Нэмор

Нэмор-подводник
Бестекстовый вариант обложки Sub-Mariner (2007) №1. Искусство Майкла Тернера .
Информация о публикации
Издатель	Комиксы Марвел
First appearance	Motion Picture Funnies Weekly #1 (uncirculated) Marvel Comics #1 (October 1939)
Created by	Bill Everett
In-story information
Full name	Namor McKenzie
Species	Human mutant / Atlantean hybrid
Place of origin	Atlantis
Team affiliations	Avengers All-Winners Squad The Cabal Dark X-Men Defenders Defenders of the Deep Deep Six Fantastic Four Heroes for Hire/Oracle, Inc. Illuminati Invaders The Order Phoenix Five X-Men
Partnerships	Namorita Namora Dorma
Notable aliases	The Avenging Son The Sub-Mariner Namor the First King of Atlantis
Abilities	Superhuman strength, speed, durability, agility, senses, and reflexes Marine life empathy, telepathy, and control Resistance to extreme temperatures Flight via wings on his ankles Extended longevity Aquatic adaptation Electric shock Hydrokinesis Echolocation

Нэмор Маккензи ( / ˈ n eɪ m ɔːr / ), также известный как Подводник — персонаж , появляющийся в американских комиксах , изданных Marvel Comics . Созданный писателем-художником Биллом Эвереттом для производителя комиксов Funnies Inc. , персонаж впервые появился в журнале Motion Picture Funnies Weekly #1 (не в обращении). Нэмор впервые появился публично в комиксе Marvel Comics #1 ( обложка датирована октябрем 1939 года). Это был первый комикс от Timely Comics , предшественника Marvel Comics 1930–1940-х годов . В тот период, известный историкам и фанатам как Золотой век комиксов , Подводник входил в тройку лучших персонажей Таймли, наряду с Капитаном Америкой и оригинальным Человеком-факелом . Более того, Нэмора также называют первым антигероем комиксов .

Мутант , сын морского капитана и принцессы мифического подводного королевства Атлантида , Нэмор обладает сверхсилой и водными способностями расы Homo mermanus , а также способностью мутанта к полету, а также другими сверхчеловеческими способностями. На протяжении многих лет его изображали как антигероя , чередующегося между добродушным, но вспыльчивым супергероем и враждебным захватчиком, жаждущим отомстить за предполагаемые обиды, которые ввели в заблуждение жители поверхности, совершенные против его королевства. Исторически важный и относительно популярный персонаж Marvel, Нэмор напрямую служил Мстителям , Фантастической четвёрке , Захватчикам , Защитникам , Людям Икс и Иллюминатам , а также иногда выступал для них в роли контраста .

Tenoch Huerta Mejía portrays Namor in his live-action debut in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Black Panther: Wakanda Forever (2022).

Publication history

Creation

Namor was created by writer-artist Bill Everett. The character first appeared in April 1939 in the prototype for a planned giveaway comic titled Motion Picture Funnies Weekly, which was produced by the comic book packager Funnies Inc. The only eight known samples among those created to send to theater owners were discovered in the estate of the deceased publisher in 1974. Allegedly, Everett created Namor because he was informed that Carl Burgos had created the Human Torch, who can manipulate fire, and he wanted to play on the notion of "fire and water". His interest in "anything nautical, [and having] to do with the sea", also factored in Namor's creation and origin.

Everett stated that the inspiration for creating the character was Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (1798), and came up with "Namor" by writing down noble-sounding names backwards and thought Roman / Namor looked the best. He described the character as an "ultra-man of the deep [who] lives on land and in the sea, flies in the air, [and] has the strength of a thousand [surface] men". When the giveaway idea with Motion Picture Funnies Weekly fell through, Everett used the character for Marvel Comics #1, the first comic book by Funnies, Inc. client Timely Comics, predecessor of Marvel Comics. The final panel of the earlier, unpublished eight-page Sub-Mariner story had included a "Continued Next Week" box that reappeared, sans lettering, in an expanded 12-page story.

Golden Age

Namor's first cover appearance: Marvel Mystery Comics #4 (Feb. 1940). Art by Alex Schomburg.

In his first appearances Namor was an enemy of the United States. Comics historian Les Daniels noted that "Namor was a freak in the service of chaos. Although the Sub-Mariner acted like a villain, his cause had some justice, and readers reveled in his assaults on civilization. His enthusiastic fans weren't offended by the carnage he created as he wrecked everything from ships to skyscrapers." Everett's antihero would eventually battle Carl Burgos' android superhero, the Human Torch, when in 1940 Namor threatened to sink the island of Manhattan underneath a tidal wave. When the U.S. entered World War II, Namor would aid the Allies of World War II against Adolf Hitler and the Axis powers. Supporting characters included Betty Dean, a New York City policewoman introduced in Marvel Mystery Comics #3 (and later known as Betty Dean-Prentiss), who was a steady companion, and his cousins Namora and Dorma.

Namor starred in the Golden Age comic book Sub-Mariner, published quarterly, then thrice-yearly, and finally bimonthly, from issues #1–32 (Fall 1941–June 1949). A backup feature each issue starred the detective-superhero the Angel. Along with many other Timely characters, Namor disappeared a few years after the end of World War II and the decline in popularity of superhero comics. He briefly fought crime as a member of the post-war superhero team the All-Winners Squad, and, through a 1970s retcon, was given a history of having fought with the Allies during World War II in the superhero team the Invaders. Both of these super-groups were built around the core of Namor, Captain America, and the original Human Torch. The Sub-Mariner experienced a brief revival in the mid-1950s at Atlas Comics, the 1950s iteration of Marvel. Along with Captain America and the original Human Torch, he was revived in Young Men #24. Soon afterward, Sub-Mariner was revived with issues #33–42 (April 1954 – Oct. 1955). During this time, Namora had her own spin-off series. A planned live-action television program starring Namor did not appear and the revival of the comic book series was cancelled a second time.

Silver Age

Namor returned in Fantastic Four #4 (May 1962), where a member of the titular superhero team, Johnny Storm, the new Human Torch, discovers him living as an amnesiac homeless man in the Bowery section of Manhattan. Storm helps him recover his memory, and Namor immediately returns to his undersea kingdom—later identified as Atlantis in Fantastic Four Annual #1 (June 1963). Finding it destroyed from nuclear testing, Namor assumes his people are scattered and that he will never find them. He again becomes an antihero during this period, as two elements – a thirst for vengeance and a quest for identity – would dominate the Sub-Mariner stories of the 1960s. He was both a villain and a hero – striking against the human race who destroyed his home, but showing a great deal of noblesse oblige to individuals.

Silver Age Sub-Mariner #1 (May 1968). Cover art by John Buscema and Sol Brodsky.

Initially, Namor variously finds himself allied with the supervillains Doctor Doom and Magneto, but his royal nobility and stubborn independent streak make these alliances-of-convenience short-lived. Namor's revival was a hit with readers, but Marvel could not give him his own title due to publication and distribution restrictions that would not be lifted until 1968. Instead, Namor was given numerous guest-appearances – including in Daredevil #7 (April 1965), a rare superhero story drawn by comics great Wally Wood – and a starring feature in the split-title comic Tales to Astonish (beginning issue #70, Aug. 1965). By now, during a period fans and historians call the Silver Age of Comic Books, he is more authoritative, arrogant and solemn than the impetuous youthful character of the 1940s and mid-1950s, speaking in neo-Shakespearean dialogue rather than the more colloquial speech of his youth, often shouting his battle cry, "Imperius Rex!".

Bronze Age

He was spun off into his own title, the 1968–74 series Sub-Mariner. The super-villain Tiger Shark was introduced in issue #5 by writer Roy Thomas and artist John Buscema and the super-hero Stingray in issue #19 by Thomas and Bill Everett. Some of the later issues of this Sub-Mariner series are notable for having been written and drawn by the character's creator, Bill Everett, shortly before his death; as well, they reintroduced a now-older Namora, and introduced her daughter, Namorita Prentiss. By now more of a reluctant superhero "the Sub-Mariner was perfect for the Marvel Age of angst-ridden protagonists. Noble yet misunderstood, powerful yet thwarted ... [he was] portrayed as a regal monarch – a king without a country." The final issue, #72 (Sept. 1974), was written by Steve Skeates and featured an unofficial intercompany crossover with the last issue of DC Comics' Aquaman series. A five- to six-page backup feature, "Tales of Atlantis", chronicling the undersea kingdom from its ancient origins, appeared in issues #62–66 (June–Oct. 1973), written by Steve Gerber, with penciling by Howard Chaykin and later Jim Mooney. After the cancellation of Sub-Mariner, Namor co-starred with Doctor Doom in the Super-Villain Team-Up series. The series suffered from mediocre sales due to its lack of a stable creative team, and following issue #13 Namor was dropped from the co-star spot. Marvel published a four-issue miniseries a decade later, Prince Namor, the Sub-Mariner (Sept.-Dec. 1984), by scripter/co-plotter J. M. DeMatteis, penciler/co-plotter Bob Budiansky, and inker Danny Bulanadi.

Modern Age

The 12-issue maxiseries The Saga of the Sub-Mariner (Nov. 1988 – Oct. 1989) provided a retrospective of Namor's past adventures while tying up loose plot threads and resolving contradictions that had accumulated over the character's decades of published history. Namor again received an ongoing series in 1990. Namor, the Sub-Mariner, which ran 62 issues (April 1990 – May 1995), was initially written and penciled by John Byrne who took over the inking as well from issues #4–21. Unlike all of Namor's previous series, the cover logo emphasized the character's name rather than the "Sub-Mariner" epithet. From #26–38, the series' penciler and eventual penciler-inker was then-newcomer Jae Lee, with Bob Harras scripting from #33–40. After three fill-in issues, the remainder of the series was written by Glenn Herdling and pencilled by Geof Isherwood. This series followed Namor as CEO of Oracle, Inc., a corporation devoted to reducing pollution, particularly in the oceans, and provided the stage for the return of the 1970s martial artist superhero Iron Fist, who had been presumed dead. Whereas J. M. DeMatteis saw his series as an opportunity to explore Namor much more deeply than he had been able to in the team book The Defenders, John Byrne felt that the character did not work well outside of a group context and accordingly gave Namor, the Sub-Mariner a massive supporting cast.

The 12-issue miniseries Namor (June 2003–May 2004), credited to co-writers Bill Jemas (then Marvel's president) and Andi Watson, and penciled initially by Salvador Larroca and later by Pat Olliffe and others, explored Namor's youth, charting his teenage romance with a young American girl in the early 20th century. A six-issue miniseries, Sub-Mariner vol. 2 (Aug. 2007 – Jan. 2008), by co-writers Matt Cherniss and Peter Johnson and, primarily, artist Phil Briones, introduced Namor's heretofore undisclosed son, Kamar. Namor was featured in his own ongoing series, Namor: The First Mutant, in 2011. The series was cancelled after less than a year into its publication. Namor has also served alongside, or even as a member of, superhero teams – most notably the Defenders, which included Doctor Strange, the Hulk, and the Silver Surfer. Other groups he was associated with included the Avengers; and both the World War II and modern-day versions of the Invaders. Marvel revived The Defenders, with Namor on the team, in December 2011. The series was cancelled after 12 issues. He became one of the main characters, along with the other Illuminati members, in the third volume of New Avengers beginning in 2013. He appeared in the 2018 Namor: The Best Defense one-shot.

Fictional character biography

Early life

Namor was born in the capital city of the Atlantean empire, then located under the Antarctic ice pack. His mother was Emperor Thakorr's daughter, Fen, and his father an American sea captain, Leonard McKenzie, of the icebreaker Oracle; they had fallen in love and married aboard ship while she was, unbeknownst to him, spying on the human intruders. When Fen did not return, Atlantean warriors attacked the Oracle, evidently killing Captain McKenzie, and returned Fen to her kingdom. The pink-skinned mutant Namor was subsequently born among the blue-skinned Atlanteans. He became the Prince of Atlantis, and a warrior for his people against the "surface-dwellers".

At some point, when Namor was a child, the people of Atlantis relocated and built a new kingdom near the Pacific Northwest. There, Namor would befriend a young girl named Sandy Pierce, the daughter of wealthy businessman Henry Pierce. During this time, Namor would also meet his cousin Namora, who was named after him. Years later as a teenager, Namor would reconnect with Sandy, revealing his identity to her and starting a relationship. Due to oil leaking from the ground into Atlantis, and Sandy's father facing financial ruin due to problems with his oil rig, Namor struck a deal with Henry to help each other out. In an attempt to discredit Namor in the eyes of the Atlanteans, his cousin Beemer first attacked Sandy and her father and destroyed the oil rig. With the oil threatening to poison them, the Atlanteans had to relocate back to the South Pacific Ocean. Sandy decided to join them, but would disappear. When Namor was a teenager, he witnessed the Chasm People's Swift Tide in combat practice until his royal cousin Lady Dorma arrived. He even witnesses a meeting between Atlantis and the Chasm People where he has his first encounter with Prince Attuma. When some Chasm People appear to take on the Imperial Atlanteans and the traitorous Swift Tide, Namor and Lady Dorma are awestruck of the Swift Tide's fighting skills as they and Attuma assist in the battle. When it came to a dark artifact called the Unforgotten Stone, the Swift Tide is sent to retrieve it.

World War II

In 1939, Namor became friends with New York City policewoman Betty Dean, who pleaded with him to help the Allies' effort against the Axis powers during World War II. Despite originally denying her pleas, and attacking New York on multiple occasions due to their provocations, Namor decided to join the Allies' cause against the Nazis in September 1940. After the attack on Pearl Harbor and the US officially joining the war in 1941, Namor formed superhero team the Invaders, alongside Captain America, Bucky, the original Human Torch, and Toro. In 1944, Namor and the Invaders would go to Wakanda, where they encountered T'Chaka, the king and Black Panther of the nation. Namor would later find both contention and companionship in youthful monarch T'Challa. The pair of kings would briefly work together to track down traitors and enemies along with missing subjects of their respective kingdoms for a time. Succeeding in their mission, Namor and T'Challa would part on friendly terms afterwards, the former being dismayed after hearing of his land-born counterpart's opening suzerainties to the rest of the world later on.

While investigating an assault on Atlantis, Namor fell under the control of Paul Destine, bearer of the Serpent Crown, who bade him to fly to New York and wander without his memories until he was summoned. In his amnesiac state, he met the daughter of friend and fellow World War II veteran Randall Peterson, Nay Peterson, who recognized him and took him back to her family home. Namor spent years living with the Petersons, slowly recovering his memories, until he was approached by Professor Charles Xavier and joined him in search of fellow mutants. His travels with Xavier revealed Namor's emotional imbalance due to wartime PTSD. In an attempt to heal Namor's mental trauma, Xavier created a persona based on his memories of Thomas Machan, another war buddy Namor had failed to save, hoping that Machan could act as therapist for him. When confronted with the presence of his dead friend, Namor instead suffered a mental break and fled, succumbing to Destine's command once more. Xavier's intervention would solidify the bipolar disorder he would suffer from for decades to come.

The Fantastic Four and modern world

He was later found by Johnny Storm in Fantastic Four #4 living in the flophouse Bowery district of Manhattan as an amnesiac derelict. Regaining his memory, he became enraged upon learning that his people's city had been destroyed by nuclear testing, its inhabitants evacuated. Namor vows revenge on humanity, but after several attacks thwarted by superheroes, including in Fantastic Four #6, 9, and 14 (Sept. and Dec. 1962, May 1963), Strange Tales #107 (April 1963), he finds his people and launches an unsuccessful invasion of New York City in Fantastic Four Annual #1 (1963).

Sub-Mariner #67 (Nov. 1973), introducing the short-lived mid-1970s costume. Cover art by John Romita and Mike Esposito.

Prior to Namor's first battle with the Avengers, he comes across a group of Inuit worshiping a figure frozen in ice; someone whom the Sub-Mariner vaguely recognizes from the past just before hurling said monolith into the ocean during an outburst of rage. After his second bout with the Avengers he is approached by then-ally in the war turned adversary in modern times; Captain Steven Rogers, the two catching up about life and times. Namor returns to Atlantis to marry his royal cousin Lady Dorma. In Sub-Mariner #37 (May 1971), the evil princess Llyra of Lemuria, another undersea culture, kidnaps and replaces Dorma at the wedding, hoping to usurp Namor's kingdom. Though Namor's marriage to Dorma is still official, she dies as a result of Llyra's machinations. In issues #45–46 (Nov.-Dec. 1971) Namor finally meets his father, long thought dead, only to lose him when Leonard McKenzie gives his life in battle against the supervillain Tiger Shark. Namor allies with the "non-team" the Defenders initially in Marvel Feature #1–3, Dec. 1971 – June 1972, then in the series The Defenders. After being deposed from his throne, Namor joins the superhero team the Avengers. He is briefly married to Marrina, an aquatic alien and a member of the Canadian super-team Alpha Flight. She is later presumed killed, but she is later revealed to be in a coma, of which Namor is unaware.

Father-daughter oceanographers Caleb and Carrie Alexander, theorizing that Namor's propensity toward rage is due to his half-human half-Atlantean blood chemistry, equip Namor with a monitor to warn when he has to seek either air or water. This allows Namor to control his metabolism. He collects sunken treasures to finance his secret purchase of a corporation he renames Oracle Inc., which he turns to conservation and environmental purposes. Unbeknownst to the Sub-Mariner, the Machan guilt apparition would secretly influence his actions, leading him to turn willing Atlantean soldiers human for the purpose of infiltrating governments. Later, Namor loses his ankle-wings during a battle with the animated garbage-monster Sluj, but they are later restored. Namor travels to the dimension of K'un-L'un, where he finds and retrieves the superhero Iron Fist, who had been presumed dead. Namor reclaims the throne of Atlantis, and Oracle begins sponsoring the charitable super-group Heroes for Hire. In the one-shot New Avengers: Illuminati (May 2006), Namor is revealed to have been a member for several years of the clandestine policy group the Illuminati, with Mister Fantastic, Iron Man, Doctor Strange, Professor X, and Black Bolt. In the series Sub-Mariner vol. 2 #1–6 (Aug. 2007–Jan. 2008), he discovers his long-lost son Kamar, who attempts to usurp the throne of Atlantis but is killed by the supervillain Nitro.

In 2011, Namor joined the mutant superhero team the X-Men. Namor helped with the Curse of the Mutants, and Avengers vs. X-Men events before joining the Illuminati and All-New Invaders. That same year, during the "Fear Itself" storyline, Namor is ousted from his kingdom by Attuma, who was transformed into Nerkodd: Breaker of Oceans. Namor assists the X-Men, who have relocated to Utopia, off the coast of San Francisco, and sides with them during the subsequent war with the Avengers over the coming of the Phoenix Force to Earth. He becomes one of the Phoenix Five when the Phoenix Force is fractured between himself, Cyclops, Emma Frost, Colossus and Magik. He eventually becomes the first of the Phoenix Five to fall. Namor rejoins the Illuminati, but believing the group's morality holds it back, he assembles a new group, the Cabal, to deal with interdimensional incursions. Namor and the Cabal eventually escape to another Earth, this one in the Ultimate Universe. The new Squadron Supreme decapitates Namor in retaliation for the worlds destroyed by the Cabal, but this is undone through time travel.

During the "Secret Empire" storyline, Captain America puts Namor into a position where he is forced to sign a peace treaty that for a time enabled Hydra to access a fragment of the Cosmic Cube stored in Atlantis. In reality, Namor secretly aids the Underground resistances against Hydra, after finding Winter Soldier falling to the sea out of nowhere and cover his track from Hydra by disguising him as his bodyguard, having had realized that the Steve Rogers-Captain America he and his fellow resistances saw now is not the man they once knew. Once Captain America returns and gives hope to his fellow heroes to find the Cosmic Cube fragments before Hydra does, Namor tells Winter Soldier that the time has come to remove the latter's disguise and help their fellow allies against Hydra, and returning the real Steve Rogers they knew.

Marvel Legacy & Fresh Start (2017–present)

X-Men Red and West Coast Avengers

Sometime after the fall of Hydra America, Jean Grey of the X-Men implores Namor's backing for a new mutant nation. He lends the support of Atlantis to her cause and works with his fellow mutants in the battle against Cassandra Nova as she manipulates national powers against Homo superior on a global scale, once more donning the colors of X to resist a nanorobotic sentinel attack. Relapsing into his human-hating ways, Namor goes back to concocting war plans against the surface nations of the world. When Professor Charles Xavier offers Namor sanctuary in the new mutant nation of Krakoa, the somber monarch refuses Xavier's request on the grounds that neither Xavier nor the mutant nation actually believed themselves to be superior to those from whom they had finally separated themselves, and demands that Xavier not contact him until Xavier believes in his own supremacy. Elsewhere, in Los Angeles, while explaining her backstory to Gwen Poole, Ramone Watts implies that both she and her brother Johnny "Fuse" Watts are children of Namor, born to exiled Dora Milaje Zobae.

Forming the Defenders of the Deep

Namor crashes Tiger Shark's battle with Stingray, nearly killing Stingray and intimidating Tiger Shark into swearing his allegiance. Tiger Shark is drafted into the Defenders of the Deep, along with Orka, Andromeda, Echidna, the Piranhas, Fathom Five members Bloodtide and Manowar, and King Crab, in order to protect the oceans just as the Avengers protect the land. They encounter the Avengers, where Captain America voices his disappointment in Namor for nearly killing Stingray. Their fight is interrupted by the Winter Guard who are also after the Defenders of the Deep. In the ensuing chaos, the Defenders escape after the sea king makes an example of some piranha men. After battling cybernetically augmented dolphins sent by the Roxxon oil corporation, Namor sits brooding in an undersea tavern, musing on the decline of his kingdom and repeated aggression from the surface world, and considering giving in to the hunger for war. The bartender suggests he focus his strength against the Wakandan-led Avengers, pointing out the many potential allies among the Avengers' enemies. Unbeknownst to Namor, the bartender is an agent of Mephisto. Taking the bartender's words to heart, Namor uses his lingering psychic link with the Phoenix Force to summon it back to Earth, promising to set galaxies ablaze in exchange for the power to defeat the Avengers.

The Best Defense

Leaving the Defenders of the Deep to protect Hydropolis, the Sub-Mariner seeks out a long defected splinter sect of Atlanteans known as the Vodani. Namor attempts to forge an alliance by joining with the king's daughter, Kataw, to vanquish an ancient monster, but this turns out to be a ruse by the Vodani king Okun to leave him vulnerable, the Vodani having grown to despise what they see as impure Atlanteans. Namor flings himself at Okun, hoping to surface and use his airbreathing abilities to gain the upper hand, but realizes that the tunnel he passed through to reach the Vodani was in fact a portal to another world, and he has unwittingly cast them both into the vacuum of space, where he is only saved by the unexpected intervention of the Silver Surfer. Namor, in conjunction with his colleagues in the Defenders, battles against Nebulon, a demon-empowered entity who has hijacked a cosmic train that burns planets as fuel, and has directed it to Vodan and ultimately towards Earth. Dr. Strange and Hulk manage to rescue Vodan from the furnace, instead sending it into the freezing void of space. Namor offers to let Kataw use her electricity redirection powers to siphon his bioelectric life force and give the Silver Surfer enough power to save the planet, a sacrifice he is willing to make as king. Furious at his arrogance after killing her father, she sacrifices her own life instead. After being exiled from their world, Namor acknowledges to the Silver Surfer that his offer was an attempt to undermine Kataw's rule and force an alliance, but his arrogance has cost yet another life.

Invaders

Namor prepares for war accompanied by his advisor Machan, who appears to be a blue-skinned Atlantean with the same abilities of flight and air-breathing that Namor does. It soon becomes clear that Machan only exists in Namor's mind, and is in fact the psychic entity based on Thomas Machan that Xavier implanted in his mind years before. Namor developed hydrokinesis in order to get a branch of the Atlanteans called the Sea Blades to swear their allegiance with him. In addition to incarcerating the criminal Hydro-Man to siphon his hydrokinetic powers which explained how Namor got the Sea Blades to side with him, Atlantean technicians have been fabricating a bomb to target human DNA. When Captain America tries to broker peace, he is violently beaten by Namor and told that next time there will be no mercy.

Steve and Jim Hammond turn to the Petersons, a bedridden Randall and his daughter Nay, in order to find insight into Namor's fits of aggression. Machan urges Namor to dispatch the Petersons to tie up loose ends, and in a confrontation between the three heroes, Randall dies of geriatric complications, much to Namor's distress. Nay and her son, US Navy Commander Roman Peterson, are revealed to be agents of Namor. Namor intercepts Hammond and summarily decapitates the android. Roman takes control of a missile base to launch a strike against Atlantis, which the Avengers intercept in order to prevent a war.

The missile strike gives Namor justification to retaliate with the Genus Compound, a biochemical weapon which transforms homo sapiens into water breathing homo mermanus. He then floods the town in order to save thousands of lives, including Roman, who joins Namor's side. The Atlanteans provide humanitarian aid for the displaced townsfolk, Namor's intent being to ultimately transform the entire population of Earth into homo mermanus. During his time travelling with Professor X, Namor had witnessed the police gun down a mutant called Genus who had the ability to transform animals from one species to another, and has used Genus' recovered corpse as the basis for his weapon.

The Machan part of Namor's psyche continues to work behind Namor's back, approving additional testing on Russian citizens without his knowledge. He also procures the Serpent Crown under the pretext of protecting Namor from psychic attack. Namor reveals to Bucky that he is aware that Machan has been intermittently been taking over his body throughout the years, creating the plan without his knowledge, but with his ultimate approval. Machan has become a symbol of his failure and righteous anger at the injustices of the world, pushing him to ever more extreme actions. Machan ultimately uses the Serpent Crown to transfer himself into the body of Roman Peterson, in order to do what his king will not.

When Roxxon mercenaries steal the Genus Compound, Namor is exposed to a variant used to turn Atlantean spies into humans, and loses his powers. He ends up stranded on a seemingly deserted island along with Captain America. Powerless, Namor takes responsibility for everything Machan has done, whereas Steve insists on Namor's fundamental goodness. They discover the island hosts a Roxxon testing facility where scientists are experimenting with the Genus Compound to create more humanoid-animal hybrids. Steve uses the compound to restore Namor's Atlantean powers, and an enraged Namor releases the experiments upon the scientists, who are mauled to death before Steve can intervene. Steve calls Namor no better than the scientists, as the Genus Compound was his work to begin with.

Steve and Namor reunite with the rest of the Invaders to prevent Roman Machan, as he is now calling himself, from unleashing the Omega Sea. By siphoning water from the oceanic world of Vodon, Machan can flood the planet and coerce humanity into taking the Genus Compound to survive. Namor momentarily falls under the sway of the Serpent Crown but reasserts control, declaring he takes commands from no one. After the Invaders disable the doomsday engine, Namor intends to take Roman Machan back to Atlantis to be executed, but Steve insists that he be taken into surface-dwelling custody as the world still thinks Namor was behind everything. Recounting how a king sacrifices for the sake of the greater good, Rogers challenges his fellow Invader to forgo his vengeful needs for the sake of his kingdom.

Atlantis Attacks

Namor invades the portal city of Pan to demand the return of Atlantis' sacred guardian dragon, which the Big Nguyen Company has stolen in order to power the city's portal technology. The New Agents of Atlas negotiate a truce between Namor and Pan, with Namor being particularly impressed by Wave due to her recent role in defeating the Sirenas, longtime enemies of Atlantis. The Agents successfully develop a new power source to prevent Pan's citizens from being displaced, and the dragon is safely returned to Atlantis, but abruptly goes berserk upon arrival and attacks the underwater city.

Atlantean scientists discover an implant embedded in the dragon's scales. Namor flies to Pan for revenge, but Big Nguyen Company's CEO and Pan founder Mike Nguyen reveals that he has recruited the Sirenas to defend Pan from attack. Namor defeats a Hulked-out Brawn and is about to strike the final blow, but is overpowered by the Sirenas and imprisoned. Nguyen proposes all-out war with Atlantis, while Namora discovers that the implant on the dragon was Sirena tech, splitting the heroes' loyalties. Namor breaks free from his restraints and threatens to destroy the entire city upon realizing that Ngyuen has sent a force of Sirenas to attack Atlantis. Nguyen, via hologram, warns of civilian casualties and instead proposes a triple alliance between Pan, Atlantis and the Sirenas; Namor refuses and resumes battle with the remaining Agents.

Brawn talks down the combatants, having hacked Ngyuen's mainframe, and confronts Atlas founder Jimmy Woo for withholding secrets from the team. Woo reveals that for thousands of years, dragons have served as advisors for human rulers, using humans as proxies in their conflicts with one another, making them responsible for almost every major war in history. The Atlas Foundation itself is run by a dragon, Mr. Lao. Nguyen intends to unite the world under Pan, proposing to Namor and Woo that by harvesting the combined power of their dragons, they can claim the rest of them. Namor instead returns to Atlantis where Wave brokers a truce with the Sirenas, while Brawn and the other Agents confront Nguyen in his personal bunker. Nguyen attaches a Sirena implant to Amadeus, transforming him into the Hulk.

Nguyen commands the Hulk to kill Namor to ensure Pan's safety, intending to wipe out all kings and autocrats. Namor takes the battle to an island two miles off the Heart of Pan, where Sword Master and Shang-Chi manage to remove the device, freeing Amadeus from Nguyen's control. Namor then reveals that the shockwaves from the Hulk's blows have created a massive tsunami that is heading towards the Heart of Pan. With some goading from Woo and Namor, Brawn transforms back into Hulk and creates another shockwave to weaken the tsunami with help from Namor, Wave, Aero and Luna Snow. The city is saved, although Nguyen dies protecting a Madripoorian refugee and her young son from the tsunami. One month later at the Heart of Pan, Woo announces to the Agents and Pan's new leadership at a banquet that Atlantis and the Sirenas have signed a non-aggression pact, recognizing Pan as an independent nation. Mr. Lao and Woo plan their next move with the Agents: helping Namor fight the King in Black.

King in Black

During the "King in Black" storyline, Namor recounts his history with the Swift Tide and the exile of the Chasm People. When Knull attacks Earth, Namor agrees to help his fellow superheroes. One way to fight Knull's symbiote forces is to awaken the Black Tide. Upon Namor's arrival, Iron Man agrees to help him if the Black Tide attack Namor.

Enter the Phoenix

After the Phoenix Force makes its nest near Avengers Mountain in the North Pole, Namor attempts to reunite with the entity, leading to a clash between the Avengers and the Defenders of the Deep. During the battle, the Phoenix decides to hold a tournament to decide who its next host will be and selects Namor as a candidate, transporting him and many other heroes and villains to another dimension to wait the next match following Captain America's win over Doctor Doom.

Powers and abilities

Because of his unusual genetic heritage, Namor is unique among both ordinary humans and Atlanteans; he is sometimes referred to as "Marvel's first mutant" because, while the majority of his observed superhuman powers come from the fact that he is a hybrid of human and Atlantean DNA, his ability to fly cannot be explained by either side (Atlanteans are an offshoot of "baseline" humanity); however, in terms of in-continuity chronology, there were many mutants in existence before Namor. Namor possesses a fully amphibious physiology suited for extreme undersea pressures, superhuman strength, speed, agility, durability, flight, and longevity. Namor has the ability to survive underwater for indefinite periods, and specially developed vision which gives him the ability to see clearly in the murky depths of the ocean.

Bill Everett, in his first Sub-Mariner story, described the character as "an ultra-man of the deep [who] lives on land and in the sea, flies in the air, [and] has the strength of a thousand [surface] men". No other powers were mentioned. When the series was revived in 1954, Namor lost his ankle wings and with them the power of flight; they, and his full strength, were restored in Sub-Mariner Comics #38 (Feb. 1955), in which Everett additionally wrote a flashback story, "Wings on His Feet", detailing their appearance on Namor at age 14. This story was twice reprinted during the Silver Age of Comic Books, in Marvel Super-Heroes #17 (Nov. 1968), and in the book Comix by Les Daniels.

Namor has the ability to swim at superhuman speeds, even by Atlantean standards.

Namor has greater longevity than a normal human being. He is nearly 100 years old, but has the appearance of a male in his prime.

His enhanced senses enable him to see in the deepest ocean depths, hear when a school of fish turn a corner from a world away and even feel when the deepest currents change by the slightest degree.

In all his incarnations, Namor possesses superhuman strength and, with the possible exceptions of Orka and Tyrak at their full sizes, is the strongest Atlantean ever known. The exact level of his strength is dependent upon his physical contact with water, in which he needn't be submerged. It has been shown as sufficient to effortlessly toss a water-filled ocean-liner, despite the underwater viscosity. His strength diminishes slowly the longer he is out of contact with water, though an extended period on land does not result in his death, as it would for a typical Atlantean, and his power is retained in full as long as he keeps himself wet. Namor possesses superhuman stamina and resistance to injury due to his hybrid nature. Namor's strength level is such that he has held his own in hand-to-hand combat with beings as powerful as the Hulk in the past.

Some stories have mentioned that Namor has gills for breathing underwater, e.g., in Namor, the Sub-Mariner #5, Namor thinks "this New York river water burns my gills and scalds my lungs". and artists such as Salvador Larroca have drawn him with gill slits on either side of his neck. In The Sub-Mariner #18–22 (1969–70), beings from outer space surgically closed Namor's gills for a time, leaving him with the ability to breathe air but unable to breathe underwater. Other sources have stated that his lungs contain oxygen diffusing membranes that allow him to breathe underwater.

Namor possesses a telepathic rapport with all forms of marine life. He is able to mentally communicate with most forms of Ichthyoid, Cephalopod, Plankton, Anthozoa, Csnidarian, etc.; and can mentally persuade them to do his bidding. Namor can mentally communicate with other Atlanteans and give mental-telepathic orders to all his men. He had a limited empathic rapport with Namorita, but only as a result of being given one of her "magic earrings" (which has long since disappeared).

Due to a unique aspect of his hybrid nature, not shared by Namorita, it was theorized that Namor is vulnerable to oxygen imbalances in his blood that trigger manic-depressive mood swings; he can prevent imbalances by regular immersion in water.

Namor was educated by the royal tutors of the Atlantean court, and speaks many surface languages, Atlantean, and Lemurian. He is a highly skilled business executive. On top of having a slew of vast Atlantean technologies available to him and his forces, Namor also has a slew of powerful mystical relics in his national treasury he regularly makes use of; like the Trident of Neptune, patron weapon of his kingdom's founding sea god Poseidon.

The weapon supposedly comes with many replicas as an adversary who held the sea king in resentment due to prior infractions he had in the past utilized a true oceanic scepter while Namor held only a ceremonial copy. Said recipient would study up on the lore of Atlantis's mythical, mystical background and discovered a hidden treasure cove pertaining to numerous magical relics in the ocean deity's possession. One that would enable he and all others who wielded it power over the waters of the world and the vast metaphysical might of its namesake to which they could accomplish a great many feats. Other powers include that of physical transformation, such as changing a human into merfolk, firing destructive energy beams, commanding the creatures of the brine to act on its wielders behalf, as well as influence both weather and the tides of the world to do their bidding. Like all weapons and reliquary crafted by and for the Olympian Pantheon, such as Heracles' Adamantine Mace, the trident is composed of indestructible metal belonging to the gods, able to battle against multiple enforcers of the Thor Corps and their legions of Mjolnir hammers without taking any damage.

In the past Namor has interacted with the Serpent Crown throughout his adventures, in later publishing he has regained access to all of its supernatural facilities to augment his own powers.

Former powers and abilities

In The Fantastic Four #9 (Dec. 1962), Namor states, "I have the powers of all the creatures who live beneath the sea! I can charge the very air with electricity – using the power of the electric eel!" In the same issue, "the radar sense of the cave fish from the lowest depths of the sea" enables him to sense the presence of Sue Storm when she is invisible. He uses "the power to surround himself with electricity in the manner of an electric eel" again in Strange Tales #107 (April 1963), and #125 (Oct. 1964); in the former, he manifests the power to inflate his body like a puffer fish. An editorial note in Marvel Tales #9 (July 1967), which reprinted the story from Strange Tales #107, stated explicitly that "nautical Namor has since lost his power to imitate the characteristics of fish..." His electrical abilities were seen in later comics, and in the 1991 Spider-Man: The Video Game.

In Marvel Mystery Comics #2 (Dec. 1939) Namor once boasted a personal hydration function of his physiology, once extinguishing a pedestrian had been set on fire by cigarette light. His body excreted water from his individual pores, dousing the flames. During Namor's original fight with the Human Torch in Marvel Mystery Comics #8 (June 1940, and the first fight between superheroes at Marvel), Namor was able to forcibly expel water from his body to extinguish fires, although it proved useless against the Torch.

Namor was given possession of the Time Gem which he did not use. This gem allows the user total control over the past, present, and future. It allows time travel, can age and de-age beings, and can be used as a weapon by trapping enemies or entire worlds in unending loops of time. After the Hood attempted to steal the Gems, Namor briefly helped Thor recover the Gem from the bottom of the ocean to prevent the Hood acquiring it, before being entrusted with the Power Gem as the Gems were divided amongst the new Illuminati – Steve Rogers replacing Black Bolt – once again.

Through unknown means, Namor later siphoned the hydrokinesis abilities of Hydro-Man. He was able to flood a prison cell containing Roxxon murderers miles away from the ocean using the penal facility's sewage line. When he went to conscript the Sea Blades in preparation for war on the surface world, he literally parting the seas around them only to drop the waters back into place.

Namor was host for a fifth of the Phoenix Force as one of the Phoenix Five. He lost the Phoenix Force in battle with the Scarlet Witch. He summoned the Phoenix Force to regain those powers, but the Phoenix decided to choose its next host in a tournament. Each candidate, including Namor, was temporarily given a portion of the Phoenix Force, until Echo was chosen as its new host.

"Marvel's first mutant"

Marvel has repeatedly identified Namor as "Marvel's first mutant," which is accurate when describing first appearances in print. However, he is not the oldest mutant within the fictional Marvel Universe timeline. A number of mutants predate him, including Selene, Apocalypse, Romulus, Exodus, Sabertooth, Azazel, Wolverine, Mystique, and Destiny.

In X-Men #6 (July 1964), X-Men leader Professor Xavier and antagonist Magneto each suspect Namor is a mutant and make efforts to recruit him. Later writers in the 1960s and 1970s described him as a hybrid, not a mutant, to distinguish him from the mutant X-Men. When the series was revived in 1990, the series title logo carried the subtitle "Marvel's first and mightiest mutant!"

Namor is actually a hybrid of Atlantean and human physiology, although he has principal characteristics that neither Atlanteans (Homo mermanus) nor humans (Homo sapiens) possess. These include his ability to fly, and possibly his durability and strength (which is several times that of an Atlantean).

In the first issue of the five-part Illuminati miniseries, after being experimented on by the Skrulls, it was confirmed that Namor is not only an Atlantean/human hybrid but also a mutant.

Enemies

• Attuma – Leader of the Atlantean barbarians, Attuma would threaten Atlantis repeatedly; conquering it on several occasions, and became Namor's nemesis.
• Byrrah – Childhood friend and rival to Namor, Byrrah was Atlantean royalty that lost the throne to Namor and observed him as unfit for the position. For many years, he would challenge Namor's rule and ally with his enemies to usurp him. Eventually, he appears to have made peace with Namor and stands by his side as a brother.
• Captain Barracuda – A modern-day pirate employing advanced technology that frequently crossed swords with Namor (and several other heroes).
• Deep Six – A group formed by Attuma to maintain his rule of Atlantis during one of his periods as its conqueror. His subordinates included Tiger Shark, Orka, Piranha, Sea Urchin, and Nagala (bearing the Serpent Crown).
• Doctor Doom – Sometimes allies, sometimes enemies, Doom and Namor use each other but inevitably turn against each other when their ultimate sensibilities override the benefits of working together. This has been their perpetual relationship since first meeting years ago.
• Doctor Dorcas – A brilliant scientist that created several of Namor's greatest threats such as Tiger Shark, Orka, and Piranha, often working alongside the likes of Attuma and Byrrah. He appeared to die in a battle with Namor, but later turned up alive with starfish-based abilities.
• Fathom Five – Led by Llyron, the son of Namor's enemy Llyra and supposedly Namor himself. Later, it is revealed that Llyron is the grandson of Namor's half-brother that was passed off as Namor's successor who usurped his throne, Fathom Five sought to wipe out humanity. Its members include Dragonrider, Bloodtide, Manowar, and Sea Leopard.
• Great White – An albino villain and shark trainer. He ambushed Loa and her father while they were surfing. Loa managed to use her ability to kill the sharks while Great White was defeated by Namor.
• Karthon the Quester – A faithful servant to Lemurian ruler Naga that sought the Serpent Crown for his master from Namor. His sense of honor conflicted with his master and after Naga's rule was toppled, Karthon became king and an ally to Namor.
• Llyra – A Lemurian that usurped Karthon's rule of his kingdom and became Namor's enemy when he tried to restore his friend and ally. She would return to face him repeatedly, in time becoming high priestess of Set.
• Magneto – More often amicable allies than anything else, Magneto would approach Namor during his Brotherhood's first outing as Supervillains to join forces against humanity. Initially, the latter refused, seeking to work alone, but having worked with the X-Men, Magnus included, Namor respects the mutant revolutionary nonetheless.
• Naga – Longtime wielder of the Serpent Crown, Naga would rule Lemuria until he was murdered by his staunchest aide Karthon.
• Orka – An underling of Krang empowered by Doctor Dorcas to be massively strong and grow stronger in the presence of orca. He would return repeatedly as a minion for Namor's enemies.
• Piranha – Created by Doctor Dorcas, the Piranha is an ever-evolving enemy of Namor to return again and again.
• Puppet Master – Using Namor as a pawn on several occasions, such as against the Fantastic Four and in obtaining funds, the Puppet Master would garner the ire of the sea king. On one occasion, when Namor considered befriending the Hulk, Puppet Master took the green behemoth over and forced him to battle Namor.
• Tiger Shark – An Olympic swimmer transformed by Doctor Dorcas into a hybrid of Namor's DNA and a tiger shark. He battles Namor repeatedly over the years, at one time an ally to the sea king, though today he has again chosen to be his enemy.
• Tyrak – A powerful warrior in Attuma's army that can grow to monstrous size and bears incredible physical strength.
• U-Man – Meranno was a childhood rival to Namor that joined the Third Reich and took the name U-Man. Leading the Nazis to Atlantis, their attack left its emperor in a coma with Namor succeeding him. During World War II, he would be Namor's frequent sparring partner.
• Warlord Krang – One-time military leader of Atlantis' forces, Krang tried to usurp Namor's power and became an enemy to the kingdom. He would return repeatedly to challenge Namor.

Reception

Critical response

Richard Fink of MovieWeb called Namor a "fan favorite for years," writing, "The character has a long rich history in the comics and has had dealings with The Fantastic Four, the X-Men, the Hulk, and many more. He has been both an ally and an enemy to the heroes. He is one of the first comic book antiheroes, and his status as the first Marvel character has made him an appealing one for adaptation." Matt Wood of CinemaBlend included Namor in their "5 Marvel Villains We'd Love To See In Black Panther 2" list. Marco Vito Oddo of Collider included Namor in their "7 Most Powerful Avengers Who Aren't in the MCU" list. Screen Rant included Namor in their "15 Best Antiheroes In Marvel Comics" list, in their "15 Most Powerful Black Panther Villains" list, in their "10 Most Powerful Hercules Villains In Marvel Comics" list, in their "10 Best Black Panther Comics Characters Not In The MCU" list, and in their "MCU: 10 Most Desired Fan Favorite Debuts Expected In The Multiverse Saga" list, and ranked Namor 1st in their "Marvel's 10 Most Powerful Aquatic Characters" list. Cameron Bonomolo of ComicBook.com included Namor the Submariner in their "7 Great Villains for Black Panther 2" list, while Chase Magnett ranked him 4th in their "8 Best Black Panther Villains" list, writing, "Over the past 10 years, Black Panther and Namor have developed one of the most engaging rivalries in all of superhero comics," and Lance Cartelli ranked him 43rd in their "50 Most Important Superheroes Ever" list.

Comic Book Resources ranked Namor 1st in their "10 Most Iconic Black Panther Villains" list, 2nd in their "10 Strongest Aquatic Superheroes" list, and 13th in their "30 Strongest Marvel Superheroes" list. Aaron Young of Looper ranked Namor 12th in their "Strongest Superheroes In History" list. IGN ranked Namor 14th in their "Top 50 Avengers" list, and 77th in their "Top 100 Comic Book Heroes" list. Andrew Wheeler of ComicsAlliance ranked Namor 16th in their "50 Sexiest Male Characters in Comics" list. Rob Bricken of Gizmodo ranked Namor 29th in their "Every Member Of The Avengers" list. Lance Cartelli of GameSpot ranked Namor 35th in their "50 Most Important Superheroes" list, saying, "Namor played an important role in comic books as the medium’s first antihero." Darren Franich of Entertainment Weekly ranked Namor 47th in their "Let's Rank Every Avenger Ever" list. Wizard magazine ranked Namor 88th in their "The 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of All Time" list.

Literary reception

Volumes

During the period known as the Golden Age of Comic Books, generally agreed to last from 1938 to 1956, Namor was one of Timely Comics' "Big Three," alongside Captain America and the original Human Torch. During this period, Namor's Sub-Mariner title was selling millions of copies.

Namor (2003)

According to Diamond Comic Distributors, Namor #2 was the 43rd best selling comic book in May 2003.

Jared Gaudreau of Comic Book Resources ranked the Namor comic book series 2nd in their "15 Best Namor Comics" list, writing, "Along with becoming more narratively rich, this comic gave Namor something he'd never had before: a serious love interest named Sandra Pierce."

Namor: The First Mutant (2010)

According to Diamond Comic Distributors, Namor: The First Mutant #1 was the 42nd best selling comic book in August 2010.

Shawn S. Lealos of Screen Rant included the Namor: The First Mutant comic book series in their "10 Best Ever Namor Comics To Read" list.

Namor: The Best Defense (2018)

According to Diamond Comic Distributors, Namor: The Best Defense #1 was the 50th best selling comic book in December 2018.

Charlie Ridgely of ComicBook.com gave Namor: The Best Defense #1 a grade of 5 out of 5, writing, "Chip Zdarsky has proven in the past that he can write incredibly fun, light-hearted characters like Peter Parker and The Thing. However, he makes a very bold statement with this issue of Namor, as he declares that he's far more than you might believe him to be. Zdarsky writes the hell out of Namor, who is about as damaged, serious, and complicated as you can get in the Marvel universe. He does so with a precision and depth that is slightly unexpected, but completely refreshing when dealing with a character that has often been underutilized. Between Defenders and Avengers, it's very clear that a Namor resurgence is underway, and Chip Zdarsky is leading the charge."

Other versions

Amalgam Comics

In the Amalgam Comics reality, Namor is combined with DC Comics' King of Atlantis, Aquaman, to create Aqua Mariner.

Earth X

In the Earth X series, Namor suffers from dementia due to the Terrigen mists contaminating the oceans. Amid the crisis, Namor is responsible for the death of Johnny Storm as a result of an attack by him and Doctor Doom on the United Nations against the Fantastic Four and Captain America. A furious Franklin Richards used his powers to cause half of Namor's body to be continually on fire, now known as Namor the Cursed. Years later, Namor would join The Skull's mind-controlled army.

Exiles

In Exiles issues 14 and 15, Namor appears as a king who has taken over Latveria. Another version of Namor is black and is married to Sue Storm and has a son Remy.

Marvel 1602

In the Marvel 1602 limited series Fantastick Four, Namor is reinvented as Numenor, Emperor of Bensaylum, a city beyond the edge of the world.

When the characters arrive in his realm he is arguing with his cousin Rita (Namorita) about her reluctance to marry. She suggests that this is because he refuses to find a consort himself. Upon meeting the Four from the Fantastick, he is attracted to Susan Storm, and attempts to woo her, unsuccessfully. He later plots with Otto von Doom to win her, while "disposing" of Sir Richard Reed. Doom turns against him, and Numenor is stabbed with his own trident and dies. Because Bensaylum is not underwater, its inhabitants are portrayed as basically human although they retain the pointed ears.

Marvel Noir

In the Marvel Noir reality, Namor is a captain of a ship named "Dorma". Captain Namor is a widely infamous pirate of the seven seas and an associate of Tony Stark, who pays him for the numerous voyages on his adventures. Namor considers himself as a man of the sea and doesn't share any allegiances to any countries or nations. As part of his tradition as a pirate, Namor marks himself and his crew by slicing their ears to look like shark's fins. He is the captain of the Dorma, an advanced submarine while taking the guise of a fishing trawler.

In May 1939, Stark hired Namor to find the location of Atlantis. He traveled with Stark, James Rhodes, and Pepper Potts on the submersible, the "Happy Hogan", in locating Atlantis and finding the valuable Orichalcum. Upon returning to the surface, Namor and his friends were immediately captured by the Nazis led by Baron Zemo and Von Strucker, and the Orichalcum stolen by them. Namor and his allies were then left to die on his trawler by torpedo; Namor took action in having everyone quickly board the Dorma and escape before the torpedo destroyed the trawler. Namor later rescued Stark following the destruction of Von Strucker's airship fleet, as (in Namor's words) Stark owes him a boat for the destruction of his.

MC2

Namor is still active in the MC2 future timeline, and still uniting occasionally for battle alongside the Hulk and Doctor Strange as "Defenders". His appearance, while slightly older looking, is unchanged save for growing a goatee. In Fantastic Five vol. 2 #1 it was revealed that he had held Doctor Doom captive for over ten years after the mad monarch destroyed Atlantis. Doom subsequently escaped, and in #4, Namor is seen being tortured by him. He is freed after Reed Richards sacrifices himself to send both his and Doom's consciousnesses to the Crossroads of Infinity.

Sub-Mariner: Глубины

В мини-сериале Marvel Knights, действие которого происходит в альтернативных 1950-х годах, Нэмор известен среди моряков, который, как говорят, преследует и убивает любого, кто ищет Атлантиду. Рэндольф Штайн, человек, который зарабатывает на жизнь развенчиванием современных мифов, встречает Нэмора в глубинах океана, пытаясь найти Атлантиду.

Абсолютное Марвел

Абсолютная . версия Нэмора — это мутант-атлант с физиологией амфибии, приспособленный к высокому давлению воды Он обладает огромной суперсилой, выносливостью, способностью плавать на высокой скорости, летать и манипулировать водой.

В Ultimate Fantastic Four #24 одноименная команда исследует руины Атлантиды и находит гробницу возрастом около 9000 лет, в которой находится спящий Нэмор — заключенный в тюрьму преступник из Атлантиды, считающийся худшим злодеем своего времени. Перевод Рида Ричардса с языка Атлантиды показывает, что утверждения Нэмора о королевской власти ложны.

Его исключительный интеллект позволяет ему свободно говорить по-английски за считанные минуты, просто слушая разговоры агентов ЩИТА и Фантастической четверки. Столкнувшись с человеком, Нэмор выдерживает полную силу вспышек Человека-факела и достаточно силен, чтобы сражаться с Существом , противостоять Сторм Сью силовым полям и растягивать Ричардса (Мистера Фантастика) почти до предела. Он уничтожает технику, предназначенную для сдерживания Халка. Несмотря на поражение от Фантастической четверки, он создает приливную волну в форме Посейдона , угрожая уничтожить Манхэттен . Он умиротворен, когда требует и получает многозначительный поцелуй от Сью Сторм. Затем он возвращается в море.

Нэмор снова появляется в конце выпуска №55, спасая Сью, находящуюся без сознания после того, как на нее напала Абсолютная версия Салемской семерки . Позже его видят в Латверии как Доктора Дума . пленника

В других СМИ

Телевидение

Нэмор в эпизоде ​​«Фантастическая четверка» (1994) «Теперь приходит подводник».

• телесериал о Нэморе с Ричардом Иганом в главной роли, но он так и не пошел в производство. В 1950-х годах планировался
• В 1970-х годах было объявлено о выпуске телевизионного пилотного проекта Sub-Mariner, но он так и не был снят. Утверждалось, что это произошло из-за его сходства с недолговечным Человеком из Атлантиды . хотя правдивость этого оспаривается. Комикс этого сериала был опубликован компанией Marvel.
• Нэмор появляется в одноименном сегменте сериала «Супергерои Marvel» . озвучивает Джон Вернон .
• Принц Тритон, заменитель Нэмора, появляется в «Фантастической четверке» (1967), озвученный Майком Роудом .
• Нэмор появляется в Человек-паук » (1981). эпизоде ​​«Гнев подводника» сериала « озвучивает Вик Перрин .
• Нэмор появляется в эпизоде ​​«7 маленьких супергероев» сериала «Человек-паук и его удивительные друзья », озвученном Уильямом Вудсоном .
• Нэмор появляется в эпизоде ​​«Фантастической четверки» (1994) «Теперь приходит подводник», озвученный Джеймсом Уориком .
• Нэмор появляется в эпизоде ​​«Чтобы править Атлантидой» мультсериала «Мстители: Они едины », озвучен Раулем Трухильо .
• Нэмор появляется в «Фантастической четверке: Величайшие герои мира» , озвученный Майклом Адамтуэйтом .

Фильм

Разработка фильма по мотивам Нэмора-подводника началась в Marvel Studios в апреле 1997 года, когда Филип Кауфман вел переговоры о постановке фильма под названием Нэмор: Подводник . Кауфман работал над фильмом в следующем месяце, когда сообщил, что он будет решать экологические проблемы, изображая Нэмора как человека, испытывающего «плохие чувства» к жителям Земли из-за экологических проблем. К июлю 1999 года Сэм Хэмм вел переговоры о написании сценария. В июне 2001 года Universal Pictures вступила в переговоры о получении прав на Нэмора, а тогдашний президент Marvel Studios Ави Арад и Кевин Мишер приступили к продюсированию фильма. Арад чувствовал, что в фильме можно исследовать экологические проблемы, такие как разливы нефти, испытания подводных бомб, загрязнение окружающей среды и глобальное потепление. К тому времени для проекта уже искали сценаристов. В июле 2002 года Universal наняла Дэвида Селфа для написания сценария, который планируется выпустить в 2004 году. В следующем месяце выяснилось, что Рэндалл Фрейкс работал над сценарием фильма «Нэмор, подводник» в Saban Entertainment .

В октябре 2002 года Marvel Studios объявила, что заключила сделку с Universal на производство фильма «Подводник» после их совместной работы над «Халком» (2003). Ави Арад сказал, что фильм будет «эпической подводной историей величественного фэнтези», которую Marvel описала как продолжение приключений Нэмора как принца из Атлантиды , который является «получеловеком-полуамфибией» и «встревоженным мятежником с вспыльчивый», помогал людям и боролся с ними из-за загрязнения. Кевин Файги , Стэн Ли и Селф были назначены исполнительными продюсерами, а Ави Арад был сопродюсером. К июлю 2004 года Марвел и Арад вступили в переговоры о том, чтобы Крис Коламбус руководил проектом, и к декабрю того же года он стал режиссером и продюсером Sub-Mariner , развивая его через свою продюсерскую компанию 1492 Pictures . Выпуск фильма планировался на 2007 год. Однако в ноябре 2005 года Колумб заявил, что вряд ли снимет фильм. В сентябре 2006 года Universal и Marvel Studios наняли Джонатана Мостоу для написания сценария и постановки фильма «Подводник» , в котором Нэмор обнаруживает, что он — принц Атлантиды, который играет ключевую роль в войне между современным надводным миром и подводным миром. Файги сказал, что суть истории фильма будет «сдержана» тем, что Нэмор застрянет между этими двумя мирами. Мостоу сказал, что в августе 2009 года «Подводник» все еще находился в активной разработке, и что они все еще работали над правильным сценарием. Он также пояснил, что Universal продолжала продлевать возможность производства объекта.

Marvel Entertainment ( Главный креативный директор CCO) Джо Кесада заявил в мае 2012 и июне 2016 года, что, насколько ему известно, Marvel Studios владеет правами на фильм Нэмора. В августе 2013 года Файги, который с тех пор стал президентом Marvel Studios, заявил, что Universal по-прежнему владеет правами на Нэмора и что из-за этого персонаж не появится в кинематографической вселенной Marvel (MCU) Marvel Studios в то время. В апреле 2014 года Файги заявил, что права на Нэмора были «немного сложными». в то время как The Hollywood Reporter Борис Кит из сообщил в мае, что права на Namor принадлежат Marvel, а не Universal. В июле того же года Файги пояснил, что Marvel может снять фильм о Нэморе вместо Universal и Legendary Pictures , как ходили слухи, но отметил, что существуют старые контракты с другими сторонами, которые необходимо проработать, прежде чем они смогут продолжить работу над фильмом. В феврале 2017 года Production Weekly включил The Sub-Mariner в свой отчет о предстоящих проектах, находящихся в разработке. когда предполагалось, что производство будет проходить на Гавайях . В апреле 2018 года Файги подтвердил, что права Нэмора сложны, поскольку права на распространение принадлежат Universal. и сказал в октябре, что Нэмор может появиться в MCU и что Marvel Studios решает, сможет ли он и когда это сделать. В ноябре 2022 года исполнительный директор Marvel Studios Нейт Мур подтвердил, что они не могут снять отдельный фильм о Нэморе, поскольку Universal по-прежнему владеет правами на распространение персонажа, как и Халк. В марте 2023 года Citigroup финансовый аналитик Джейсон Базине предположил, что Disney может попытаться включить права на распространение Нэмора вместе с Халком в любую потенциальную продажу потокового сервиса Hulu компании Comcast , владельцу Universal Pictures, через NBCUniversal .

Кинематографическая вселенная Marvel

См. Также: Нэмор (Кинематографическая вселенная Marvel)

Кук'улкан / Нэмор появляется в фильме MCU « Черная пантера: Ваканда навсегда» (2022), которого исполнил Тенох Уэрта Мехия . Эта версия - король Талокана , древняя цивилизация водного народа, связанная с майя , а также мутант . У Нэмора в фильме антагонистическая роль, как и в некоторых версиях комиксов. Майкл Уолдрон , сценарист фильма MCU «Доктор Стрэндж в Мультивселенной безумия» (2022), ранее говорил, что были разговоры о включении Нэмора в этот фильм в качестве члена Иллюминатов , как в комиксах, но его включение было отменено, потому что Marvel У студии были другие планы на персонажа. В 1571 году его мать Фен, будучи беременной сыном, проглотила траву с добавлением вибраниума, чтобы получить иммунитет от оспы. Это привело к тому, что у нее и у остальных жителей Юкатана появилась синяя кожа и выросли жабры, которые ограничивали их способность дышать воздухом на поверхности, вынуждая их переселиться под воду и основать Талокан как новую цивилизацию. Трава также вызвала у ее сына мутацию при рождении, которая дала ему острые уши и крылатые лодыжки, позволяющие ему летать, а также гибридную человеческую физиологию, которая позволила ему дышать кислородом и водой одновременно.

Видеоигры

• Нэмор появляется как игровой персонаж в Spider-Man: The Video Game .
• Нэмор появляется в эпизодической роли в фильмах «Капитан Америка» и «Мстители» .
• Нэмор появляется как босс в «Фантастической четверке» (1997).
• Нэмор появляется в эпизодической роли в » Человека-паука (2000) режиме « Что если? .
• Нэмор появляется как вспомогательный персонаж в для Game Boy Advance версии Marvel: Ultimate Alliance , озвученный Питером Ренадеем .
• Нэмор появляется как игровой персонаж в Marvel Strike Force .
• Нэмор появляется как игровой персонаж в Marvel: Future Fight .
• Нэмор появляется как игровой персонаж в Marvel Super War .
• Нэмор появится как игровой персонаж в Marvel Rivals .

Разнообразный

• Нэмор появляется в комиксе «Нелюди» , озвученном Тревором Деваллом .

Сборники изданий

Золотой век

Заголовок	Собран материал	Дата публикации	ISBN
Величайшее по версии Timely: «Подводник золотого века» Билла Эверетта — сборник довоенных лет	Комиксы Marvel №1; Загадочные комиксы Marvel № 2–31; Комиксы «Подводник» № 1–4; Человек-факел № 2–6; Комиксы-победители № 1–4; Дерзкие мистические комиксы № 7–8; Комедийные комиксы №9	сентябрь 2019 г.	978-1302919351
Величайшее по версии Timely: «Подводник золотого века» Билла Эверетта - сборник послевоенных лет	Комиксы Sub-Mariner № 21–24, 26–30, 32–42; Намора №1–3; Загадочные комиксы Marvel № 84–86, 90–91; Человек-Факел №28, №30, №37-38; Блондинка-призрак № 17; Молодые люди № 24–28; Мужские приключения №28	июль 2020 г.	978-1302922504
Marvel Masterworks : Golden Age Sub-Mariner Vol. 1	Комиксы «Подводник» № 1–4	июнь 2005 г.	978-0785116172
Marvel Masterworks: Golden Age Sub-Mariner Vol. 2	Комиксы «Подводник» № 5–8	август 2007 г.	978-0785122470
Marvel Masterworks: Golden Age Sub-Mariner Vol. 3	Комиксы «Подводник» № 9–12	декабрь 2009 г.	978-0785133513
Marvel Masterworks: Герои эпохи Атласа, том. 3	Комиксы «Подводник» № 33–42	сентябрь 2008 г.	978-0785129301
Десятилетия: Чудо 40-х годов — Человек-Факел против Подводника	Загадочные комиксы Marvel № 7–10; Комиксы «Человек-факел» № 5B, 8, 10	январь 2019 г.	978-1302916589

Современный век

Заголовок	Собран материал	Дата публикации	ISBN
Шедевры Marvel: The Sub-Mariner Vol. 1	Удивительные сказки № 70–87	май 2002 г.	9780785108757
Шедевры Marvel: The Sub-Mariner Vol. 2	Удивительные истории № 88–101, Железный человек и Подводник № 1, Подводник № 1	июнь 2007 г.	9780785126881
Шедевры Marvel: The Sub-Mariner Vol. 3	Подводник № 2–13	август 2009 г.	9780785134879
Шедевры Marvel: The Sub-Mariner Vol. 4	Подводник № 14–25	февраль 2011 г.	9780785150480
Шедевры Marvel: The Sub-Mariner Vol. 5	Sub-Mariner № 26–38 и материалы Ка-Зара № 1.	Январь 2014 г.	9780785166191
Шедевры Marvel: The Sub-Mariner Vol. 6	Подводник № 39–49 и Сорвиголова № 77.	февраль 2015 г.	9780785191841
Шедевры Marvel: The Sub-Mariner Vol. 7	Подводник № 50–60	Январь 2016 г.	9780785199151
Шедевры Marvel: The Sub-Mariner Vol. 8	Sub-Mariner № 61–72 и Marvel Spotlight № 27	январь 2018 г.	9781302909628
Незаменимый субмаринер	Удивительные сказки № 70–101; Сказки о саспенсе № 80; Железный Человек и Подводник №1; Подводник №1, Сорвиголова (том 1) №7	сентябрь 2009 г.	9780785130758
Могучие шедевры Marvel: Нэмор, подводник Том. 1: Квест начинается	Удивительные истории № 70–80 и Сорвиголова (том 1) № 7	ноябрь 2022 г.	978-1302948856
подводников, Нэмор, Эпический сборник том. 1: Войдите в подводника	Удивительные истории № 70–76, Фантастическая четверка (том 1) № 4, 6, 9, 14, 27, 33; Ежегодник «Фантастической четверки» (том 1) № 1; Странные сказки № 107, 125; Мстители (том 1) №3-4; Люди Икс (том 1) №6; Сорвиголова (том 1) #7	апрель 2021 г.	978-1302928360
Нэмор, Эпический сборник подводников, том. 3: Кто наносит удар по Атлантиде?	Подводник № 4-27	февраль 2023 г.	978-1302949747
Namor Visionaries - Джон Бирн Том. 1	Нэмор, подводник № 1–9	февраль 2011 г.	9780785153047
Namor Visionaries - Джон Бирн Том. 2	Нэмор, подводник № 10–18	Сентябрь 2012 г.	9780785160434
Нэмор-подводник, Джон Бирн и Джей Ли Омнибус	Нэмор, подводник № 1–40, Ежегодник № 1–2 и материалы из Ежегодника Incredible Hulk № 18; Ежегодник Серебряного Серфера № 5; Доктор Стрэндж, Ежегодник Верховного Волшебника № 2	октябрь 2019 г.	978-1302919665
Эпический сборник: Фантастическая четверка. Том. 23: Никто не выйдет живым	Нэмор, Подводник № 47–48 и Фантастическая четверка (том 1) № 377–392, Ежегодник «Фантастическая четверка» № 27, «Фантастическая четверка» № 1	март 2022 г.	978-1302934477
Эпический сборник: Невероятный Халк Том. 24: Одинокие и ровные пески	Hulk & Submariner Annual '98 и Incredible Hulk (том 2) № 460-474; Ежегодник «Человека Икс и Халка» '98	апрель 2023 г.	978-1302951061
Подводник и оригинальный человек-факел	Сага о подводнике № 1–12 и Сага о Человеке-факеле № 1–4.	Сентябрь 2014 г.	978-0785190486
Подводник: Революция	Sub-Mariner (том 2) № 1–6	февраль 2008 г.	978-0785127475
Sub-Mariner: Глубины	Sub-Mariner: Глубины №1–5	декабрь 2009 г.	978-0785133377
Нэмор: Первый мутант - Том 1: Проклятие мутантов	Нэмор: Первый мутант № 1–6	февраль 2011 г.	978-0785151746
Нэмор: Первый мутант - Том 2: Нэмор попадает в ад	Нэмор: Первый мутант № 5–11	Сентябрь 2011 г.	978-0785151760
Люди Икс/Стив Роджерс: Побег из негативной зоны	Нэмор: Ежегодник первых мутантов № 1, Ежегодник «Странные Люди Икс» № 3, Ежегодник Стива Роджерса: Суперсолдат № 1	август 2011 г.	978-0785155607
Капитан Америка и Мстители: Полное собрание	Капитан Америка и Нэмор № 635.1 и Капитан Америка и Соколиный глаз № 629–632, Капитан Америка и Железный Человек № 633–635, Капитан Америка и Черная Вдова № 636–640.	август 2017 г.	978-1302908584
Защитники: лучшая защита	Нэмор: Лучшая защита №1 и Бессмертный Халк: Лучшая защита №1, Доктор Стрэндж: Лучшая защита №1, Серебряный Серфер: Лучшая защита №1, Защитники: Лучшая защита №1.	март 2019 г.	978-1302916145
Король в черном: Нэмор	Король в черном: Нэмор # 1–5	июль 2021 г.	978-1804910511

См. также

• Список дебютов супергероев Marvel Comics
• Аквамен — аналогичный персонаж из DC Comics.

Ссылки

Библиография

• Белл, Блейк (22 сентября 2010 г.). Огонь и вода: Билл Эверетт, «Подводник» и рождение комиксов Marvel . Сиэтл, Вашингтон , США: Книги по фантаграфике . ISBN  978-1606991664 .
• Бентон, Майк (1991). Комиксы о супергероях Серебряного века: Иллюстрированная история . Остин, Техас , США: Издательство Taylor Publishing Company . ISBN  978-0-87833-746-0 .
• Дэниелс, Лес (1991). Marvel: пять потрясающих десятилетий величайших комиксов мира . Нью-Йорк , США: Гарри Н. Абрамс . ISBN  9780810938212 .
• ДеФалко, Том ; Бревурт, Том ; Мэннинг, Мэтью; Сандерсон, Питер (3 ноября 2008 г.). Хроники Marvel: История из года в год . Лондон , Англия: ДК . ISBN  978-0756641238 .
• Мэдисон, Натан Вернон (3 января 2013 г.). Антииностранные образы в американских фильмах и комиксах, 1920–1960 гг . Джефферсон, Северная Каролина , США: McFarland & Company . ISBN  978-0786470952 .
• Маслон, Лоуренс ; Кантор, Майкл (2013). Супергерои!: Накидки, капюшоны и создание культуры комиксов . Нью-Йорк , США: Архетип Короны . ISBN  978-0385348584 .
• Сандерсон, Питер (2007). Путеводитель по Нью-Йорку из комиксов Marvel . Нью-Йорк , США: Карманные книги . ISBN  978-1-4165-3141-8 .
• Томас, Рой ; Томас, Данн (2014). Sub-Mariner и оригинальный человек-факел . Нью-Йорк , США: Marvel Entertainment . ISBN  9781302403812 .

Внешние ссылки

• Нэмор в Marvel
• Нэмор в вики вселенной Marvel
• Каталог Marvel: Нэмор
• Подводник в Toonopedia Дона Маркштейна
• Прайор, Моник (25 ноября 2003 г.). «Посвящение Биллу Эверетту, отцу подводника» . Джим Хилл Медиа. Архивировано из оригинала 28 февраля 2006 года.
• «Наследие выставит на аукцион легендарную «платную копию» еженедельника «Киноприколы №1»!» (Пресс-релиз). Галереи наследия и аукционисты. 16 сентября 2005 г. Архивировано из оригинала 10 ноября 2011 г. {{cite press release}}: CS1 maint: bot: исходный статус URL неизвестен ( ссылка )