunnel to Castaic Lake, which is the terminus of the west branch of the aqueduct.[citation needed]
Recreation
[edit]Pyramid Lake offers boating, fishing, jet skiing, and picnic areas (including 5 unique sites that are accessible only by boat), and courtesy docks.[3] Vista del Lago Visitors Center overlooks the lake.[5] Access is from exiting Interstate 5 at Vista Del Lago Road (Exit 191).
Fishing is allowed from every location at Pyramid Lake. This includes fish such as large mouth bass, small mouth bass, striped bass, blue gill, crappie, and some trout. The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) has developed a safe eating advisory for fish caught in Piru Creek based on levels of mercury or PCBs found in local species.[6]
Access to the lake was temporarily closed in June 2024 due to the impacts of the Post Fire.[7]
Gallery
[edit]
Pyramid Lake earthworks.
Pyramid Lake seen from the air with the Pacific Ocean in the distance.
Pyramid Lake and San Emigdio Mountains.
View south towards Pyramid Dam from boat.
See also
[edit]- List of dams and reservoirs in California
- List of lakes in California
- Dome Mountain (Los Angeles County)
References
[edit]- ^ "US 99 – Piru Gorge, Beneath Pyramid Lake". January 18, 2009. p. 6. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Pyramid Lake (PDF). Dept of Water Resources, State of California. p. 2. Archived from the original (Brochure) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Pyramid Lake". CA—DWR. Archived from the original on April 5, 2018. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Pyramid Lake
- ^ "Vista del Lago Visitors Center". CA—DWR. Archived from the original on April 5, 2018. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
- ^ Admin, OEHHA (December 30, 2014). "Pyramid Lake". OEHHA. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
- ^ Skinner, Anna (June 21, 2024). "California lake closes until further notice". Newsweek. Retrieved June 23, 2024.
External links
[edit]
- CA Dept. of Water Resources—DWR: Pyramid Lake Recreation website
- Pyramid Lake Los Alamos campground info and reservation site
