Президентские выборы в США 2012 г.

Информацию о связанных расах см. в разделе «Выборы в США в 2012 году» .

Президентские выборы в США 2012 г.

6 ноября 2012 г.
538 членов Коллегии выборщиков Для победы необходимо 270 голосов выборщиков
Опросы общественного мнения
Оказаться	58.6% 3,0 п.п.
Nominee Barack Obama Mitt Romney Party Democratic Republican Home state Illinois Massachusetts Running mate Joe Biden Paul Ryan Electoral vote 332 206 States carried 26 + DC 24 Popular vote 65,915,795 60,933,504 Percentage 51.1% 47.2%
Presidential election results map. Blue denotes states won by Obama/Biden and red denotes those won by Romney/Ryan. Numbers indicate electoral votes cast by each state and the District of Columbia.
President before election Barack Obama Democratic Elected President Barack Obama Democratic

— Президентские выборы в США 2012 года 57-е президентские выборы , состоявшиеся раз в четыре года, состоявшиеся во вторник, 6 ноября 2012 года. Действующий -демократ президент Барак Обама и его кандидат на пост вице-президента , действующий вице-президент Джо Байден , были переизбраны на второй срок. Они победили республиканский список бывшего губернатора Митта Ромни Массачусетса Пола и члена Палаты представителей Райана от Висконсина .

Как действующий президент , Обама добился выдвижения от Демократической партии без серьезного сопротивления. Республиканцы пережили конкурентные предварительные выборы . Ромни последовательно демонстрировал конкурентоспособность в опросах и завоевал поддержку многих партийных лидеров, но столкнулся с проблемами со стороны ряда более консервативных соперников. Ромни добился выдвижения своей партии в мае, победив среди других кандидатов бывшего сенатора Рика Санторума , бывшего спикера палаты представителей Ньюта Гингрича и конгрессмена от Техаса Рона Пола .

The campaigns focused heavily on domestic issues, and debate centered largely around sound responses to the Great Recession. Other issues included long-term federal budget issues, the future of social insurance programs, and the Affordable Care Act, Obama's marquee legislative program. Foreign policy was also discussed, including the end of the Iraq War in 2011, military spending, the Iranian nuclear program, and appropriate counteractions to terrorism. Romney attacked Obama's domestic policies as ineffective and financially insolvent while Obama's campaign sought to characterize Romney as a plutocratic businessman who was out of touch with the average American. The campaign was marked by a sharp rise in fundraising, including from nominally independent Super PACs.

Obama defeated Romney, winning a majority of both the Electoral College and the popular vote. Obama won 332 electoral votes and 51.1% of the popular vote compared to Romney's 206 electoral votes and 47.2%. The results of the electoral vote were certified by Congress on January 4, 2013. Obama was the first president since Ronald Reagan in 1984 to win a majority of the national popular vote more than once, and the first Democrat to do so since Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944. Obama also became only the sixth Democratic president in history to win a second term (after Andrew Jackson, Grover Cleveland, Woodrow Wilson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Bill Clinton), and the third sitting president in a row (after Clinton and George W. Bush) to win a second term.

Obama did not hold onto Indiana, North Carolina, or Nebraska's 2nd congressional district, but crucially won all 18 "blue wall" states and defeated Romney in other swing states the Republicans had won in 2000 and 2004, most notably Colorado, Florida, Nevada, Ohio, and Virginia. Ultimately, of the nine swing states identified by The Washington Post in the 2012 election, Obama won eight, losing only North Carolina. This is the most recent presidential election in which the Democratic candidate won the states of Iowa, Ohio, and Florida, along with Maine's 2nd congressional district, the most recent presidential election in which the incumbent president won reelection, and the most recent in which neither major party's ticket included a woman. This was the last election in which a presidential candidate received above 70% of the vote in any state, with Hawaii for Obama and Utah for Romney, as well as the most recent election in which Donald Trump was not the Republican nominee.

All four major candidates for president and vice president went on to hold significant public office after this election. Obama served his second term as president, while Biden also served his second term as vice president and initially retired from politics but was later elected president in 2020, defeating Obama's successor, then-incumbent Donald Trump. This is the most recent election in which two major party nominees would go on to become president. Romney moved to Utah in 2014 and was elected to the Senate there in 2018, succeeding Orrin Hatch. Ryan served three more terms in the House and eventually became Speaker from 2015 until his retirement from politics in 2019.

State changes to voter registration and electoral rules

In 2011, several state legislatures passed new voting laws, especially pertaining to voter identification, with the stated purpose of combating voter fraud; the laws were attacked, however, by the Democratic Party as attempts to suppress voting among its supporters and to improve the Republican Party's presidential prospects. Florida, Georgia, Ohio, Tennessee, and West Virginia's state legislatures approved measures to shorten early voting periods. Florida and Iowa barred all felons from voting. Kansas, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Wisconsin state legislatures passed laws requiring voters to have government-issued IDs before they could cast their ballots. This meant, typically, that people without driver's licenses or passports had to gain new forms of ID. Former president Bill Clinton denounced them, saying, "There has never been in my lifetime, since we got rid of the poll tax and all the Jim Crow burdens on voting, the determined effort to limit the franchise that we see today". He was referring to Jim Crow laws passed in southern states near the turn of the twentieth century that disenfranchised most blacks from voting and excluded them from the political process for more than six decades. Clinton said the moves would effectively disenfranchise core voter blocs that trend liberal, including college students, black people, and Latinos. The Obama campaign fought against the Ohio law, pushing for a petition and statewide referendum to repeal it in time for the 2012 election.

In addition, the Pennsylvania legislature proposed a plan to change its representation in the electoral college from the traditional winner-take-all model to a district-by-district model. As the governorship and both houses of its legislature were Republican-controlled, the move was viewed by some as an attempt to reduce Democratic chances. Ultimately they did not do it, leaving their winner take all format intact as of 2020.

Nominations

Democratic Party nomination

Main article: 2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries

Primaries

With an incumbent president running for re-election against token opposition, the race for the Democratic nomination was largely uneventful. The nomination process consisted of primaries and caucuses, held by the 50 states, as well as Guam, Puerto Rico, Washington, D.C., U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and Democrats Abroad. Additionally, high-ranking party members known as superdelegates each received one vote in the convention. A few of the primary challengers surpassed the president's vote total in individual counties in several of the seven contested primaries, though none made a significant impact in the delegate count. Running unopposed everywhere else, Obama cemented his status as the Democratic presumptive nominee on April 3, 2012, by securing the minimum number of pledged delegates needed to obtain the nomination.

Candidate

Main article: 2012 Democratic Party presidential candidates

Democratic Party (United States) 2012 Democratic Party ticket
Barack Obama	Joe Biden
for President	for Vice President
44th President of the United States (2009–2017)	47th Vice President of the United States (2009–2017)
Campaign

Republican Party nomination

Main article: 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries

Primaries

Candidates with considerable name recognition who entered the race for the Republican presidential nomination in the early stages of the primary campaign included U.S. Representative and former Libertarian nominee Ron Paul, former Minnesota Governor Tim Pawlenty, who co-chaired John McCain's campaign in 2008, former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, the runner-up for the nomination in the 2008 cycle, and former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich.

The first debate took place on May 5, 2011, in Greenville, South Carolina, with businessman Herman Cain, former New Mexico Governor Gary Johnson, Ron Paul, Tim Pawlenty, and former Pennsylvania Senator Rick Santorum participating. Another debate took place a month later, with Newt Gingrich, Mitt Romney, former Utah Governor Jon Huntsman, and Minnesota Congresswoman Michele Bachmann participating, and Gary Johnson excluded. A total of thirteen debates were held before the Iowa caucuses.

The first major event of the campaign was the Ames Straw Poll, which took place in Iowa on August 13, 2011. Michele Bachmann won the straw poll (this ultimately proved to be the acme of her campaign). Pawlenty withdrew from the race after a poor showing in the straw poll, as did Thaddeus McCotter, the only candidate among those who qualified for the ballot who was refused entrance into the debate.

It became clear at around this point in the nomination process that while Romney was considered to be the likely nominee by the Republican establishment, a large segment of the conservative primary electorate found him to be too moderate for their political views. As a result, a number of potential "anti-Romney" candidates were put forward, including future President Donald Trump, former Alaska Governor and 2008 vice-presidential nominee Sarah Palin, New Jersey Governor Chris Christie, and Texas Governor Rick Perry, the last of whom decided to run in August 2011. Perry did poorly in the debates, however, and Herman Cain and then Newt Gingrich came to the fore in October and November.

Due to a number of scandals, Cain withdrew just before the end of the year, after having ballot placement in several states. Around the same time, Johnson, who had been able to get into only one other debate, withdrew to seek the Libertarian Party nomination.

For the first time in modern Republican Party history, three different candidates won the first three state contests in January (the Iowa caucuses, the New Hampshire primary, and the South Carolina primary). Although Romney had been expected to win in at least Iowa and New Hampshire, Rick Santorum won the non-binding poll at caucus sites in Iowa by 34 votes, as near as could be determined from the incomplete tally, earning him a declaration as winner by state party leaders, although vote totals were missing from eight precincts. The election of county delegates at the caucuses would eventually lead to Ron Paul earning 22 of the 28 Iowa delegates to the Republican National Convention. Newt Gingrich won South Carolina by a surprisingly large margin, and Romney won only in New Hampshire.

A number of candidates dropped out at this point in the nomination process. Bachmann withdrew after finishing sixth in the Iowa caucuses, Huntsman withdrew after coming in third in New Hampshire, and Perry withdrew when polls showed him drawing low numbers in South Carolina.

Mitt Romney on the campaign trail

Santorum, who had previously run an essentially one-state campaign in Iowa, was able to organize a national campaign after his surprising victory there. He unexpectedly carried three states in a row on February 7 and overtook Romney in nationwide opinion polls, becoming the only candidate in the race to effectively challenge the notion that Romney was the inevitable nominee. However, Romney won all of the other contests between South Carolina and the Super Tuesday primaries, and regained his first-place status in nationwide opinion polls by the end of February.

The Super Tuesday primaries took place on March 6. Romney carried six states, Santorum carried three, and Gingrich won only in his home state of Georgia. Throughout the rest of March, 266 delegates were allocated in 12 events, including the territorial contests and the first local conventions that allocated delegates (Wyoming's county conventions). Santorum won Kansas and three Southern primaries, but he was unable to make any substantial gain on Romney, who became a formidable frontrunner after securing more than half of the delegates allocated in March.

On April 10, Santorum suspended his campaign due to a variety of reasons, such as a low delegate count, unfavorable polls in his home state of Pennsylvania, and his daughter's health, leaving Mitt Romney as the undisputed front-runner for the presidential nomination and allowing Gingrich to claim that he was "the last conservative standing" in the campaign for the nomination. After disappointing results in the April 24 primaries (finishing second in one state, third in three, and fourth in one), Gingrich dropped out on May 2 in a move that was seen as an effective end to the contest for the nomination. After Gingrich's spokesman announced his upcoming withdrawal, the Republican National Committee declared Romney the party's presumptive nominee. Ron Paul officially remained in the race, but he stopped campaigning on May 14 to focus on state conventions.

On May 29, after winning the Texas primary, Romney had received a sufficient number of delegates to clinch the party's nomination with the inclusion of unpledged delegates. After winning the June 5 primaries in California and several other states, Romney had received more than enough pledged delegates to clinch the nomination without counting unpledged delegates, making the June 26 Utah Primary, the last contest of the cycle, purely symbolic. CNN's final delegate estimate, released on July 27, 2012, put Romney at 1,462 pledged delegates and 62 unpledged delegates, for a total estimate of 1,524 delegates. No other candidate had unpledged delegates. The delegate estimates for the other candidates were Santorum at 261 delegates, Paul at 154, Gingrich at 142, Bachmann at 1, Huntsman at 1, and all others at 0.

On August 28, 2012, delegates at the Republican National Convention officially named Romney the party's presidential nominee. Romney formally accepted the delegates' nomination on August 30, 2012.

Candidate

Main article: 2012 Republican Party presidential candidates

Republican Party (United States) 2012 Republican Party ticket
Mitt Romney	Paul Ryan
for President	for Vice President
70th Governor of Massachusetts (2003–2007)	U.S. Representative from Wisconsin (1999–2019)
Campaign

Withdrawn candidates

showCandidates in this section are sorted by reverse date of withdrawal from the primaries
Ron Paul	Newt Gingrich	Rick Santorum	Buddy Roemer	Rick Perry	Jon Huntsman Jr.
U.S. Representative from Texas (1997–2013)	50th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (1995–1999)	U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania   (1995–2007)	52nd Governor of Louisiana (1988–1992)	47th Governor of Texas (2000–2015)	U.S. Ambassador to China (2009–2011)
Campaign	Campaign	Campaign	Campaign	Campaign	Campaign
W: N/A 2,017,957 votes	W: May 2 2,737,442 votes	W: April 10 3,816,110 votes	W: Feb 22 33,212 votes	W: Jan 19 42,251 votes	W: Jan 16 83,173 votes
Michele Bachmann	Gary Johnson	Herman Cain	Thaddeus McCotter	Tim Pawlenty	Fred Karger
U.S. Representative from Minnesota (2007–2013)	29th Governor of New Mexico (1995–2003)	Chair of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City (1995–1996)	U.S. Representative from Michigan (2003–2012)	39th Governor of Minnesota (2003–2011)	Political Consultant
Campaign	Campaign	Campaign	Campaign	Campaign	Campaign
W: Jan 4 35,089 votes	W: Dec 28, 2011 4,286 votes	W: Dec 3, 2011 13,538 votes	W: Sep 22, 2011 0 votes	W: Aug 14, 2011 0 votes	W: June 29, 2012 12,776 votes

Third party and other nominations

Main article: Third-party and independent candidates for the 2012 United States presidential election

Four other parties nominated candidates that had ballot access or write-in access to at least 270 electoral votes, the minimum number of votes needed in the 2012 election to win the presidency through a majority of the electoral college.

Libertarian Party

Main articles: Libertarian Party (United States), 2012 Libertarian National Convention, and Gary Johnson 2012 presidential campaign

• Gary Johnson, former governor of New Mexico. Vice-presidential nominee: Jim Gray, retired state court judge, from California.

Green Party

Main articles: Green Party of the United States, 2012 Green National Convention, and Jill Stein 2012 presidential campaign

• Jill Stein, medical doctor from Massachusetts. Vice-presidential nominee: Cheri Honkala, social organizer, from Pennsylvania.

Constitution Party

Main articles: Constitution Party (United States), 2012 Constitution Party National Convention, and Virgil Goode 2012 presidential campaign

• Virgil Goode, former representative from Virginia. Vice-presidential nominee: Jim Clymer from Pennsylvania.

Justice Party

Main articles: Justice Party (United States) and Rocky Anderson

• Rocky Anderson, former mayor of Salt Lake City and founding member of the Justice Party, from Utah. Vice-presidential nominee: Luis J. Rodriguez from California.

Candidates gallery

• 
  Gary Johnson
  (campaign)
• 
  Jill Stein
  (campaign)
• 
  Virgil Goode
  (campaign)
• 
  Rocky Anderson

Campaigns

See also: Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign, Mitt Romney 2012 presidential campaign, Gary Johnson 2012 presidential campaign, Jill Stein 2012 presidential campaign, and Virgil Goode 2012 presidential campaign

Ballot access

Presidential ticket	Party	Ballot access			Votes	Percentage
		States	Electors	% of voters
Obama / Biden	Democratic	50 + DC	538	100%	65,915,795	51.1%
Romney / Ryan	Republican	50 + DC	538	100%	60,933,504	47.2%
Johnson / Gray	Libertarian	48 + DC	515	95.1%	1,275,971	1.0%
Stein / Honkala	Green	36 + DC	436	83.1%	469,627	0.4%
Goode / Clymer	Constitution	26	257	49.9%	122,388	0.1%
Anderson / Rodriguez	Justice	15	145	28.1%	43,018	nil
Lindsay / Osorio	Socialism & Liberation	13	115	28.6%	7,791	nil

Candidates in bold were on ballots representing 270 electoral votes.

All other candidates were on the ballots of fewer than 10 states, 100 electors, and less than 20% of voters nationwide.

Financing and advertising

The United States presidential election of 2012 broke new records in financing, fundraising, and negative campaigning. Through grassroots campaign contributions, online donations, and Super PACs, Obama and Romney raised a combined total of more than $2 billion. Super PACs constituted nearly one-fourth of the total financing, with most coming from pro-Romney PACs. Obama raised $690 million through online channels, beating his record of $500 million in 2008. Most of the advertising in the 2012 presidential campaign was decidedly negative—80% of Obama's ads and 84% of Romney's ads were negative. The tax-exempt non-profit Americans for Prosperity, a so-called "outside group", that is, a political advocacy group that is not a political action committee or super-PAC, ran a television advertising campaign opposing Obama described by The Washington Post as "early and relentless". Americans for Prosperity spent $8.4 million in swing states on television advertisements denouncing the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 loan guarantee to Solyndra, a manufacturer of solar panels that went bankrupt, an advertising campaign described by The Wall Street Journal in November 2011 as "perhaps the biggest attack on Mr. Obama so far".

Party conventions

Charlotte

Tampa

Nashville

Las Vegas

Baltimore

class=notpageimage|

Sites of the 2012 national party conventions

• April 18–21, 2012: 2012 Constitution Party National Convention held in Nashville, Tennessee; Virgil Goode won the nomination.
• May 3–6, 2012: 2012 Libertarian National Convention held in Las Vegas, Nevada; Gary Johnson won the nomination.
• July 13–15, 2012: 2012 Green National Convention held in Baltimore, Maryland; Jill Stein won the nomination.
• August 27–30, 2012: 2012 Republican National Convention held in Tampa, Florida; Mitt Romney won the nomination.
• September 3–6, 2012: 2012 Democratic National Convention held in Charlotte, North Carolina; Barack Obama won the nomination.

Presidential debates

Main article: 2012 United States presidential debates

The Commission on Presidential Debates held four debates during the last weeks of the campaign: three presidential and one vice-presidential. The major issues debated were the economy and jobs, the federal budget deficit, taxation and spending, the future of Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid, healthcare reform, education, social issues, immigration, and foreign policy.

Debate schedule:

Debates among candidates for the 2012 U.S. presidential election

No.	Date	Host	City	Moderator	Participants	Viewership (million)
P1	Wednesday, October 3, 2012	University of Denver	Denver, Colorado	Jim Lehrer	Barack Obama Mitt Romney	67.2
VP	Thursday, October 11, 2012	Centre College	Danville, Kentucky	Martha Raddatz	Joe Biden Paul Ryan	51.4
P2	Tuesday, October 16, 2012	Hofstra University	Hempstead, New York	Candy Crowley	Barack Obama Mitt Romney	65.6
P3	Monday, October 22, 2012	Lynn University	Boca Raton, Florida	Bob Schieffer	Barack Obama Mitt Romney	59.2

President Obama talks with Ron Klain during presidential debate preparations. Senator John Kerry, at podium, played the role of Mitt Romney during the preparatory sessions.

An independent presidential debate featuring minor party candidates took place on Tuesday, October 23 at the Hilton Hotel in Chicago, Illinois. The debate was moderated by Larry King and organized by the Free & Equal Elections Foundation. The participants were Gary Johnson (Libertarian), Jill Stein (Green), Virgil Goode (Constitution), and Rocky Anderson (Justice). A second debate between Stein and Johnson took place on Sunday, November 4, and was moderated by Ralph Nader.

Notable expressions, phrases, and statements

• Severely conservative – In a speech he made at the Conservative Political Action Conference in February 2012, Romney claimed that he had been a "severely conservative Republican governor". Romney's description of his record as "severely conservative" was widely criticized by political commentators as both rhetorically clumsy and factually inaccurate. Later, the phrase "severely conservative" was frequently brought up by Democrats to make fun of Romney's willingness to associate himself with the far-right of the Republican Party as well as his apparent lack of sincerity while doing so. Conservative radio host Rush Limbaugh, who played the clip on his radio show, said: "I have never heard anybody say, 'I'm severely conservative.' "
• You didn't build that – A portion of a statement that Obama made in a July 2012 campaign speech in Roanoke, Virginia. Obama said that businesses depend on government-provided infrastructure to succeed, but critics of his remarks argued that he was underplaying the work of entrepreneurs and giving the government credit for individuals' success. The Romney campaign immediately used the statement in an effort to contrast Romney's economic policies with Obama's and to appeal to small business owners/employees. A major theme of the 2012 Republican National Convention was "We Built It".
• 47 percent – An expression Romney used at a private campaign fundraising event, which was secretly recorded and publicly released. At the private event, Romney said that 47 percent of the people would vote for Barack Obama no matter what Romney said or did because those people "...are dependent upon government... I'll never convince them they should take personal responsibility and care for their lives." Ironically, Romney received almost exactly 47% of the vote.
• The 1980s are now calling to ask for their foreign policy back – A portion of a statement that Obama made in an October 2012 debate. In the debate, Obama was deriding an earlier Romney statement in the campaign that Russia is "without question, our No. 1 geopolitical foe."
• Binders full of women – A phrase that Romney used in the second presidential debate to refer to the long list of female candidates that he considered when choosing his cabinet members as Governor of Massachusetts.
• Horses and bayonets – After Romney said in the third presidential debate that the U.S. Navy was smaller than at any time since 1917, Obama replied, "We have fewer ships than we did in 1916. Well, governor, we also have fewer horses and bayonets, because the nature of our military's changed."
• Shovel-ready jobs – a phrase used to describe some stimulus projects promoted by the administration. During the debate on September 23, 2011, Gary Johnson quipped, "My next-door neighbor's two dogs have created more shovel-ready jobs than this president."
• Romnesia – A term coined by a blogger in April 2011 and used by Obama late in the campaign to describe Romney's alleged inability to take responsibility for his past statements.
• $10,000 bet – During a Republican debate, Romney facetiously bet Texas governor Rick Perry $10,000 that he (Perry) was wrong about Romney's position on the individual mandate under the Affordable Healthcare Act. The statement was vilified by Democrats as exemplary of Romney being out of touch with working-class and middle-class Americans.
• Romneyshambles – a word used by the British press after Romney criticized British preparations for the 2012 Summer Olympics. The word is a play on omnishambles, and it became a popular hashtag on Twitter. It was subsequently chosen as one of Collins English Dictionary's words of the year.
• Malarkey – a word used by Joe Biden in his debate with Paul Ryan to mean bullshit. Biden later used the word in his own campaign in 2020.

Results

Electoral results

On the day of the election, spread betting firm Spreadex were offering an Obama Electoral College Votes spread of 296–300 to Romney's 239–243. In reality Obama's victory over Romney was far greater, winning 332 electoral votes to Romney's 206. Romney lost all but one of nine battleground states, and received 47 percent of the nationwide popular vote to Obama's 51 percent.

Of the 3,154 counties/districts/independent cities making returns, Romney won the most popular votes in 2,447 (77.58%) while Obama carried 707 (22.42%).

Popular vote totals are from the Federal Election Commission report.

Electoral results

Presidential candidate	Party	Home state	Popular vote		Electoral vote	Running mate
			Count	Percentage		Vice-presidential candidate	Home state	Electoral vote
Barack Obama (incumbent)	Democratic	Illinois	65,915,795	51.06%	332	Joe Biden (incumbent)	Delaware	332
Mitt Romney	Republican	Massachusetts	60,933,504	47.20%	206	Paul Ryan	Wisconsin	206
Gary Johnson	Libertarian	New Mexico	1,275,971	0.99%	0	Jim Gray	California	0
Jill Stein	Green	Massachusetts	469,627	0.36%	0	Cheri Honkala	Minnesota	0
Virgil Goode	Constitution	Virginia	122,389	0.11%	0	James N. Clymer	Pennsylvania	0
Roseanne Barr	Peace and Freedom	Utah	67,326	0.05%	0	Cindy Sheehan	California	0
Rocky Anderson	Justice	Utah	43,018	0.03%	0	Luis J. Rodriguez	Texas	0
Tom Hoefling	America's	Nebraska	40,628	0.03%	0	J.D. Ellis	Tennessee	0
Other			217,152	0.17%	—	Other		—
Total			129,085,410	100%	538			538
Needed to win					270			270

President Obama casts his ballot at the Martin Luther King Jr. Community Center in Chicago.

Popular vote Obama   51.06% Romney   47.20% Johnson   0.99% Stein   0.36% Others   0.39%

Electoral vote Obama   61.71% Romney   38.29%

Results by state

The table below displays the official vote tallies by each state's Electoral College voting method. The source for the results of all states, except those that amended their official results, is the official Federal Election Commission report. The column labeled "Margin" shows Obama's margin of victory over Romney (the margin is negative for every state that Romney won).

Legend

States/districts won by Obama/Biden
States/districts won by Romney/Ryan
†	At-large results (for states that split electoral votes)

State/District	Barack Obama Democratic			Mitt Romney Republican			Gary Johnson Libertarian			Jill Stein Green			Others			Margin		Total
	#	%	EV	#	%	EV	#	%	EV	#	%	EV	#	%	EV	#	%	#
Alabama	795,696	38.36%	–	1,255,925	60.55%	9	12,328	0.59%	–	3,397	0.16%	–	6,992	0.3%	–	−460,229	−22.19%	2,074,338	AL
Alaska	122,640	40.81%	–	164,676	54.80%	3	7,392	2.46%	–	2,917	0.97%	–	2,870	1.0%	–	−42,036	−13.99%	300,495	AK
Arizona	1,025,232	44.59%	–	1,233,654	53.65%	11	32,100	1.39%	–	7,816	0.34%	–	452	nil	–	−208,422	−9.06%	2,299,254	AZ
Arkansas	394,409	36.88%	–	647,744	60.57%	6	16,276	1.52%	–	9,305	0.87%	–	1,734	0.16%	–	−253,335	−23.69%	1,069,468	AR
California	7,854,285	60.24%	55	4,839,958	37.12%	–	143,221	1.10%	–	85,638	0.66%	–	115,445	0.88%	–	3,014,327	23.12%	13,038,547	CA
Colorado	1,323,102	51.49%	9	1,185,243	46.13%	–	35,545	1.38%	–	7,508	0.29%	–	18,121	0.71%	–	137,858	5.36%	2,569,518	CO
Connecticut	905,083	58.06%	7	634,892	40.73%	–	12,580	0.81%	–	863	0.06%	–	5,542	0.36%	–	270,191	17.33%	1,558,960	CT
Delaware	242,584	58.61%	3	165,484	39.98%	–	3,882	0.94%	–	1,940	0.47%	–	31	nil	–	77,100	18.63%	413,921	DE
District of ColumbiaDistrict of Columbia	267,070	90.91%	3	21,381	7.28%	–	2,083	0.71%	–	2,458	0.84%	–	772	0.26%	–	245,689	83.63%	293,764	DC
Florida	4,237,756	50.01%	29	4,163,447	49.13%	–	44,726	0.5%	–	8,947	0.1%	–	19,303	0.2%	–	74,309	0.88%	8,474,179	FL
Georgia	1,773,827	45.48%	–	2,078,688	53.30%	16	45,324	1.2%	–	1,516	nil	–	695	nil	–	−304,861	−7.82%	3,900,050	GA
Hawaii	306,658	70.55%	4	121,015	27.84%	–	3,840	0.9%	–	3,184	0.7%	–	–	–	–	185,643	42.71%	434,697	HI
Idaho	212,787	32.40%	–	420,911	64.09%	4	9,453	1.5%	–	4,402	0.7%	–	4,721	0.7%	–	−208,124	−31.69%	652,274	ID
Illinois	3,019,512	57.60%	20	2,135,216	40.73%	–	56,229	1.1%	–	30,222	0.6%	–	835	nil	–	884,296	16.87%	5,242,014	IL
Indiana	1,152,887	43.93%	–	1,420,543	54.13%	11	50,111	1.9%	–	625	nil	–	368	nil	–	−267,656	−10.20%	2,624,534	IN
Iowa	822,544	51.99%	6	730,617	46.18%	–	12,926	0.8%	–	3,769	0.2%	–	12,324	0.8%	–	91,927	5.81%	1,582,180	IA
Kansas	440,726	38.05%	–	692,634	59.66%	6	20,456	1.8%	–	714	0.1%	–	5,441	0.5%	–	−251,908	−21.71%	1,159,971	KS
Kentucky	679,370	37.80%	–	1,087,190	60.49%	8	17,063	1.0%	–	6,337	0.4%	–	7,252	0.4%	–	−407,820	−22.69%	1,797,212	KY
Louisiana	809,141	40.58%	–	1,152,262	57.78%	8	18,157	0.9%	–	6,978	0.4%	–	7,527	0.4%	–	−343,121	−17.20%	1,994,065	LA
Maine†	401,306	56.27%	2	292,276	40.98%	–	9,352	1.3%	–	8,119	1.1%	–	2,127	0.3%	–	109,030	15.29%	713,180	ME–AL
ME-1Tooltip Maine's 1st congressional district	223,035	59.57%	1	142,937	38.18%	–	4,501	1.2%	–	3,946	1.1%	–	–	–	–	80,098	21.39%	374,149	ME1
ME-2Tooltip Maine's 2nd congressional district	177,998	52.94%	1	149,215	44.38%	–	4,843	1.4%	–	4,170	1.2%	–	–	–	–	28,783	8.56%	336,226	ME2
Maryland	1,677,844	61.97%	10	971,869	35.90%	–	30,195	1.1%	–	17,110	0.6%	–	10,309	0.4%	–	705,975	26.07%	2,707,327	MD
Massachusetts	1,921,290	60.65%	11	1,188,314	37.51%	–	30,920	1.0%	–	20,691	0.7%	–	6,552	0.2%	–	732,976	23.14%	3,167,767	MA
Michigan	2,564,569	54.21%	16	2,115,256	44.71%	–	7,774	0.2%	–	21,897	0.5%	–	21,465	0.5%	–	449,313	9.50%	4,730,961	MI
Minnesota	1,546,167	52.65%	10	1,320,225	44.96%	–	35,098	1.2%	–	13,023	0.4%	–	22,048	0.8%	–	225,942	7.69%	2,936,561	MN
Mississippi	562,949	43.79%	–	710,746	55.29%	6	6,676	0.5%	–	1,588	0.1%	–	3,625	0.3%	–	−147,797	−11.50%	1,285,584	MS
Missouri	1,223,796	44.38%	–	1,482,440	53.76%	10	43,151	1.6%	–	–	–	–	7,936	0.3%	–	−258,644	−9.38%	2,757,323	MO
Montana	201,839	41.70%	–	267,928	55.35%	3	14,165	2.9%	–	–	–	–	116	nil	–	−66,089	−13.65%	484,048	MT
Nebraska†	302,081	38.03%	–	475,064	59.80%	2	11,109	1.4%	–	–	–	–	6,125	0.8%	–	−172,983	−21.77%	794,379	NE–AL
NE-1Tooltip Nebraska's 1st congressional district	108,082	40.83%	–	152,021	57.43%	1	3,847	1.2%	–	–	–	–	762	0.3%	–	-43,949	-16.60%	264,712	NE1
NE-2Tooltip Nebraska's 2nd congressional district	121,889	45.70%	–	140,976	52.85%	1	3,393	1.3%	–	–	–	–	469	0.2%	–	-19,087	-7.15%	266,727	NE2
NE-3Tooltip Nebraska's 3rd congressional district	72,110	27.82%	–	182,067	70.23%	1	3,869	1.5%	–	–	–	–	1,177	0.5%	–	−109,957	−42.41%	259,223	NE3
Nevada	531,373	52.36%	6	463,567	45.68%	–	10,968	1.1%	–	–	–	–	9,010	0.9%	–	67,806	6.68%	1,014,918	NV
New Hampshire	369,561	51.98%	4	329,918	46.40%	–	8,212	1.2%	–	324	0.1%	–	2,957	0.4%	–	39,643	5.58%	710,972	NH
New Jersey	2,125,101	58.38%	14	1,477,568	40.59%	–	21,045	0.6%	–	9,888	0.3%	–	6,690	0.2%	–	647,533	17.79%	3,640,292	NJ
New Mexico	415,335	52.99%	5	335,788	42.84%	–	27,788	3.6%	–	2,691	0.3%	–	2,156	0.3%	–	79,547	10.15%	783,758	NM
New York	4,485,741	63.35%	29	2,490,431	35.17%	–	47,256	0.7%	–	39,982	0.6%	–	17,749	0.3%	–	1,995,310	28.18%	7,081,159	NY
North Carolina	2,178,391	48.35%	–	2,270,395	50.39%	15	44,515	1.0%	–	–	–	–	12,071	0.3%	–	−92,004	−2.04%	4,505,372	NC
North Dakota	124,827	38.70%	–	188,163	58.32%	3	5,231	1.6%	–	1,361	0.4%	–	3,045	0.9%	–	−63,336	−19.62%	322,627	ND
Ohio	2,827,709	50.67%	18	2,661,437	47.69%	–	49,493	0.9%	–	18,573	0.3%	–	23,635	0.4%	–	166,272	2.98%	5,580,847	OH
Oklahoma	443,547	33.23%	–	891,325	66.77%	7	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	−447,778	−33.44%	1,334,872	OK
Oregon	970,488	54.24%	7	754,175	42.15%	–	24,089	1.4%	–	19,427	1.1%	–	21,091	1.2%	–	216,313	12.09%	1,789,270	OR
Pennsylvania	2,990,274	51.97%	20	2,680,434	46.59%	–	49,991	0.9%	–	21,341	0.4%	–	11,630	0.2%	–	309,840	5.38%	5,753,670	PA
Rhode Island	279,677	62.70%	4	157,204	35.24%	–	4,388	1.0%	–	2,421	0.5%	–	2,359	0.5%	–	122,473	27.46%	446,049	RI
South Carolina	865,941	44.09%	–	1,071,645	54.56%	9	16,321	0.8%	–	5,446	0.3%	–	4,765	0.2%	–	−205,704	−10.47%	1,964,118	SC
South Dakota	145,039	39.87%	–	210,610	57.89%	3	5,795	1.6%	–	–	–	–	2,371	0.7%	–	−65,571	−18.02%	363,815	SD
Tennessee	960,709	39.08%	–	1,462,330	59.48%	11	18,623	0.8%	–	6,515	0.3%	–	10,400	0.4%	–	−501,621	−20.40%	2,458,577	TN
Texas	3,308,124	41.38%	–	4,569,843	57.17%	38	88,580	1.1%	–	24,657	0.3%	–	2,647	nil	–	−1,261,719	−15.79%	7,993,851	TX
Utah	251,813	24.69%	–	740,600	72.62%	6	12,572	1.2%	–	3,817	0.4%	–	8,638	0.9%	–	−488,787	−47.93%	1,017,440	UT
Vermont	199,239	66.57%	3	92,698	30.97%	–	3,487	1.2%	–	594	0.2%	–	3,272	1.1%	–	106,541	35.60%	299,290	VT
Virginia	1,971,820	51.16%	13	1,822,522	47.28%	–	31,216	0.8%	–	8,627	0.2%	–	20,304	0.5%	–	149,298	3.88%	3,854,489	VA
Washington	1,755,396	56.16%	12	1,290,670	41.29%	–	42,202	1.4%	–	20,928	0.7%	–	16,320	0.5%	–	464,726	14.87%	3,125,516	WA
West Virginia	238,269	35.54%	–	417,655	62.30%	5	6,302	0.9%	–	4,406	0.7%	–	3,806	0.6%	–	−179,386	−26.76%	670,438	WV
Wisconsin	1,620,985	52.83%	10	1,407,966	45.89%	–	20,439	0.7%	–	7,665	0.3%	–	11,379	0.4%	–	213,019	6.94%	3,068,434	WI
Wyoming	69,286	27.82%	–	170,962	68.64%	3	5,326	2.1%	–	–	–	–	3,487	1.4%	–	−101,676	−40.82%	249,061	WY
U.S. Total	65,915,795	51.06%	332	60,933,504	47.20%	206	1,275,971	1.0%	–	469,627	0.4%	–	490,510	0.4%	–	4,982,291	3.86%	129,085,410	US

Maine and Nebraska each allow for their election results votes to be split between candidates. The winner within each congressional district gets one electoral vote for the district. The winner of the statewide vote gets two additional electoral votes. In the 2012 election, all four of Maine's electoral votes were won by Obama and all five of Nebraska's electoral votes were won by Romney.

States and EV districts that flipped from Democratic to Republican

• Indiana
• Nebraska's 2nd congressional district
• North Carolina

Close states

Swing from 2008 to 2012 in each state. Only six states swung more Democratic in 2012: Alaska, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey, and New York. The arrows to the right represent how many places up or down on the list the state moved since 2008. States are listed by (increasing) percentage of Democratic votes.

Red denotes states (or congressional districts that contribute an electoral vote) won by Republican Mitt Romney; blue denotes those won by Democrat Barack Obama.

State where the margin of victory was under 1% (29 electoral votes):

1. Florida, 0.88% (74,309 votes)

States where the margin of victory was under 5% (46 electoral votes):

1. North Carolina, 2.04% (92,004 votes)
2. Ohio, 2.98% (166,272 votes)
3. Virginia, 3.88% (149,298 votes)

States/districts where the margin of victory was between 5% and 10% (120 electoral votes):

1. Colorado, 5.36% (137,858 votes) (tipping point state)
2. Pennsylvania, 5.38% (309,840 votes)
3. New Hampshire, 5.58% (39,643 votes)
4. Iowa, 5.81% (91,927 votes)
5. Nevada, 6.68% (67,806 votes)
6. Wisconsin, 6.94% (213,019 votes)
7. Nebraska's 2nd Congressional District, 7.15% (19,087 votes)
8. Minnesota, 7.69% (225,942 votes)
9. Georgia, 7.82% (304,861 votes)
10. Maine's 2nd Congressional District, 8.56% (28,783 votes)
11. Arizona, 9.06% (208,422 votes)
12. Missouri, 9.38% (258,644 votes)
13. Michigan, 9.50% (449,313 votes)

Statistics

Counties with highest percent of vote (Democratic)

1. Shannon County, South Dakota 93.39%
2. Округ Калавао, Гавайи 92,59%
3. Округ Бронкс, Нью-Йорк 91,45%
4. Вашингтон, округ Колумбия 90,91%
5. Петербург, Вирджиния 89,79%

Округа с наибольшим процентом голосов (республиканцы)

1. Округ Кинг, Техас 95,86%
2. Мэдисон Каунти, Айдахо 93,29%
3. Округ Стерлинг, Техас 92,91%
4. Округ Франклин, Айдахо 92,77%
5. Округ Робертс, Техас 92,13%

Уступка Ромни

Обама принимает телефонный звонок от Ромни и признает свое признание на выборах рано утром в среду в Чикаго.

в день выборов телеканалы назвали Огайо (штат, который, возможно, был наиболее критическим для Ромни, поскольку ни один республиканец никогда не выигрывал президентский пост, не выиграв его) в качестве кандидата на пост Обамы После того, как около 23:15 вечера по восточному стандартному времени , Ромни был готов уступить гонку, но колебался, когда Карл Роув решительно возражал на канале Fox News против решения телеканала сделать этот звонок. Однако после того, как Колорадо и Невада были призваны на пост президента (что дало Обаме достаточно голосов выборщиков для победы, даже если Огайо покинет его колонку), в сочетании с очевидным лидерством Обамы во Флориде и Вирджинии (оба в конечном итоге были выдвинуты на пост Обамы), Ромни признал что он проиграл и уступил около 1:00 ночи по восточному стандартному времени 7 ноября.

Несмотря на то, что общественные опросы показывают, что Ромни отстает от Обамы в колеблющихся штатах Невада, Колорадо, Айова, Висконсин, Огайо и Нью-Гэмпшир, имеет равные шансы с Обамой в Вирджинии и едва опережает Обаму во Флориде, штаб Ромни заявил, что они были искренне удивлены потеря, так как считала, что общественные опросы дают завышенную выборку демократов. Кампания Ромни уже создала переходный веб-сайт, а также запланировала и купила фейерверк, чтобы отпраздновать его победу на выборах.

30 ноября 2012 года выяснилось, что незадолго до выборов внутренние опросы, проведенные предвыборным штабом Ромни, показали, что Ромни лидирует в Колорадо и Нью-Гэмпшире, имеет равное преимущество в Айове и находится в пределах нескольких пунктов от Обамы в Висконсине, Пенсильвании, Миннесоте и других городах. и Огайо. Кроме того, предвыборный штаб Ромни предполагал, что они выиграют Флориду, Северную Каролину и Вирджинию. Опросы сделали Ромни и его предвыборную команду настолько уверенными в своей победе, что Ромни не написал уступчивой речи до тех пор, пока не было объявлено о победе Обамы.

Реакции

Иностранные лидеры отреагировали как положительными, так и неоднозначными сообщениями. Большинство мировых лидеров поздравили и похвалили Барака Обаму с его переизбранием. Однако Венесуэла и некоторые другие государства отреагировали сдержанно. Пакистан отметил, что поражение Ромни сделало пакистано-американские отношения более безопасными. Фондовые рынки заметно упали после переизбрания Обамы: индексы Dow Jones Industrial Average , NASDAQ и S&P 500 упали более чем на два процента каждый на следующий день после выборов.

Все 50 штатов разместили на сайте Белого дома петицию We The People, призывающую их штат выйти из союза . Эти петиции были созданы отдельными людьми, некоторые из них собрали тысячи подписей.

Демография избирателей

Президентские выборы 2012 г. по демографическим подгруппам
Демографическая подгруппа	Обама	Ромни	Другой	% из общее количество голосов
Всего голосов	51	47	2	100
Идеология
Либералы	86	11	3	25
Модераторы	56	41	3	41
Консерваторы	17	82	1	35
Вечеринка
Демократы	92	7	1	38
республиканцы	6	93	1	32
Независимые	45	50	5	29
Пол
Мужчины	45	52	3	47
Женщины	55	44	1	53
Семейное положение
Женатый	42	56	2	60
Неженатый	62	35	3	40
Пол по семейному положению
Женатые мужчины	38	60	2	29
Замужние женщины	46	53	1	31
Одинокие мужчины	56	40	4	18
Одинокие женщины	67	31	2	23
Раса/этническая принадлежность
Белый	39	59	2	72
Черный	93	6	1	13
Азиатский	73	26	1	3
Другой	58	38	4	2
латиноамериканец	71	27	2	10
Религия
протестант или другой христианин	42	57	1	53
Католик	50	48	2	25
Мормон	21	78	1	2
еврейский	69	30	1	2
мусульманин	85	4	11	1
Другой	74	23	3	7
Никто	70	26	4	12
Посещение религиозных служб
Чаще, чем раз в неделю	36	63	1	14
Раз в неделю	41	58	1	28
Несколько раз в месяц	55	44	1	13
Несколько раз в год	56	42	2	27
Никогда	62	34	4	17
Белый евангелист или возрожденный христианин?
Белый евангелист или возрожденный христианин	21	78	1	26
Все остальные	60	37	3	74
Возраст
18–24 года	60	36	4	11
25–29 лет	60	38	2	8
30–39 лет	55	42	3	17
40–49 лет	48	50	2	20
50–64 года	47	52	1	28
65 и старше	44	56	0	16
Возраст по расе
Белые 18–29 лет	44	51	5	11
Белые 30–44 года	38	59	3	18
Белые 45–64 года	38	61	1	29
Белые 65 лет и старше	39	61	н/д	14
Чернокожие 18–29 лет	91	8	1	3
Чернокожие 30–44 года	94	5	1	4
Чернокожие 45–64 года	93	7	н/д	4
Чернокожие 65 лет и старше	93	6	1	1
Латиноамериканцы 18–29 лет	74	23	3	4
Латиноамериканцы 30–44 лет	71	28	1	3
Латиноамериканцы 45–64 лет	68	31	1	3
Латиноамериканцы 65 лет и старше	65	35	н/д	1
Другие	67	31	2	5
ЛГБТ
Да	76	22	2	5
Нет	49	49	2	95
Образование
Не средней школы выпускник	64	35	1	3
Выпускник средней школы	51	48	1	21
Некоторое высшее образование	49	48	3	29
Выпускник колледжа	47	51	2	29
Последипломное образование	55	42	3	18
Семейный доход
Менее 30 000 долларов США	63	35	2	20
$30,000–49,999	57	42	1	21
$50,000–99,999	46	52	2	31
$100,000–199,999	44	54	2	21
$200,000–249,999	47	52	1	3
Более 250 000 долларов США	42	55	3	4
Союзные домохозяйства
Союз	58	40	2	18
Несоюз	49	48	3	82
Проблема считается наиболее важной
Экономика	47	51	2	59
Дефицит федерального бюджета	32	66	2	15
Внешняя политика	56	33	11	5
Здравоохранение	75	24	1	18
Область
Северо-восток	59	40	1	18
Средний Запад	50	48	2	24
Юг	46	53	1	36
Запад	54	43	3	22
Размер сообщества
Крупные города (население более 500 000 человек)	69	29	2	11
Средние города (население от 50 000 до 500 000 человек)	58	40	2	21
Пригород	48	50	2	47
Города (население от 10 000 до 50 000 человек)	42	56	2	8
Сельская местность	37	61	2	14

Латиноамериканское голосование

Население Соединенных Штатов составляет 50 миллионов латиноамериканцев и латиноамериканцев , 27 миллионов из которых являются гражданами, имеющими право голоса (13% от общего числа избирателей, имеющих право голоса). Традиционно голосует только половина имеющих право голоса избирателей латиноамериканского происхождения (около 7% избирателей); из них 71% проголосовали за Барака Обаму (увеличив его процент голосов на 5%); следовательно, голоса латиноамериканцев стали важным фактором в переизбрании Обамы, поскольку разница в голосах между двумя основными партиями составляла всего 3,9%.

Экзит-полы были проведены компанией Edison Research из Сомервилля, штат Нью-Джерси , для Национального избирательного пула , консорциума, который в то время состоял из ABC News, Associated Press, CBS News, CNN, Фокс Ньюс, и Новости NBC.

Анализ

В сочетании с переизбранием двух его непосредственных предшественников, Билла Клинтона ( 1996 г. ) и Джорджа Буша-младшего ( 2004 г. ), победа Обамы на выборах 2012 года ознаменовала лишь второй случай в американской истории, когда каждый из трех президентов подряд был избран на два поста. полные сроки после последовательных двух сроков президентства Томаса Джефферсона , Джеймса Мэдисона и Джеймса Монро , завершившихся в 1820 году, что является единственным случаем, когда какой-либо президент с двумя сроками сменил другого. Это также были первые выборы с 1928 года , на которых ни один из основных кандидатов не имел военного опыта. Восемь лет спустя преемник Обамы Дональд Трамп также баллотировался на переизбрание в 2020 году , но в конечном итоге потерпел поражение от Джо Байдена , который занимал пост вице-президента при Обаме.

Выборы, возможно, были решены тремя округами: округ Майами-Дейд (Флорида); Округ Кайахога (Огайо) и Филадельфия (Пенсильвания). Если бы эти три округа набрали ноль голосов, Обама проиграл бы все три штата и выборы.

Выборы 2012 года стали первым случаем после Франклина Д. Рузвельта двух последних переизбраний в 1940 и 1944 годах , когда действующий президент-демократ получил большинство голосов избирателей на двух выборах подряд. Обама также был первым президентом любой партии, получившим большинство голосов избирателей на двух выборах после Рональда Рейгана в 1980 и 1984 годах. Обама является третьим президентом-демократом, дважды получившим не менее 51% голосов, после Эндрю Джексона и Франклина Д. Рузвельта. Ромни выиграл всенародное голосование в 226 округах Конгресса, что стало первым случаем с 1960 года, когда победитель выборов не выиграл всенародное голосование в большинстве округов Конгресса.

Ромни потерял свой родной штат Массачусетс , став первым кандидатом в президенты от крупной партии, потерявшим свой родной штат с тех пор, как демократ Эл Гор уступил свой родной штат Теннесси республиканцу Джорджу Бушу на выборах 2000 года . Ромни потерял свой родной штат более чем на 23%, что является худшим показателем потерь для кандидата от крупной партии со времен Джона Фремонта в 1856 году . Еще хуже, чем Фремонт, Ромни не смог выиграть ни одного округа в своем родном штате, что в последний раз видел Теодор Рузвельт в 1912 году. Кроме того, поскольку Обама носил родной штат Райана, Висконсин , билет Ромни-Райана стал первым билетом крупной партии после выборов 1972 года , в результате которого оба его кандидата потеряли свои родные штаты. Ромни выиграл всенародное голосование во всех округах трех штатов: Юта, Оклахома и Западная Вирджиния; Обама сделал это в четырех штатах: Вермонте, Массачусетсе, Род-Айленде и Гавайях.

Поражение Ромни побудило Национальный комитет Республиканской партии попытаться обратиться к американскому латиноамериканскому населению, сосредоточив внимание на различных подходах к иммиграции. Они были недолгими из-за активности и гнева республиканцев и, возможно, способствовали избранию Дональда Трампа их кандидатом в президенты четыре года спустя.

Гэри Джонсона Общее количество голосов установило рекорд Либертарианской партии , а его процент голосов избирателей был вторым лучшим показателем для либертарианца на президентских выборах, уступая только Эду Кларку в 1980 году . Джонсон побил этот рекорд на президентских выборах 2016 года , набрав наибольшее количество голосов за либертарианский билет в истории. В то время от Партии зеленых за кандидата Джилл Стайн общее количество голосов сделало ее самой успешной женщиной-кандидатом в президенты на всеобщих выборах в истории Соединенных Штатов. Позже на выборах 2016 года ее превзошла Хиллари Клинтон.

Общее количество голосов Обамы стало четвертым по количеству голосов, полученных в истории президентских выборов (после победы Обамы в 2008 году и обоих основных кандидатов в 2020 году), и максимальным показателем за всю историю переизбранных президентов. Выборы 2012 года стали первым случаем с 1988 года , когда ни в одном штате не победил кандидат, набравший большинство голосов избирателей штата. Более того, это единственные президентские выборы после Второй мировой войны , на которых ни один штат не выиграл с перевесом менее 30 000 голосов. Наибольшее количество побед Обамы было в Нью-Гэмпшире с 39 643 голосами, за ним следует Флорида с 74 309 голосами. На всех остальных президентских выборах в современной истории штаты выигрывали с перевесом в несколько тысяч голосов. На данный момент это единственные президентские выборы в истории, на которых кандидаты в вице-президенты как от республиканской, так и от демократической партии являются католиками. Это также единственные президентские выборы, на которых нет белых протестантов ни в одной из основных партий.

Обама был четвертым из четырех президентов в истории Соединенных Штатов, который выиграл переизбрание с меньшим процентом голосов выборщиков, чем на предыдущих выборах. Тремя другими были Джеймс Мэдисон в 1812 году , Вудро Вильсон в 1916 году и Франклин Рузвельт в 1940 году и 1944 год . Кроме того, Обама был пятым из пяти президентов, которые выиграли переизбрание с меньшим процентом голосов избирателей, чем на предыдущих выборах, остальные четыре - Джеймс Мэдисон в 1812 году , Эндрю Джексон в 1832 году , Гровер Кливленд в 1892 году и Франклин Рузвельт. в 1940 и 1944 годах .

Карты

• 
  Результаты по штатам, заштрихованы в зависимости от процента голосов победившего кандидата.
• 
  Результаты по округам. Синий обозначает округа, которые перешли к Обаме; красный цвет обозначает округа, которые достались Ромни. Гавайи, Массачусетс, Род-Айленд и Вермонт заставили все округа перейти к Обаме. В Оклахоме, Юте и Западной Вирджинии все округа перешли к Ромни.
• 
  Результаты по округам, заштрихованы в зависимости от процента голосов победившего кандидата.
• 
  Всенародное голосование по округам заштриховано по шкале от красного/республиканского до синего/демократического.
• 
  Результаты по штатам и округу Колумбия, масштабированные по количеству выборщиков от каждого штата.
• 
  Картограмма всенародного голосования по округам, заштрихованная по шкале от красного/республиканского до синего/демократического, где масштаб каждого округа был изменен пропорционально его населению.
• 
  Картограмма результатов голосования выборщиков, где каждый квадрат представляет один голос выборщика.
• 
  Результаты по округам Конгресса
• 
  Смена округа с 2008 по 2012 год
• 
  Древовидная карта всенародного голосования по округам, штатам и преобладающим получателям на местном уровне

Галерея

• 
  Эмпайр -стейт-билдинг в Нью-Йорке загорелся синим светом, когда CNN позвонил в Огайо по поводу Обамы, объявив его победителем выборов. Точно так же красный цвет был бы использован, если бы Ромни победил.
• 
  Обама и Байдены обнимаются после телевизионного объявления об их победе.
• 
  Обама и Байдены выходят на сцену во время празднования победы в ночь выборов на Маккормик Плейс в Чикаго.
• 
  Бывший губернатор Митт Ромни встречается с президентом Бараком Обамой в Белом доме после президентских выборов 2012 года.

См. также

• Планируемый переход президента Митта Ромни
• Выборы в Сенат США 2012 г.
• Выборы в Палату представителей США 2012 г.
• Выборы губернатора США 2012 г.
• Общенациональный опрос общественного мнения перед президентскими выборами в США 2012 г.
• Опрос общественного мнения в масштабе штата перед президентскими выборами в США 2012 г.
• Хронология президентских выборов в США 2012 года
• Вторая инаугурация Барака Обамы

Дальнейшее чтение

• Бальц, Дэн (2013). Столкновение 2012 года: Обама против Ромни и будущее выборов в Америке . Нью-Йорк: Викинг Пресс. ISBN  978-0670025947 .
• Гарднер, Лиз и др. «Освещение в прессе президентских выборов в США 2012 года: многонациональное межъязыковое сравнение». на президентских выборах в США 2012 г. (Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016). стр. 241–267.
• Хансен, Венди Л., Майкл С. Рокка и Бриттани Ли Ортис. «Влияние Citizens United на корпоративные расходы на президентских выборах 2012 года». Журнал политики 77.2 (2015): 535–545. в JSTOR
• Хайлеманн, Джон ; Гальперин, Марк (2013). Двойной даун: изменение игры 2012 . Нью-Йорк: Пингвин Пресс . ISBN  978-1594204401 .
• Маскет, Сет, Джон Сайдс и Линн Ваврек . «Наземная игра на президентских выборах 2012 года». Политическая коммуникация (2015) 33 № 2 стр: 1–19.
• Майер, Уильям Г.; Бернштейн, Джонатан, ред. (2012). Формирование кандидатов в президенты, 2012 г. Роуман и Литтлфилд. ISBN  978-1-4422-1170-4 . Ученые исследуют номинации в эпоху постгосударственного финансирования, цифровые СМИ и кампании, освещение на телевидении и «Чаепитие» .
• Миллер, Уильям Дж., изд. Номинация 2012 года и будущее Республиканской партии: внутренняя битва (Lexington Books; 2013) 265 страниц; очерки экспертов о Ромни и каждом из его главных соперников
• Нельсон, Майкл, изд. Выборы 2012 (2013) отрывок и текстовый поиск ; актуальные очерки экспертов
• Сайдс, Джон и Линн Ваврек. Азартная игра: выбор и шанс на президентских выборах 2012 г. (Princeton UP 2013) отрывок и текстовый поиск
• Стемпель III, Гвидо Х. и Томас К. Харгроув, ред. Избиратель XXI века: кто голосует, как они голосуют и почему они голосуют (2 том, 2015 г.).

Внешние ссылки

• 9 колеблющихся штатов 2012 года
• Податели президентской формы 2 2012 г. в Федеральной избирательной комиссии (FEC)
• Выборы 2012 г., президентские праймериз, кокусы и съезды
• Президентские выборы 2012 года в США в Керли
• Интерактивная карта выборов 2012 года
• Выборы 2012 года при подсчете голосов. Архивировано 28 августа 2019 года в Wayback Machine.