Шоу зуда и царапина
Зуд и царапай | |
---|---|
Симпсоны персонажей | |
![]() Заглавная карта для шоу Itchy & Scracky с участием Itchy (слева) и Scrichy (справа) | |
Первое появление | Шоу Барта Симпсона (20 ноября 1988 года ) |
Создан | Мэтт Гронинг |
Озвученным | Зуд : и кастеланета Странство : Гарри Ширер |
Информация во власти | |
Разновидность | Зуд : домашняя мышь Странство : смокинг -кот |
Шоу Itchy & Scracky (часто сокращается как Itchy & Scracky ) - вымышленный анимационный сериал, представленный на Simpsons . В мультфильме изображена голубая мышь по имени Итчи, и черная кошка по имени Скретно, которая неоднократно вылечит или убивает друг друга (чаще всего зудит, пытаясь убить и искалечить). Обычно он представлен как наброски от 15 до 60 секунд , которые являются частью Krusty The Clown шоу . Itchy & Scracky заполнен графическим насилием, которое почти всегда вызывает смех от персонажей Симпсонов , особенно Барта и Лизы .
Зудные и цепные персонажи-чрезвычайно жестокие и кровавые пародии на мультфильмы кошки и мыши, такие как Том и Джерри , Херман и Катнип , Кит 'Н' Кабудл , а также Пикси, Дикси и мистер Джинкс . Итальянский комикс скрипит мышь также считается вдохновением для персонажей. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
Мультфильм впервые появился на Tracey Ullman Show шоу «Шоу Барта Симпсона», которое вышло в эфир в 1988 году. Первое появление мультфильма в Симпсонах было в эпизоде 1990 года, « нет ни позора, как дом ». Мультфильмы стали популярными среди писателей и аниматоров шоу, и их часто добавляют, когда эпизод нуждается в расширении. Несколько полных эпизодов были сосредоточены на вымышленном производстве Itchy & Scracky , таких как « Itchy & Scracky & Marge ».
Роль в Симпсонах
[ редактировать ]Шоу Itchy & Scracky - это шоу в шоу , которое иногда появляется в эпизодах Симпсонов . Они появляются в форме мультфильмов длиной от 15 до 60 секунд, которые заполнены графическим насилием, обычно инициируемыми мышью против кошки с Среша, а первые почти всегда являются победителем. [ 5 ] Itchy & Scracky Airs в качестве сегмента на Krusty The Clown шоу , а также вышла в эфир на его кратких заменах, Sideshow Bob кавалькада прихоти и Габбо . [ 6 ] Itchy & Scrichy в основном выходит в эфир как отдельное шоу, а не сегмент в некоторых эпизодах, таких как « В Мардж, мы доверяем » ( сезон 8 , 1997).
Itchy & Scracky, как правило, является пародией на традиционные мультфильмы или взлеты на известных фильмах, но сюжет и содержание всегда являются жестокими и кровавыми, с зудящими, совершающими неспровоцированные акты графического насилия и убийства в отличие от большинства классических мультфильмов. Самым прямым и очевидным примером является Том и Джерри , анимационный сериал, который также был о постоянной битве между кошкой и мышью, с мышью обычно победительными, хотя в Itchy & Scracky мышь действует как антагонист. Itchy & Scracky также включает в себя такие шорты, как Scratchtasia , пародия на Fantasia и Pinitchio , пародия на Pinocchio . [ 7 ] В сериале распространены шутки, связанные с анимацией, такие как мультфильм «Манхэттенский безумие» в « День, когда насилие умерло », который основан на очень ранних анимированных мультфильмах, таких как Герти Динозавр . [ 8 ] Карикатуры также иногда служат, чтобы разыграть преувеличенную форму конфликта в окружающем эпизоде. Например, в « Deep Space Homer » ( пятый сезон 1994) Гомер набирается НАСА , а затем смотрит на мультфильм «зуд» и «Скрипкий» , который напрямую (и ужасно) пародирует фильмы 2001: «Космическая одиссея и инопланетянин» . [ 9 ]
Вымышленная история производства
[ редактировать ]Несколько полных эпизодов Симпсонов были сосредоточены на вымышленной истории производства шоу Itchy & Scracky . Это начинается с того, что Честер Дж. Лампвик создает зуд мыши для ныне потерянного безумного мультфильма Манхэттена , в котором зуд жестоко атакует и убивает ирландца и Теодора Рузвельта в 1919 году (год первого мультфильма «Феликса» ). Тем не менее, персонаж был позже украден Роджером Мейерсом. [ 10 ] Скретно снялся в своем первом мультфильме в 1928 году под названием «Счастливый кот» . Фильм, анимация длиной 13 секунд, показывающая, как кошка насвистает и опрокидывая его шляпу, был коммерческим провалом. Позже в том же году Itchy и Scracy снялись в своем первом мультфильме вместе под названием Steamboat Itchy , насильственной пародией на Диснея пароход Вилли . [ 11 ] Наряду с мультипликационными шортами, Itchy и Scrichy были представлены во Второй мировой войне - радио -сериале, [ 12 ] По крайней мере, два фильма ( Pinitchio и Scracttasia, которые являются пародиями Pinocchio и Fantasia , соответственно), [ 13 ] и телевизионные рекламные ролики для сигарет Ларами. [ 14 ]
Itchy & Scracky Studios управляет Роджер Мейерс -младший, сын Роджера Мейерса, предполагаемого создателя мультфильмов. Студия была обанкротилась после того, как Лэмпвик был подан в суд на 800 миллионов долларов, когда он был представлял Лионель Хатц , но был спасен после получения большого расчета правительства в связи с использованием г -на Зипа . [ 10 ] Шоу прошло краткое, ненасильственное переоборудование после кампании по протесту, возглавляемой Мардж Симпсоном насильственному формату после того, как Мардж позже был дискредитирован после защиты демонстрации Микеланджело Дэвида , но оно вернулось к своему первоначальному в Спрингфилде перед лицом общественного возражения. [ 15 ] Itchy & Scracky породил -выдающаяся премию «Оскар» кино [ 11 ] Парки развлечений, [ 13 ] и мюзикл; [ 16 ] И, как и шоу Krusty, локализованные версии производятся для других стран, таких как Yamaica's The Ischem и Scratchem Blow . [ 17 ]
Персонажи
[ редактировать ]Показаны в Itchy & Scrichy
[ редактировать ]- Зуд мышь (озвученная Дэном Кастелланетой ) и царапина кота (озвученная Гарри Ширером ) являются главными героями в шоу. Дуэт впервые появился на Tracey Ullman Show шоу "The Bart Simpson Show", которое транслировалось 20 ноября 1988 года; Стиль исполнения в то время был похож на Тома и Джерри . Их первым появлением в Симпсонах было « нет позора, как дом ». [ 18 ] Зуд - голубая мышь и злодейский герой шоу; Он почти всегда преуспевает в своих неустанных попытках ввести в калеку или убийство скребки и любых других кошек вокруг. Скретно-это резкий, смутный черный кот и вечная жертва жестоких действий Итчи; В отличие от и Тома Джерри , Скрики редко противодействует мышью, чтобы спровоцировать его каким -либо образом.
- Poochie (озвученным Дэном Кастелланетой , когда озвучил Гомер Симпсон, Алекс Рокко , когда он озвучил Роджер Мейерс -младший), - это оранжевая собака, которая появилась в « Шоу зуда и царапина и пучи » ( восьмой сезон , 1997). В этом эпизоде продюсеры The Stchy & Scracky Show полагали, что мультфильмы становятся несвежими, и нуждались в новом персонаже, чтобы оживить шоу. Гомер Симпсон получает работу по озвучке Пучи, представленного в мультфильме, «Бигл приземлился». Продукт мышления департамента маркетинга, Poochie был почти универсально презирается из-за вмешательства в графическое насилие, и был навсегда убит во втором выступлении, несмотря на возражения Гомера. Эпизод был как ссылкой на телешоу, в которых новые персонажи якобы оживляли шоу, и комментарий к растущим жалобам поклонников Симпсонов . Первоначальная идея для этого эпизода заключалась в том, что Poochie был бы неприятным, потому что он был таким богатым, а не потому, что он был таким крутым. [19] Poochie would later make brief speaking cameo appearances in "Treehouse of Horror IX", "Little Big Mom", and "The Nightmare After Krustmas".[19][20]
Production staff
[edit]- Roger Meyers Jr. (voiced by Alex Rocco in 1990, 1996–1997, Hank Azaria in 1993–1994) is the Chairman of the Board of Itchy & Scratchy Studios and son of Roger Meyers.[15] He first appeared in "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge" (season two, 1990). He distributes the cartoon and is a jaded and selfish businessman who has nothing but contempt for his audience.[21] He has an extremely callous personality; he only cares about people who can help him. This is displayed in his contempt for the writers of The Itchy & Scratchy Show.[22] Alex Rocco also voiced Meyers in "The Day the Violence Died" and "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show". He said that he liked voicing Meyers because "I get to be a big-shot."[23] He professed being nervous when voicing the character for the first time in "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge" because he said that he had never done a voice-over before. At first he tried doing a special voice, but was told to "just be yourself."[23] Rocco was one of Bill Oakley's and Josh Weinstein's favorite guest stars, and they liked including him in their episodes so they could "have a little fun with him."[8] On occasions when Rocco was unavailable to do a voice over, Meyers was voiced by Hank Azaria in "The Front" (season four, 1993), "Lady Bouvier's Lover" (season five, 1994) and "Itchy & Scratchy Land" (season six, 1994).[24] The spelling of Meyers' name has been inconsistent in the show. His last name was spelled both Myers and Meyers in "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge", and Myers the later episode "The Day the Violence Died".[10][15] His name is spelled Meyers in "The Front", as well as in the book The Simpsons: A Complete Guide to Our Favorite Family.[22][25]
- Roger Meyers Sr. first appeared in video footage in "Itchy & Scratchy Land" and has never had a speaking role. He was created because the writers felt it would have been "tortured logic" to have the Roger Meyers Jr. be the creator.[8] Roger Meyers Sr. has similarities to Walt Disney.[26] For example, Disney's alleged antisemitism is spoofed when it is revealed that Meyers made a cartoon called Nazi Supermen are Our Superiors.[27]
- June Bellamy (voiced by Tress MacNeille in her normal voice, Dan Castellaneta in her Itchy voice, Harry Shearer in her Scratchy voice, Julie Kavner in her Disapproving Squirrel voice) is the actress who portrays both Itchy and Scratchy. Her only appearance was in "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show". She is presumably a reference to veteran voice actress June Foray, who also voiced several male characters, notably Rocky the Flying Squirrel. In actuality, Itchy and Scratchy are voiced by two different men rather than one woman.[19]
- Chester J. Lampwick (voiced by Kirk Douglas) is the creator of Itchy and only appeared in "The Day the Violence Died". The producers' first choice for the character, William Hickey, declined.[8] Douglas's recording session was fraught with interruptions because he refused to wear the supplied earphones and said the maximum he would do was two takes.[28]
- In several episodes revolving around the production of Itchy & Scratchy, caricatures of The Simpsons' staff are used as the writing staff of Itchy & Scratchy. This first occurred in "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge" where caricatures of animators David Silverman, Wes Archer, and Rich Moore can be seen.[29] In "The Front" many of the show's writers were used, this in-joke was purely an idea of the animators. John Swartzwelder, George Meyer, Jeff Martin, Al Jean, Sam Simon, Jon Vitti, and Mike Reiss all appeared in the episode.[24] This joke returned in "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show". Almost all of the writers shown are caricatures of the actual staff of The Simpsons. At the production table, David X. Cohen, Bill Oakley, and Josh Weinstein are shown, while Meyer speaks out and gets fired. The animator shown designing Poochie is Silverman. Others who appear include Dan McGrath, Ian Maxtone-Graham, Donick Cary, Ron Hauge, Ned Goldreyer, and Mike Scully.[19]
Background
[edit]Origins
[edit]
The Itchy & Scratchy Show first appeared in The Tracey Ullman Show short "The Bart Simpson Show", which originally aired November 20, 1988. They were the first major recurring characters outside of the Simpson family to appear.[30] As a child, series creator Matt Groening and his friends would fantasize about an ultra-violent cartoon and how much fun it would be to work on a show like that.[18][31] The names "Itchy" and "Scratchy" were inspired by Pixie and Dixie, which was a segment on the cartoon show The Huckleberry Hound Show.[31] The comic strip Squeak the Mouse is also considered an apparent inspiration for the characters.[1][2][3][4] As a child, Groening really liked the 1961 Disney film One Hundred and One Dalmatians, and it was one of the reasons to why he got into cartooning.[32] In the film, the puppies watch television, and the idea of having a cartoon within a cartoon thrilled Groening. From that idea he got the inspiration for Itchy & Scratchy.[32]
David Silverman states that Itchy and Scratchy cartoons are "an ironic commentary on cartoon mayhem in the sense that it's taken to a more realistic level. The kids on The Simpsons are laughing at it, and we're laughing too, but part of what you're laughing at is the over-the-top excessiveness of the violence."[33]
Development
[edit]"Over the years, we have gotten fan mail from people asking for Itchy & Scratchy to get their own spinoff, and you know, more Itchy & Scratchy, so we put together a montage of Itchy & Scratchy moments, that is several minutes long, and I've shown it to audiences and they get stunned after a minute and a half."
Originally in their first few appearances Scratchy, much like his Tom and Jerry counterpart was portrayed as the aggressor although this would be phased out later on. Itchy & Scratchy cartoons are often added when a show needs expanding or when there is an issue that the writers wish to satirize.[34][35] In some cases, notably in "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show", the writers use Itchy & Scratchy as a way to comment on The Simpsons.[19] The shorts are often difficult for the writers, and take much time to develop and devise a title, and in the end they fill little time.[36] Writing the Itchy & Scratchy cartoons is quite often a group effort, with it being pitched out one gag after another.[37] Itchy & Scratchy are a favorite of John Swartzwelder, who has written many of the episodes that center on them and quite often pitches the ideas for the shorts.[36] In the early seasons, fans wanted more Itchy & Scratchy, so the writers decided to do "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge", an episode that dealt with censorship issues which would allow them to show several cartoons.[29] The cartoons are often kept short, because according to David Silverman, "it doesn't really work as a long cartoon."[33]
During David Mirkin's tenure as showrunner (season five and six), he was asked by the Fox network not to do any more Itchy & Scratchy cartoons due to the amount of violence in them. In response, the show produced "Itchy & Scratchy Land". The network asked them not to do the episode, and threatened that if the episode was produced, they would cut the Itchy & Scratchy parts out themselves, but relented when Mirkin threatened to tell the media. The writers nevertheless promised to try not to overdo the violence and in some scenes the violence was cut.[26]
During their tenure as executive producers, Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein tried to fit in one episode relating to Itchy & Scratchy every season. They note that as the seasons progressed, it became increasingly difficult for them to create new Itchy & Scratchy episode ideas.[8] Although the episode was difficult to animate, "Itchy & Scratchy Land" was "a dream come true" for the animators, as they enjoyed animating scenes filled with violence.[38]
Other appearances
[edit]Itchy and Scratchy have appeared in various products and other media relating to The Simpsons.
The Itchy & Scratchy Game was released for Game Gear and Super NES, a version for the Sega Genesis was also developed but was never commercially released.[39] Itchy & Scratchy in Miniature Golf Madness, was released for Game Boy.[40] Itchy, Scratchy and Poochie play roles in the "Grand Theft Scratchy" section in The Simpsons Game.[41]
Itchy and Scratchy have also appeared in commercials for various products, including a 1999 Butterfinger advert where Bart watches a short called "500 Easy Pieces".[42]
They appear in the first scene of The Simpsons Movie. The writers of the film knew from the beginning that they were going to start with an Itchy & Scratchy short and the segment was the first scene that was storyboarded by the animators.[43]
The duo also appear in the pre-show video for The Simpsons Ride. They host a video called "Safety First" that shows riders what can happen to them if they do not follow ride requirements.[44]
Outside of The Simpsons, Itchy & Scratchy also appear in one of the last scenes of Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai.[45]
Reception
[edit]Critical response
[edit]In his 2004 book Planet Simpson, author Chris Turner describes Itchy & Scratchy as "by far the most gleeful visual riffing on The Simpsons [...] each snippet of "Itchy & Scratchy" packs as much frenetically paced action, sight-gaggery, and physical humor into its half-minute of screen time as a half-dozen Road Runner cartoons and a dozen Tom & Jerrys."[5]
In 2007, Vanity Fair named "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show" the sixth-best episode in the show's history, describing it as "a classic satire of network influence, obsessed TV fans, and programs that survive long after the shark has been jumped, the episode is a meta-celebration, a tongue-in-cheek rebuttal to everyone who claimed that the quality of The Simpsons had declined over the years."[46]
Todd Gilchrist of IGN called Itchy & Scratchy a masterpiece, stating it "could easily be packaged and sold by [itself]."[47] Robert Canning of IGN wrote that "it's always fun to see an 'Itchy and Scratchy' cartoon" but believes that the shorter and simpler cartoons are better than the longer more complex ones.[48]
Popularity
[edit]In 2003, Entertainment Weekly named "Itchy & Scratchy Land" and "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show" the 7th-best and 23rd-best episodes of The Simpsons, respectively.[27]
In a 2006 article, IGN ranked Itchy & Scratchy in tenth position on their list of the "Top 25 Simpsons Peripheral Characters", citing that "the Itchy & Scratchy Show shines a nice mirror on cartoons, showing just how funny cartoon violence really is."[49]
In a 2014 Vulture article, The Simpsons writers ranked their nine favorite Itchy & Scratchy cartoons. Their choices included season 4's "Steamboat Itchy", season 14's "Bleeder of the Pack", the opening scene of The Simpsons Movie and the safety video "Safety First" that plays before The Simpsons Ride at Universal Studios.[50]
See also
[edit]- Herman and Katnip
- Conker's Bad Fur Day
- Pakdam Pakdai
- Happy Tree Friends
- Saw (film)
- Krazy Kat
- Pib and Pog
- Another
- Sausage Party
- Superjail!
- Tom and Jerry
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b Sergio Algozzino (2005). Tutt'a un tratto. Una storia della linea nel fumetto. Tunué, 2005. pp. 112–113. ISBN 978-8889613061.
- ^ Jump up to: a b The Comics Journal, Issues 280-283, Comics Journal Incorporated, 2007, p.27.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Giuseppe Pollicelli (28 August 2011), "Massimo Mattioli: il Disney del porno-horror", Libero.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Costanza Ognibeni (8 October 2010). "Incontro con Massimo Mattioli". CinemArt Magazine. Archived from the original on 20 December 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Turner 2004, pp. 33–34.
- ^ Swartzwelder, John; Silverman, David (1993-05-13). "Krusty Gets Kancelled". The Simpsons. Season 04. Episode 22. Fox.
- ^ Groening, Matt (2004). The Simpsons season 4 DVD commentary for the episode "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Oakley, Bill; Weinstein, Josh. (2005) Commentary for "The Day the Violence Died", in The Simpsons: The Complete Seventh Season [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Mirkin, David (2004). The Simpsons season 5 commentary for the episode "Deep Space Homer" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Swartzwelder, John; Archer, Wes (1996-03-17). "The Day the Violence Died". The Simpsons. Season 07. Episode 18. Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Swartzwelder, John; Moore, Rich (1992-11-03). "Itchy & Scratchy: The Movie". The Simpsons. Season 04. Episode 06. Fox.
- ^ Vitti, Jon; Kramer, Lance (2002-03-10). "The Old Man and the Key". The Simpsons. Season 13. Episode 13. Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Swartzwelder, John; Archer, Wes (1994-10-02). "Itchy & Scratchy Land". The Simpsons. Season 06. Episode 04. Fox.
- ^ Jean, Al; Anderson, Mike B. (2001-01-07). "HOMR". The Simpsons. Season 12. Episode 09. Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Swartzwelder, John; Reardon, Jim (1990-12-20). "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge". The Simpsons. Season 02. Episode 09. Fox.
- ^ Selman, Matt; Kruse, Nancy (2006-04-30). "Girls Just Want to Have Sums". The Simpsons. Season 17. Episode 19. Fox.
- ^ Cohen, Joel H; Anderson, Bob (2013-12-08). "Yellow Subterfuge". The Simpsons. Season 25. Episode 07. Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Rhodes, Joe (2000-10-21). "Flash! 24 Simpsons Stars Reveal Themselves". TV Guide.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Cohen, David X.; Groening, Matt; Moore, Steven Dean; Rocco, Alex; Smith, Yeardley; Weinstein, Josh. (2005) Commentary for "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show", in The Simpsons: The Complete Seventh Season [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Omine, Carolyn; Kirkland, Mark (2000-01-14). "Little Big Mom". The Simpsons. Season 09. Episode 10. Fox.
- ^ Cohen, David S.; Moore, Steven Dean (1997-02-09). "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show". The Simpsons. Season 08. Episode 14. Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Lapidus, Adam I.; Moore, Rich (1993-04-15). "The Front". The Simpsons. Season 04. Episode 19. Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Rocco, Alex (2006). Commentary for "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show", in The Simpsons: The Complete Eighth Season [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Groening, Matt; Jean, Al; Lapidus, Adam I.; Reiss, Mike; Moore, Rich. (2004) Commentary for "The Front", in The Simpsons: The Complete Fourth Season [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Richmond & Coffman 1997, p. 43.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Mirkin, David. (2005) Commentary for "Itchy & Scratchy Land", in The Simpsons: The Complete Sixth Season [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "The Family Dynamic". Entertainment Weekly. 2003-01-29. Archived from the original on 2007-05-10. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
- ^ Cartwright, Nancy (2000). "Spartacus!". My Life as a 10-Year-Old Boy. New York City: Hyperion. pp. 222–228. ISBN 978-0-7868-8600-5.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Groening, Matt; Jean, Al; Lapidus, Reardon, Jim; Reiss, Mike. (2002) Commentary for "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge", in The Simpsons: The Complete Second Season [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Richmond & Coffman 1997, pp. 14–15.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Groening, Matt (2002). The Simpsons season 2 DVD commentary for the episode "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Groening, Matt (2005). The Simpsons The Complete Sixth Season DVD commentary for the episode "Two Dozen and One Greyhounds" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Heintjes, Tom (2004). "The David Silverman Interview". MSNBC. Archived from the original on 2008-10-23. Retrieved 2008-12-02.
- ^ Scully, Mike (2006). The Simpsons season 9 DVD commentary for the episode "Girly Edition" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Jean, Al (2002). The Simpsons season 2 DVD commentary for the episode "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Reiss, Mike (2002). The Simpsons season 2 DVD commentary for the episode "Itchy & Scratchy & Marge" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Groening, Matt (2006). The Simpsons season 9 DVD commentary for the episode "Girly Edition" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Archer, Wes. (2005) Commentary for "Itchy & Scratchy Land", in The Simpsons: The Complete Sixth Season [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.
- ^ "The Itchy and Scratchy Game". IGN. Archived from the original on 2007-10-17. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
- ^ "Itchy and Scratchy in Miniature Golf Madness". IGN. Archived from the original on 2007-10-17. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
- ^ Saltzman, Mark (2007-10-25). "'Simpsons' game delivers big laughs for devoted fans". USA Today. Archived from the original on 2009-04-23. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
- ^ (2007) Commercials–Butterfinger, in The Simpsons: The Complete Tenth Season [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Brooks, James L.; Groening, Matt; Jean, Al; Scully, Mike; Silverman, David; Castellaneta, Dan; Smith, Yeardley. (2007). Commentary for The Simpsons Movie [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.
- ^ Bevil, DeWayne (2008-04-29). "New Simpsons Ride gives Universal Studios patrons a taste of Springfield". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the original on 2010-03-27. Retrieved 2008-04-28.
- ^ "The Hip-Hop Bushido Code of "Ghost Dog: Way of the Samurai"". The Spool. 18 January 2020. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
- ^ Orvted, John (2007-09-22). "Springfield's Best". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 2009-05-30. Retrieved 2007-07-13.
- ^ Gilchrist, Todd (2006-09-22). "The Simpsons — The Complete Eighth Season". IGN.com. Archived from the original on 2007-10-17. Retrieved 2007-07-31.
- ^ Canning, Robert (2008-12-01). "The Simpsons: "Mypods and Boomsticks" Review". IGN. Archived from the original on 2008-12-05. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
- ^ Eric Goldman, Dan Iverson, Brian ZoghrhwerhhjR5Jromski (2006-09-06). "Top 25 Simpsons Peripheral Characters". IGN. Archived from the original on 2007-08-19. Retrieved 2007-06-08.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Adalian, Josef (March 27, 2014). "The Simpsons' Writers Pick Their Favorite 'Itchy & Scratchy' Cartoons". Vulture. Archived from the original on March 27, 2014. Retrieved March 28, 2014.
- Bibliography
- Groening, Matt (1997). Richmond, Ray; Coffman, Antonia (eds.). The Simpsons: A Complete Guide to Our Favorite Family (1st ed.). New York: HarperPerennial. ISBN 978-0-06-095252-5. LCCN 98141857. OCLC 37796735. OL 433519M.
- Turner, Chris (2004). Planet Simpson: How a Cartoon Masterpiece Documented an Era and Defined a Generation. Foreword by Douglas Coupland. (1st ed.). Toronto: Random House Canada. ISBN 978-0-679-31318-2. OCLC 55682258.
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