Линия в жабинг и пикеринг
| Линия в жабинг и пикеринг | ||
|---|---|---|
 Глядя на юго -восток по всему Ростборо в июле 2006 года | ||
| Обзор | ||
| Статус | Закрыто | |
| Местный | Северный Йоркшир | |
| Условия |
| |
| Станции | 5 | |
| Услуга | ||
| Тип | Тяжелый рельс | |
| Оператор (ы) | Северо -восточная железная дорога Лондон Северо -Восточная железная дорога Британская железная дорога | |
| История | ||
| Открыл | 9 октября 1871–1 апреля 1875 г. (на этапах) | |
| Закрыто | 10 августа 1964 (полностью) | |
| Технический | ||
| Длина линии | 18 миль 48,7 цепочки (29,95 км) [ 1 ] | |
| Количество треков | 1 | |
| Основной датчик | 4 фута 8 + 1 ~ 2 дюйма ( 1435 мм ) | |
| Рабочая скорость | 20 миль в час (32 км/ч) перекресток епискофуза - гиллинг 30 миль в час (48 км/ч) Джиллинг - Пикеринг [ 2 ] | |
| ||
Линия Джиллинг и Пикеринг (G & P) была железнодорожной линией, которая проходила от Джиллинг до Пикеринг в Северном Йоркшире , Англия .
Линия была открыта поэтапно между 1871 и 1875 годами и связана с Thirsk и Malton Line (T & M) в Джиллинге и Железной дороге Йорка и Северной Мидленд в Пикеринге. Линия соединяла поселения Хелмсли , Киркбимурсид , Навтона , Нуннингтона и Синнингтона с другими частями северо -восточной железной дороги (NER). Закрытие пассажиров пришло 2 февраля 1953 года, с полным закрытием для всего движения 10 августа 1964 года.
История 1864–1913
[ редактировать ]Северо -Восточная железная дорога впервые представила планы линии через Райдейл в Хелмсли в 1864 году. Они были отклонены, а другие компании, пытающиеся протолкнуть железные дороги через район (Ryedale Railway Company и Лидс, Северный Йоркшир и Durham Railway (LNYD). ) Нер чувствовал себя вынужденным действовать. [ 3 ] Компании NER и Ryedale представили планы своих железных дорог, но обе усилия были побеждены в парламенте. В конечном итоге Ryedale и NER достигли соглашения, согласно которому NER построит свою линию в Пикеринг через Хелмсли, и Ryedale будет компенсирована суммой 11 000 фунтов стерлингов за расходы, которые он произошел. [ 4 ]
План Райдейла включал линию от Джиллинг -севера до Хелмсли до Стоуксли и Торнаби с треугольным соединением в Гароме, где восточная рука проходила через киркбимурсид [ Примечание 1 ] [ 5 ] и обход Пикеринг на прямом пути в Скарборо . Кроме того, он предложил филиал, идущий на север от Киркбимурсида и толкнувшись в Фарндейл. [ 6 ] Оба предложения о северном оружии железной дороги Райдейл включали туннелирование и значительное количество переворотов ( только ветвь Фарндейл был предложен, чтобы пересечь реку Голубь 73 раза за десять миль). [ 4 ] не будет никакой кривой на север -восток В конце концов, NER, застрявший по своему собственному плану 1864 года с двумя незначительными корректировками, в Cawton (где T & M и G & P встретились в парламентском перекрестке), и поэтому не пробегает из Ховингема и оригинала Намерение состояло в том, что линия войдет в Пикеринг с севера, чтобы позволить бегу в Скарборо на том, что должно было стать линейкой долины Фордж . [ 6 ]
Первый участок линии, который будет завершен, был в октябре 1871 года, когда была установлена кривая на юг на восток (епискофуза до Санбека) от главной линии в Раскальфилке, чтобы позволить поездам пробежаться в Йорк. [ 7 ] Это было представлено в качестве множества предложений в парламент в 1865 году в качестве Закона о Пелау и других филиалах. Он получил королевское согласие в июне 1865 года. [ 8 ] После этого линия была построена поэтапно; Gilling To Helmsley в 1871 году (открываясь в тот же день, что и новая кривая в Раскальфилке), Хелмсли в Кирбимурсид в 1874 году и Кирбимурсид в Пикеринг в 1875 году. [ 9 ] Восточная часть линии вошла в Пикеринг с юга и связан с линией Йорка и Северной Мидленд от Риллингтона и линии долины Фордж на перекрестке под названием Милл -лейн. [10]
The line left Gilling station in an easterly direction for 2 miles (3.2 km) before diverging from the T&M route and going due north to Nunnington and then north westerly to Helmsley.[11] At Helmsley the line curved almost 180 degrees to go east across the southern edge of the North Yorkshire Moors and calling at Nawton, Kirkbymoorside and Sinnington.[12]
The line was single throughout with passing loops in Helmsley and Kirbymoorside stations. There was a small section of double track (0.25 miles (0.40 km)[13] as the line converged with the other railways at Mill Lane Junction in Pickering.[10] The line had three major earthworks; Riseborough Cutting, Caulkeys Bank Cutting and Kirkdale Viaduct. The engineering for this line was far heavier than the T&M line.[14]
History 1914–1964
[edit]Services on the G&P line went through to York via the east to south curve onto the East Coast Main Line near to Raskelf. These services became the backbone of both the G&P and the T&M lines when the passenger service on the T&M line was cut back to serve just between Malton and Gilling in 1914.[15] After this date, services leaving and arriving at Gilling from the T&M line would dovetail with those on the G&P service to and from York. Because of the nature of the lines leaving Gilling to the east and the near dead-on departure times for both lines being the same, races between trains going east were not uncommon, despite not being officially sanctioned by the company.[16]
Timetabled passenger workings on the T&M line were stopped altogether in January 1931, which left the G&P service operating alone from Pickering to York. However, one service a day at this time ran through to Pilmoor and there was an additional unadvertised afternoon working for schoolchildren.[17] During the Second World War, passenger traffic was sparse, with just two out-and-back workings from Pickering. One of these went all the way to York, and the other terminated at Alne with onward connections to York. By October 1950, the timetable had three through workings between York and Pickering, but not all services stopped at all of the stations on the East Coast Main Line.[18] All stations on the line between Bishophouse Junction and Mill Lane junction continued to be called at by trains, with the exception of Ampleforth, which closed in 1950.[19]
All of the stations on the line were closed to passengers on 2 February 1953, however, because there was no Sunday service on the line, the last trains running on the previous Saturday (31 January 1953).[20] Most of the stations stayed open for goods services. Excursions, ramblers specials and summer seaside trips were commonplace after closure to passengers, with the last official passenger working being a special worked in conjunction with the opening of the BMEWS base at RAF Fylingdales in November 1963. The section between Kirbymoorside and Pickering was closed to all traffic in the same month as the passenger service,[21] although a small section at Pickering was retained as a headshunt for a gas works on the western side of the line.[22] Tracklifting was carried out between Kirbymoorside and Pickering soon after closure and this left Kirbymoorside as a terminus until all the Ryedale lines were closed completely in 1964.[23]
Working the line
[edit]
In its initial stages of opening, the station at Helmsley had an engine shed which would haul the first and last services of the day to and from that station. Likewise, when the line opened up to Kirbymoorside, the locomotive would travel to there to start the first morning train. When the railway opened up all the way to Pickering, the NER removed the shed[24] and traction was supplied from Pickering or York.[25]
Helmsley and Kirbymoorside stations were the only ones to have passing loops with two platforms (although Nawton did possess a non-platformed loop which was described as an 'open siding'). The loops would only be used if trains needed to pass each other; if there was no requirement for trains to pass, then the westernmost track at Helmsley[26] and the northernmost track at Kirkbymoorside (which were adjacent to the main station buildings at both stations) would be used instead regardless of the direction that the train was travelling in.[10]
Signal boxes were located at (west to east); Gilling, Helmsley, Kirbymoorside and Goslip Bridge (Pickering).[12] Signalling on the line was a mixture of electronic token, staff and ticket and the one engine in steam principle.[2] Gradually, all of the line was converted to electronic token particularly after one incident at Kirbymoorside when a train arrived from Helmsley going east with a staff for the Helmsley to Gilling section.[27] Electric token working was introduced across the line in stages between 1924 and 1933.[28]
All of the stations on the line had cattle docks and coal drops. The line was chiefly used for the forwarding of agricultural produce and cattle to the markets outside of Ryedale.[29]
In 1896, services on the line amounted to five in each direction with an additional down service (towards Pickering) on Thursdays. Sundays were left with no passenger workings.[30] By 1906 the services on this line had been reduced to four each way with an additional Thursdays only working from Pickering.[31] In 1934, three years after the passenger service on the T&M line had ceased, the services were back up to being five daily out and back runs between Pickering and York.[32] In the war years, the service was reduced to two daily through trains[33] that would be simple out and back workings, with crews changing over trains in the Coxwold station loop.[34]
Stations
[edit]Five stations were constructed along the line and the table below lists the locations of each station. Gilling was constructed as part of the T&M line and Pickering as part of the Y & NMR.
| Name | Coordinates | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Nunnington | 54°12′10.9″N 1°00′19.3″W / 54.203028°N 1.005361°W | Post of Station Master at Nunnington dispensed with in 1926. Thereafter it came under the responsibility of Helmsley.[35] |
| Helmsley | 54°14′38.7″N 1°03′09.2″W / 54.244083°N 1.052556°W | Timber was the main traffic from here. A standard gauge line left just before the station to go to Duncombe Park; additionally another narrow gauge line was used to transport timber. The station was furnished with five waiting rooms at the behest of the Feversham family (owners of the Duncombe Park Estate);[36] one each for Ladies and gentleman of First Class, one each for ladies and gentleman of Second Class and one final room for others[37] |
| Nawton | 54°15′09.3″N 0°59′26.6″W / 54.252583°N 0.990722°W | Possessed a passing loop which was severed at the Kirbymoorside end of the station to provide a long siding.[38] |
| Kirbymoorside | 54°15′56.5″N 0°55′48.4″W / 54.265694°N 0.930111°W | Was the busiest station on the line in terms of passenger numbers – a peak of 29,000 passengers in 1909.[39] |
| Sinnington | 54°15′23.1″N 0°51′28.4″W / 54.256417°N 0.857889°W | Passenger numbers were low at this station particularly towards the end of the line's life. Buses went right into the village whereas the station was south of the village and the A170 road.[40] |
Goods traffic
[edit]Two main sidings to goods terminals existed on the line; Duncombe Park just west of Helmsley and Spaunton Quarry just west of Sinnington.[12] Timber was the commodity from Duncombe Park as it had extensive woodlands and during 1918 in particular, there was a timber shortage. A 3-mile (4.8 km) siding was laid which went westwards from Helmsley station (which also had exchange sidings in the station yard). The siding fell into disuse in the 1930s.[30] Timber was an important traffic on other stations on the line too; Nunnington, Kirbymoorside and Sinnington were kept busy with sending timber out by rail.[41]
Spaunton Quarry was started in 1928 and a 1930 agreement with the LNER provided a siding into Sinnington station facing eastwards. The siding was worked by the Pickering bound goods which would halt at Sinnington and reverse into the siding. The track was not maintained to a good standard and after a number of derailments, the siding was not used from February 1948.[42]
The line had a small siding at Harome between Nunnington and Helmsley which was installed in 1880. Originally the local population campaigned for a station, but it was never built. The siding was of a short length (41 yards (37 m)) which could fit five standard length wagons and was just one line with a junction facing towards Gilling. Whenever traffic was to be forwarded, the farmers in the area would need to contact Helmsley to allow the pick-up goods train to call at the siding.[43]
The open moorland above Helmsley was ideal for the training of tank crews with the added benefit that Helmsley station had an end loading dock. Tank trains were generally weekly, though this would sometimes be as much as thrice weekly. Loading and unloading was performed at night, with soldiers standing on either side of the flat wagons onto which the tanks were being driven; they would smoke cigarettes so that the light given off would guide the tank drivers.[44]
Nawton station was particularly busy for such a small station. It forwarded fruit to many destinations and was used to store sugar and was a trans-shipment point for the storage of barley at the former airfield at RAF Wombleton just south of the station.[45] When RAF Wombleton airfield was being constructed, trains of slag would be run specially (from Teesside) into Nunnington station for onward transport to the airfield site. Thirteen trains ran between the 7 June and 21 July 1943 with the LNER providing a shunting locomotive at Nunnington station. The slag was loaded onto lorries using the coal drops.[46]
Cattle was forwarded in great numbers from both Helmsley and Kirbymoorside stations, with sheep being of importance at Kirbymoorside. The last special train of sheep ran from Kirbymoorside in 1952.[47]
Accidents and incidents
[edit]- On 26 November 1875, a train derailed travelling from Gilling to Nunnington.[48]
- In February 1948, the trackwork at Spaunton Quarry collapsed under a locomotive which left all wheels of the engine touching the ground.[42]
Lastingham & Rosedale Light Railway
[edit]At various times after 1896 when the Light Railways Act 1896 (59 & 60 Vict. c. 48) came into being, proposals were put forward by the Lastingham & Rosedale Light Railway Company to build a line northwards from the G&P Line. The track was supposed to leave just west of Sinnington with a west to north facing junction, proceed 8 miles (13 km) up the valley to Lastingham and Rosedale with the eventual intent of connecting with the Rosedale Ironstone Railway.[49][50] Parliament granted assent with subsequent amendments to the bill and work did start in 1902, but it soon ground to a halt and the railway was never completed.[51][52]
Post closure
[edit]Removal of the lines started in March 1965 and was complete by August of the same year.[53] Whilst many of the former buildings have been converted (especially into private dwellings) the former station building at Kirbymoorside was used by an agricultural engineering firm for many years.[10] The building was demolished in April 2010 to make way for a new housing estate.[54]
Ryedale District Council have suggested that the section of trackbed between Helmsley and Kirkbymoorside could be used as a cycle path/greenway.[55] The section just east of Kirkbymoorside adjacent to Kirkby Mills was used when the A170 road was re-sited to the south of the town between 1962 and 1964, to avoid the twisting section through the village of Keldholme.[56][57][10][58]
Notes
[edit]- ^ The town of Kirkbymoorside is spelt as shown. The railway station had varying degrees of other spellings (Kirby-moorside being one) but they mostly omitted the second 'K'. When referring to the NER/LNER/BR railway station on the G&P line, the spelling has been left as Kirbymoorside.
References
[edit]- ^ Howat 2004, p. 14.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Chapman 2008, p. 104.
- ^ Howat 1988, p. 5.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Howat 1988, p. 6.
- ^ Howat 1988, p. i.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Howat 1988, p. 7.
- ^ Weaver Tomlinson, William. "The North Eastern Railway; its rise and development". Internet Archive. p. 647. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
- ^ "Journals of the House of Commons" (PDF). Parliament.uk. 1865. p. 385. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
- ^ Hoole 1974, p. 90.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Hoole 1983, p. 13.
- ^ Hoole 1983, p. 14.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Howat 1988, p. 2.
- ^ Hoole 1983, p. 15.
- ^ Howat 2004, pp. 12–13.
- ^ Suggitt 2005, p. 102.
- ^ Howat 1988, p. 15.
- ^ "To Pickering via Gilling". Railway Magazine. Vol. 99, no. 624. April 1953. pp. 233–234. ISSN 0033-8923.
- ^ "Bradshaws file 40/61". The Helmsley Archive. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
- ^ Howat 1988, p. 12.
- ^ "To Pickering via Gilling". Railway Magazine. Vol. 99, no. 624. April 1953. p. 234. ISSN 0033-8923.
- ^ "End of the line 40 years on". Gazette and Herald. 4 August 2004. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
- ^ Chapman 2008, p. 101.
- ^ Catford, Nick. "Nunnington". Disused Stations. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
- ^ Howat 2004, p. 32.
- ^ Howat 1988, p. 40.
- ^ Young 2015, p. 78.
- ^ Howat 1988, p. 36.
- ^ Howat 1988, p. 37.
- ^ Howat 2004, pp. 12–40.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Young 2015, p. 80.
- ^ "North Eastern Railway Timetable 1906". Internet Archive. 160. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ "LNER Timetable 1934". Internet Archive. 154. p. 35. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ "Bradshaws Timetable 1328; 1944". Internet Archive. p. 979. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
- ^ Hoole 1977, p. 49.
- ^ Howat 2004, p. 28.
- ^ Young 2015, p. 77.
- ^ Howat 2004, p. 30.
- ^ Howat 2004, p. 34.
- ^ Howat 1988 , p. 32
- ^ Howat 2004 , p. 40
- ^ Howat 1988 , p. 29
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Howat 1988 , p. 35
- ^ Howat 1988 , p. 26
- ^ Howat 1988 , p. 39
- ^ Howat 2004 , с. 34–35.
- ^ Howat 1988 , p. 41
- ^ Howat 1988 , p. 33.
- ^ «Авария в Gilling - Nunnington 26 ноября 1875 года» . Архив железной дороги . Получено 17 августа 2016 года .
- ^ Грант, Дональд Дж. (2017). Справочник железнодорожных компаний Великобритании . Кибворт Бошан: Матадор. п. 304. ISBN 9781785893537 .
- ^ «Уполномоченные из легких железных дорог - май 1899 года; Лайтингам и Розедейл Световая железная дорога» (PDF) . Газета . 30 мая 1899 г. с. 3439 . Получено 19 августа 2016 года .
- ^ Чепмен 2008 , с. 8
- ^ Грант, Дональд Дж. (2017). Справочник железнодорожных компаний Великобритании . п. 304. ISBN 978-1788037686 .
- ^ Брайан, Ханна (6 августа 2014 г.). «Пятьдесят лет с тех пор, как большинство железных дорог Ридейла закрылись» . Gazette & Herald . Получено 17 августа 2016 года .
- ^ «Конец линии для железнодорожной станции Киркбимурсида» . Gazette & Herald . Получено 18 августа 2016 года .
- ^ «Специальные качества изучение рыночных городов Ryedale» (PDF) . План Ryedale . Районный совет Райдейл. Июль 2010. С. 96. Архивировано из оригинала (PDF) 2 февраля 2017 года . Получено 18 августа 2016 года .
- ^ «Специальные качества изучение рыночных городов Ryedale» (PDF) . План Ryedale . Районный совет Райдейл. Июль 2010. С. 23. Архивировано из оригинала (PDF) 2 февраля 2017 года . Получено 18 августа 2016 года .
- ^ «Полный список конверсий» . Железнодорожная дорожка . Архивировано с оригинала 26 марта 2016 года . Получено 18 августа 2016 года .
- ^ Хул, К (1978). Железные дороги в северо -восточном ландшафте . Хассокс: Джон Спирс. п. 68. ISBN 0-85527-075-6 .
Библиография
[ редактировать ]- Берджесс, Нил (2011). Потерянные железные дороги северного езды Йоркшира . Stenlake Publishing. ISBN 9781840335552 .
- Чепмен, Стивен (2008). Йорк в Скарборо, Уитби и Райдейл . Bellcode книги. ISBN 9781871233 19 3 .
- Хул, Кен (1974). Региональная история железных дорог Великобритании; Том 4 - Северо -Восток . Дэвид и Чарльз. ISBN 0 7153 6439 1 .
- Хул, Кен (1977). Железные дороги в Йоркшире 3; Северная езда . Dalesman Publishing. ISBN 0 85206 418 7 .
- Хул, Кен (1983). Железные дороги Северных Йоркширских мавров . Dalesman Publishing. ISBN 0 85206 731 3 .
- Ховат, Патрик (1988). Железные дороги Райдейла и Долины Моубрей . Хендон издательство. ISBN 0 86067 111 9 .
- Ховат, Патрик (2004). Железные дороги Райдейла . Bairstow Publishing. ISBN 1-871944-29-5 .
- Саггитт, Гордон (2005). Потерянные железные дороги Северного и Восточного Йоркшира . Сельские книги. ISBN 978-1-85306-918-5 .
- Янг, Алан (2015). Потерянные станции Йоркшира; Северные и Восточные гостины . Silverlink Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85794-453-2 .
