Абхоги

Abhogi Kanada
Thaat	Kafi
Type	Audava–Audava
Time of day	Early night, 9–12
Arohana	S R G̱ M D Ṡ
Avarohana	Ṡ D M G̱ M R S; Ṡ D M G̱ R S;
Vadi	S
Samavadi	M
Synonym	Abhogi
Similar	Bageshri

Абхоги
Мела	22 -й, Харараприя
Тип	Audava -Audava
Ароханам	S r₂ g₂ m₁ d₂ ṡ
Авалесакам	Ṡ d₂ m₁ g₂ r₂ s
Джива Сварас	Г -н
Чхайя Сварас	D₂.
Эквивалент	Абхоги Канада

Abhogi ( ābhōgi ) - это рага в карнатической музыке и была адаптирована к музыке Hindustani . ^{[ 2 ]} Это пентатоническая шкала, audava Raga. ^{[ 3 ]} Это производная шкала ( Джаня Рага), так как у нее нет всех семи сваров (музыкальные заметки). Абхоги был заимствован из карнатической музыки в музыку Hindustani , а также довольно популярен в последнем. В музыке Hindustani Рага была классифицирована под кафи -таатом. ^{[ 4 ]}^{[ 5 ]}

Теория

Arohanam and Avarohanam for Abhogi

Carnatic Raga Abhogi - это симметричная пентатоническая шкала, которая не содержит панчамам и нишадам . Это называется audava-audava Raga, ^{[ 4 ]}^{[ 5 ]} поскольку он имеет 5 нот как в восходящих, так и в нисходящих масштабах. Его структура «арохана-аварохана» следующая:

ārohaṇa: S R₂ G₂ M₁ D₂ Ṡ^[a]
avarohaṇa: Ṡ D₂ M₁ G₂ R₂ S^[b]

The notes used are shadjam, chathusruti rishabham, sadharana gandharam, shuddha madhyamam and chathusruthi dhaivatham. Ābhōgi is considered a janya raga of Kharaharapriya, the 22nd Melakarta raga, though it can be derived from Gourimanohari too, by dropping both panchamam and nishadam.^{[citation needed]}

Graha bhedam

Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to another note in the rāgam. Abhogi's notes, when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields another pentatonic rāgam, Valaji. For more details and illustration of this concept refer Graha bhedam on Ābhōgi.

According to P.Moutal, the raga Kalavati is a transposition of Abhogi.^[6]

Scale similarities

Sriranjani is a rāgam which has kaishiki nishadam in both ascending and descending scales in addition to the notes in Ābhōgi. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R₂ G₂ M₁ D₂ N₂ Ṡ : Ṡ N₂ D₂ M₁ G₂ R₂ S
Shuddha Saveri is a rāgam which has the panchamam in place of the gandharam. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R₂ M₁ P D₂ Ṡ : Ṡ D₂ P M₁ R₂ S

Notable compositions

Abhogi is a raga used for compositions in a medium to fast tempo. It has been used by many composers in classical music and film music. Notable traditional compositions in Abhogi include:

Nannu brova nee kinta tāmasamā in Adi tala by Thyagaraja^[1]
Anugalavu Chinte, Maneyolagaado By Purandara Dasa
Śri Lakṣhmi varāham by Muthuswami Dikshitar^[1]
Sabhāpatikku veru daivam, in Rupaka tala by Gopalakrishna Bharati^[1]
Neekepudu in Khanḍa Tripuṭa tala by Mysore Sadashiva Rao^[1]
Evvari bodhana, a popular varnam by Patnam Subramania Iyer^{[citation needed]}
Manasu nilpa by Thyagaraja^{[citation needed]}
Nekkurugi unnai by Papanasam Sivan^{[citation needed]}
Sri Mahaganapathe by N S Ramachandran^[7]
Manujudai Putti by Annamacharya^{[citation needed]}

In Hindustani music

The Carnatic raga was incorporated relatively recently into Hindustani classical music where it is known as Abhogi Kanada (IAST: Abhogi Kānaḍā) or simply, Abhogi. The Kanada indicates its origin as a member of the Kanada group. Abhogi Kanada is assigned to the Kafi thaat.^[2]^[8]

The Carnatic and Hindustani Abhogis have almost identical arohanas and avarohanas. However, one major differences is that the Carnatic raga uses the Kanada vakra (out of sequence) phrase G₂ M₁ R₂ S^[c] in a straight manner.^[1]

Theory

Pa and Ni are omitted. Also Re is often omitted in ascent. Flat Ga is often approached from Ma in ascent and has a slight oscillation to show the typical Kanada. In descent often the typical Kanada phrase G̱ M̄ R S is used.^{[citation needed]}

Arohana (order of ascending notes in the scale): S R G̱ M D Ṡ^[d]^[2]
Avarohana (order of descending notes in the scale): Ṡ D M G̱ R S^[e] or Ṡ D M G̱ R S^[f]^[2]
Vadi: S^{[citation needed]}
Samavadi: M^{[citation needed]}
Jeeva Swaras: G̱ and D^{[citation needed]}
Pakad or Chalan: GMDS SDRSDMD_ D_SRGRS D_RSDM GMMDDSDRSD_M GMD_MGGRR_ GRSd Rd_S
Samay (Time): Night, approximately 9PM-12AM.
Thaat: Kafi

Related ragas: Bageshree. However, Bageshree also includes flat Ni and a limited use of Pa, which gives a different flavour.^[2]

Compositions

Hindustani compositions of note in Abhogi Kanada include:^[8]

Par gaya chahai sab koi in Ektal by Raidas
Jayati siri radhike in Jhaptal by Gadadhar Bhatt
Ek barajori kare saiyya in Jhumratal

Important recordings

Amir Khan, Ragas Bilaskhani Todi and Abhogi, HMV/AIR LP (long-playing record), EMI-ECLP2765

Film songs

In Tamil language

Song	Movie	Year	Composer	Singer
Thangaratham Vanthathu	Kalai Kovil	1964	Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy	M. Balamuralikrishna, P. Susheela
Naan Indri Yaar Vaaruvaar (Ragamalika: Abhogi, Valaji)	Maalaiyitta Mangai	1958	Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy	T. R. Mahalingam, A. P. Komala
Kangalin Vaarthaigal	Kalathur Kannamma	1960	R. Sudarsanam	A. M. Rajah, P. Susheela
Vanakkam Palamurai Sonnen	Avan Oru Sarithiram	1977	M. S. Viswanathan	T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela
Mangayaril Maharani	Avalukendru Or Manam	1971	M. S. Viswanathan	S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, P. Susheela
Inraiku Yen Indha	Vaidehi Kathirunthal	1984	Ilaiyaraaja	P. Jayachandran, Vani Jairam
Kalai Nera	Amman Kovil Kizhakale	1986	Ilaiyaraaja	S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
Kuk Kuk Koo Ena	Kaalaiyum Neeye Maalaiyum Neeye	1988	Devendran	S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
Indha Paadal Keetuthaan	Oru Vali Pathai		S. A. Rajkumar	Minmini
Konjam Neram	Chandramukhi	2005	Vidyasagar	Madhu Balakrishnan, Asha Bhonsle
Vaa Sagi Vaa Sagi	Arasiyal	1997	Vidyasagar	Harish Raghavendra, Uma Ramanan
Maname	Kurukshetram	2006	Isaac Thomas Kottukapally	Pradeep
Idhayam	Billa II	2012	Yuvan Shankar Raja	Shweta Pandit
Ithuvarai Ithuvarai	Potta Potti	2011	Aruldev	Hariharan, Mahathi, Aruldev
Ulagam Rendaga	Kaal Kolusu	2011	Santosh, Sanjeev	Madhu Balakrishnan,Deepa

Language : Hindi

Song	Movie	Composer	Singers
Na Jaiyo Re Sautan Ghar Sainya	Kaagaz Ki Nao	Sapan-Jagmohan	Asha Bhosle

Language : Telugu

Song	Movie	Composer	Singers
Nandanandana	Family star	Gopi Sundar	Sid Sriram
Aalapinchana Eevela ^[9]	Sri Rama Pattabhishekam	Pendyala (composer)	P. Susheela

Language : Malayalam

Song	Movie	Composer	Singers
Thozhukai kooppi unarum	Boeing Boeing	Raghukumar (composer)	K.J.Yesudas

Notes

^
Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: S R G̱ M D Ṡ
- Western: C D E♭ F A C
^
Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: Ṡ D M G̱ R S
- Western: C A F E♭ D C
^
Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: G̱ M R S
- Western: E♭ F D C
^
Alternate notations:
- Carnatic: S R₂ G₂ M₁ D₂ Ṡ
- Western: C D E♭ F A C
^
Alternate notations:
- Carnatic: Ṡ D₂ M₁ G₂ R₂ S
- Western: C A F E♭ D C
^
Alternate notations:
- Carnatic: Ṡ D₂ M₁ G₂ R₂ S
- Western: C A F E♭ D C

References

^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k OEMI:A.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Bor & Rao 1999.
^ Chaudhuri, A. (2021). Finding the Raga: An Improvisation on Indian Music. Faber & Faber. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-571-37076-4. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
^ P.Moutal, p. 462
^ Carnatic music compositions: an index. CBH Publications. 1994. p. 129.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c OEMI:AK.
^ Shalimar Telugu Hindi Movies. "Sri Rama Pattabhishekam Aanapenchana Video Song NTR Sangeeta Shalimarcinema". youtube(videostreaming). Retrieved 21 July 2016.

Sources

Завтра, Джоп; Рао, Суваналата (1999). Свидетельство руководства: обзор 74 индусттанини Ратти Нимбус записывает с ротонамской консерваторией музыки. П. 16. ISBN 978-0-9543976-0-9 .
Абхоги Рага (Кар), Оксфордская энциклопедия музыки Индии . Издательство Оксфордского университета. 2011. ISBN 978-0-19-565098-3 Полем Получено 6 октября 2018 года .
Абхоги Канаха Рага (Хин), Оксфордская энциклопедия музыки Индии . Издательство Оксфордского университета. 2011. ISBN 978-0-19-565098-3 Полем Получено 6 октября 2018 года .
Moutal, Patrick (1991), индекс Hindustāni Rāga-S , Нью-Дели: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt Ltd, ISBN 81-215-0525-7

Внешние ссылки

Мано Чайлма, Медания (2 2012). "Atay Joga Jos Joy - автор был Awti . Мы индуистские .

[6] Alternate notations:
Hindustani: S R G̱ M D Ṡ
Western: C D E♭ F A C

[2] Hindustani: S R G̱ M D Ṡ

[3] Western: C D E♭ F A C

[7] Alternate notations:
Hindustani: Ṡ D M G̱ R S
Western: C A F E♭ D C

[5] Hindustani: Ṡ D M G̱ R S

[6] Western: C A F E♭ D C

[11] Alternate notations:
Hindustani: G̱ M R S
Western: E♭ F D C

[8] Hindustani: G̱ M R S

[9] Western: E♭ F D C

[12] Alternate notations:
Carnatic: S R₂ G₂ M₁ D₂ Ṡ
Western: C D E♭ F A C

[11] Carnatic: S R₂ G₂ M₁ D₂ Ṡ

[12] Western: C D E♭ F A C

[13] Alternate notations:
Carnatic: Ṡ D₂ M₁ G₂ R₂ S
Western: C A F E♭ D C

[14] Carnatic: Ṡ D₂ M₁ G₂ R₂ S

[15] Western: C A F E♭ D C

[14] Alternate notations:
Carnatic: Ṡ D₂ M₁ G₂ R₂ S
Western: C A F E♭ D C

[17] Carnatic: Ṡ D₂ M₁ G₂ R₂ S

[18] Western: C A F E♭ D C

[FOOTNOTEOEMI:A-1] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k OEMI:A.

[FOOTNOTEBorRao1999-2] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Bor & Rao 1999.

[Chaudhuri_2021_p._52-3] Chaudhuri, A. (2021). Finding the Raga: An Improvisation on Indian Music. Faber & Faber. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-571-37076-4. Retrieved 26 May 2021.

[ragas-4] Jump up to: ^a ^b Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications

[raganidhi-5] Jump up to: ^a ^b Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras

[8] P.Moutal, p. 462

[9] Carnatic music compositions: an index. CBH Publications. 1994. p. 129.

[FOOTNOTEOEMI:AK-10] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c OEMI:AK.

[SriRamaPattabhishekam-15] Shalimar Telugu Hindi Movies. "Sri Rama Pattabhishekam Aanapenchana Video Song NTR Sangeeta Shalimarcinema". youtube(videostreaming). Retrieved 21 July 2016.

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v Т и Джанья Рагас
A-B	Abheri Abhogi Ahiri Amritavarshini Amritha Kalyani Anandabhairavi Andolika Arabhi Asaveri Atana Bageshri Bahudari Bhairavi Bhimsen Bhupalam Bilahari Bowli
D-J	Darbar Darbari Kanada Devagandhari Dhanyasi Gambhiranata Garudadhvani Gaula Hamsadhvani Hamsanadam Hamsanandi Hindolam Jana Ranjani Jaunpuri
K-L	Kalavati Kalyanavasantam Kambhoji Kāpi Karnataka Shuddha Saveri Kathanakuthuhalam Kedaragaula Kedaram Khamas Lalitha Lavangi
M	Mahati Madhuvanti Madhyamavati Malahari Malayamarutam Mohanakalyani Mohanam Mukhari
N-R	Nada Kalyani Nagasvaravali Nata Nattakurinji Navarasa kannada Niroshta Pharaju Poornachandrika Punnagavarali Ranjani Reethigowla Revagupti Revati
S	Sahana Salaga Bhairavi Saramati Saveri Shivaranjani Sri Tyagaraja Shree ragam Shree ranjani Shuddha Saveri Sindhu Bhairavi Sunadavinodini Surutti
T-V	Thyagaraja Mangalam Tilang Udayaravichandrika (Shuddha Dhanyasi) Valaji Varali Vasantha Yadukulakamboji Yamunakalyani
Carnatic music Swaras Melakarta ragas Asampurna Melakarta ragas List of Janya ragas