Греческий ортодоксальный патриарх Иерусалима

Styles of
**The Patriarch**
Styles of; The Patriarch
Reference style	His Most Godly Beatitude
Spoken style	Your Beatitude
Religious style	Patriarch
Posthumous style	N/A

Греческий ортодоксальный патриарх Иерусалима
Греческий ортодоксальный патриарх Иерусалима
Архиепископрик
Восточный ортодоксальный
	Действующий: ; Патриарх Теофилос III
Style	His Most Godly Beatitude
Information
First holder	James the Just
Established	33 (founded); 531 (granted title of patriarch)
Cathedral	Church of the Holy Sepulchre
Website
	jerusalem-patriarchate.info

Греческий ортодоксальный патриарх Иерусалима или Восточного Православного Патриарха Иерусалима официально патриарх Иерусалима ( Греческий : πατριάρχης ιεροσολύμων ; арабский : بطريرك الق секрета : פטר чегорс -straTopك -straToopك Иерусалима ا Щекоп , , заняв четвертое место из девяти Патриархи в восточной православной церкви . С 2005 года восточный ортодоксальный патриарх Иерусалима был Теофилосом III . Патриарх , стилизован «Патриархом Священного города Иерусалима и всей Земли , Сирии , за пределами реки Иордан . Кана Галилее Святой и Святого Сиона » Патриарх является главой Братства Святого Госпожа и религиозного лидера около 130 000 восточных православных христиан на Святой Земле , ^{[ 2 ]} Большинство из них палестинских христиан в Израиле и Палестине.

Патриархат прослеживает свою линию преемственности первым христианским епископам Иерусалима, первым из которых является Джеймс только в 1 веке нашей эры. Иерусалим был предоставлена автосефалия в 451 году Советом Чалкедона , а в 531 году стал одним из первых пяти патриархатов .

On the importance of Jerusalem in Christianity, the Catholic Encyclopedia reads:

During the first Christian centuries the church at this place (referring to the cenacle) was the centre of Christianity in Jerusalem, "Holy and glorious Sion, mother of all churches". Certainly no spot in Christendom can be more venerable than the place of the Last Supper, which became the first Christian church.^[3]

History

In the Apostolic Age the Christian Church was organized as an indefinite number of local Churches that in the initial years looked to that at Jerusalem as its main centre and point of reference. James the Just, who was martyred around 62, is described as the first bishop of Jerusalem. Roman persecutions following the Jewish revolts against Rome in the later 1st and 2nd centuries also affected the city's Christian community, and led to Jerusalem gradually being eclipsed in prominence by other sees, particularly those of Constantinople, Antioch, Alexandria, and Rome. However, increased pilgrimage during and after the reign of Constantine the Great increased the fortunes of the see of Jerusalem, and in 325 the First Council of Nicaea attributed special honor, but not metropolitan status (then the highest rank in the Church), to the bishop of Jerusalem.^[4] Jerusalem continued to be a bishopric until 451, when the Council of Chalcedon granted Jerusalem independence from the metropolitan of Antioch and from any other higher-ranking bishop, granted what is now known as autocephaly, in the council's seventh session whose "Decree on the Jurisdiction of Jerusalem and Antioch" contains: "the bishop of Jerusalem, or rather the most holy Church which is under him, shall have under his own power the three Palestines".^[5] This led to Jerusalem becoming a patriarchate, one of the five patriarchates known as the pentarchy, when the title of "patriarch" was created in 531 by Justinian I.^[6]^[7]

When the Great Schism took place in 1054 the Patriarch of Jerusalem and the other three Eastern Patriarchs formed the Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Patriarch of Rome (i.e. the Pope) formed the Roman Catholic Church.^{[citation needed]}

In 1099 the Crusaders appointed a Latin patriarch. As a result, the Eastern Orthodox patriarchs lived in exile in Constantinople until 1187.

Current position

Today, the headquarters of the patriarchate is the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.

The number of Eastern Orthodox Christians in the Holy Land is estimated to be about 200,000. A majority of Church members are Palestinian Arabs, and there are also a small number of Assyrians, Greeks and Georgians.

In 2005, Patriarch Irenaios was deposed by the Holy Synod of Jerusalem after being accused of involvement in the sale of church land in East Jerusalem to Israeli investors. A special Pan-Orthodox Synod was convened in Constantinople (Istanbul) to review the decision of the Holy Synod of Jerusalem. The Pan-Orthodox Synod under the presidency of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Bartholomew I, overwhelmingly confirmed the decision of the Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre and struck Irenaios' name from the diptychs. Metropolitan Cornelius of Petra was chosen to serve as locum tenens pending the election of a replacement for Irenaios. On August 22, 2005, Theophilos, the former Archbishop of Tabor, was elected as the 141st Patriarch of Jerusalem.

List of patriarchs

Resident in Jerusalem (451–1099)

The Council of Chalcedon in 451 raised the bishop of Jerusalem to the rank of patriarch (see Pentarchy). However, Byzantine politics meant that Jerusalem passed from the jurisdiction of the Patriarch of Antioch to the Greek authorities in Constantinople. For centuries, Eastern Orthodox clergy, such as the Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre, dominated the Jerusalem church.

Juvenal (451–458); Theodosius was the anti-Chalcedonian counter-bishop (451–453), in opposition to Juvenal.^[8]
Anastasius I (458–478)
Martyrius (478–486)
Sallustius (486–494)
Elias I (494–516)
John III (516–524)
Peter (524–544)
Macarius II (544–552, 564–575)
Eustochius (552–564)
John IV (575–594)
Amos (594–601)
Isaac (601–609)
Zacharias (609–632)
Modestus (632–634)
Sophronius I (634–638)
- vacant (638–681?/692)
  - Patriarchal Vicar Stephen of Dora assisted by John of Philadelphia (after 649–?)
Anastasius II (681?/692–706)
John V (706–735)
Theodore (745–770)
Elias II (770–797)
George (797–807)
Thomas I (807–820)
Basileus (820–838)
John VI (838–842)
Sergius I (842–844)
- vacant (844–855)
Solomon (855–860)
- vacant (860–862)
Theodosius (862–878)
Elias III (878–907)
Sergius II (908–911)
Leontius I (912–929)
Athanasius I (929–937)
Christodolus (937–950)
Agathon (950–964)
John VII (964–966)
Christodolus II (966–969)
Thomas II (969–978)
- vacant (978–980)
Joseph II (980–983)
Orestes (983–1005)
- vacant (1005–1012)
Theophilus I (1012–1020)
Nicephorus I (1020–1048)
Joannichius (1048–???)
Sophronius II (???–1084)
Euthemius I (1084)
Simeon II (1084–1106)

In exile (1099–1187)

As a result of the First Crusade in 1099, a Latin Patriarchate was created, with residence in Jerusalem from 1099 to 1187. Eastern Orthodox patriarchs continued to be appointed, but resided in Constantinople.

Savvas (1106–11??)
John VIII (11??–11??)
Nicolas (11??–11??)
John IX (1156–1166)
Nicephorus II (1166–1170)
Leontius II (1170–1190)^{[clarification needed]}

Resident in Jerusalem (from 1187)

In 1187, the Latin patriarch was forced to flee the city of Jerusalem due to the Muslim reconquest of Jerusalem. The office remained and appointments continued to be made by the Catholic Church, with the Latin patriarch residing in the Frankish-controlled Levant until 1374, and subsequently in Rome until modern times. The Eastern Orthodox patriarchs at this period were.

Dositheos I (1187–1189; 1191-?)^{[clarification needed]}
Marcus II (1191?–?)
- vacant (?–1223)
Euthemius II (1223)
Athanasius II (ca. 1231–1244)
Sophronius III (1236–?)
Gregory I (?–1298)
Thaddaeus (1298)
- vacant (1298–1313)
Athanasius III (1313–1314)
- vacant (1314–1322)
Gregory II (1322)
- vacant (1322–1334)
Lazarus (1334–1368)
- vacant (1368–1376)
Dorotheus I (1376–1417)
Theophilus II (1417–1424)
Theophanes I (1424–1431)
Joachim (1431–?)
- vacant (?–1450)
Theophanes II (1450)
- vacant (1450–1452)
Athanasius IV (1452–???)
- vacant (?–1460)
Jacob II (1460)
- vacant (1460–1468)
Abraham I (1468)
Gregory III (1468–1493)
- vacant (1493–1503)
Marcus III (1503)
- vacant (1503–1505)
Dorotheus II (1505–1537)
Germanus (1537–1579)
Sophronius IV (1579–1608)
Theophanes III (1608–1644)
Paiseus (1645–1660)
Nectarius I (1660–1669)
Dositheos II (1669–1707)
Chrysanthus (1707–1731)
Meletius (1731–1737)
Parthenius (1737–1766)
Ephram II (1766–1771)
Sophronius V (1771–1775)
Abraham II (1775–1787)
Procopius I (1787–1788)
Anthemus (1788–1808)
Polycarpus (1808–1827)
Athanasius V (1827–1845)
Cyril II (1845–1872)
Procopius II (1872–1875)
Hierotheus (1875–1882)
Nicodemus I (1883–1890)
Gerasimus I (1891–1897)
Damian I (1897–1931)
Timotheus I (1935–1955)
- vacant (1955–1957)
Benedict I (1957–1980)
Diodoros I (1980–2000)
Irenaios I (2001–2005)
Theophilos III (2005–present)^[9]

Hierarchy of the throne

Metropolitan of Caesarea : Vasilios (Christos Blatsos)
Metropolitan of Scythopolis : Iakovos (George Kapenekas)
Metropolitan of Petra : Cornelios (Emmanuel Rodousakis)
Metropolitan of Ptolemais : Palladios (Vasilios Antoniou)
Metropolitan of Nazareth : Kyriakos (Andreas Georgopetris)
Metropolitan of Neapolis : Amvrosios (Nikolaos Antonopoulos)
Metropolitan of Capitolias : Isyhios (Elias Condogiannis)
Metropolitan of Botsra : Timotheos (Theodoros Margaritis)
Metropolitan of Eleutheropolis : Christodoulos (Christos Saridakis)
Metropolitan of Philadelphia : Benediktos (George Tsekouras)
Archbishop of Gerasa : Theophanis (Theodosios Hasapakis)
Archbishop of Tiberias : Alexios (Alexios Moschonas)
Archbishop of Abila : Dorotheos (Demetrios Leovaris)
Archbishop of Joppa : Damaskinos (Anastasios Gaganiaras)
Archbishop of Constantina : Aristarchos (Antonios Peristeris)
Archbishop of Mount Thabor : Methodios (Nikolaos Liveris)
Archbishop of Jordan : Theophylactos (Theodosios Georgiadis)
Archbishop of Sebastia : Theodosios (Nizar Hanna)
Archbishop of Askalon : Nicephoros (Nikolaos Baltadgis)
Archbishop of Diocaesarea : Vacant

References

^ "Αρχική".
^ "Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem". CNEWA. Archived from the original on 2009-08-30. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
^ "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Jerusalem (A.D. 71–1099)". Newadvent.org. 1910-10-01. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
^ "Since there prevails a custom and ancient tradition to the effect that the bishop of Aelia is to be honored, let him be granted everything consequent upon this honor, saving the dignity proper to the metropolitan" (Canon 7)
^ "Philip Schaff: NPNF2-14. The Seven Ecumenical Councils - Christian Classics Ethereal Library".
^ L'idea di pentarchia nella cristianità
^ The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, s.v. patriarch (ecclesiastical), also calls it "a title dating from the 6th century, for the bishops of the five great sees of Christendom". And Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions says: "Five patriarchates, collectively called the pentarchy, were the first to be recognized by the legislation of the emperor Justinian (reigned 527–565)".
^ Джон Руфус (2008). Рог, Корнелия Б.; Феникс, Роберт Р. (ред.). Джон Руфус: Жизнь Петра Ибериана, Теодосия Иерусалима и Монаха Романа . Писания из греко-римского мира. Общество библейской литературы. с. Lxxxviii - lxxxix. ISBN 978-1-58983-200-8 Полем Получено 11 декабря 2023 года . Перевод критического издания Vitae , написанного Джоном Руфусом , епископом Мауя .
^ Иерусалимский веб -сайт патриархата, раздел апостольской преемственности

Источники

Grillmeier, Aloys ; Hainthaler, Theresia (2013). Христос в христианской традиции: церкви Иерусалима и Антиохии с 451 до 600 . Тол. 2/3. Оксфорд: издательство Оксфордского университета. ISBN 978-0-19-921288-0 .
Мейендорф, Джон (1989). Императорское единство и христианские подразделения: Церковь 450–680 AD Crestwood, Нью -Йорк: пресса Святого Владимира. ISBN 9780881410563 .

Внешние ссылки

[1] "Αρχική".

[cnewa-2] "Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem". CNEWA. Archived from the original on 2009-08-30. Retrieved 2011-07-10.

[3] "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Jerusalem (A.D. 71–1099)". Newadvent.org. 1910-10-01. Retrieved 2011-07-10.

[4] "Since there prevails a custom and ancient tradition to the effect that the bishop of Aelia is to be honored, let him be granted everything consequent upon this honor, saving the dignity proper to the metropolitan" (Canon 7)

[5] "Philip Schaff: NPNF2-14. The Seven Ecumenical Councils - Christian Classics Ethereal Library".

[6] L'idea di pentarchia nella cristianità

[7] The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, s.v. patriarch (ecclesiastical), also calls it "a title dating from the 6th century, for the bishops of the five great sees of Christendom". And Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions says: "Five patriarchates, collectively called the pentarchy, were the first to be recognized by the legislation of the emperor Justinian (reigned 527–565)".

[8] Джон Руфус (2008). Рог, Корнелия Б.; Феникс, Роберт Р. (ред.). Джон Руфус: Жизнь Петра Ибериана, Теодосия Иерусалима и Монаха Романа . Писания из греко-римского мира. Общество библейской литературы. с. Lxxxviii - lxxxix. ISBN 978-1-58983-200-8 Полем Получено 11 декабря 2023 года . Перевод критического издания Vitae , написанного Джоном Руфусом , епископом Мауя .

[9] Иерусалимский веб -сайт патриархата, раздел апостольской преемственности

[note_n0-10] Рок разорвал полное общение с экуменическим патриархатом в 2018 году, а затем разорвал полное общение с приматами Церкви Греции, патриархатом Александрии и Церковью Кипра в 2020 году.

[note_n1-11] Jump up to: ^а ^{беременный} ^в ^{дюймовый} ^и ^фон ^глин ^час Автоцифалия или автономия не пользуются универсальным.

[note_n3-12] UOC-MP был перенесен на официально сокращение связей с ROC с 27 мая 2022 года.

[note_n2-13] Jump up to: ^а ^{беременный} Полуавтономная часть русской православной церкви , чья автономия не является универсальной.

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v Т и Епископы и патриархи греческой православной церкви Иерусалима
Bishops of Jerusalem (until 451)	James, brother of Jesus Simeon of Jerusalem Justus Zacchaeus Tobias Benjamin John I Matthias Philip Senecas Justus II Levis Ephram Joseph I Judas Marcus Cassianus Poplius Maximus I Julian I Gaius I Symmachus Gaius II Julian II Capion Maximus II Antoninus Valens Dolichianus Narcissus Dius Germanion Gordius Alexander Mazabanis Imeneus Zamudas Ermon Macarius Maximus III Cyril I John II Praulius Juvenal
Patriarchs of Jerusalem (from 451)	Juvenal Anastasius I Martyrius Sallustius Elias I John III Peter Macarius II Eustochius John IV Amos Isaac Zacharias Modestus Sophronius Anastasius II John V Theodore Elias II George Thomas I Basileus John VI Sergius I Solomon Theodosius Elias III Sergius II Leontius I Athanasius I Christodulus I Agathon John VII Christodulus II Thomas II Joseph II Orestes Theophilus I Nicephorus I Joannichius Sophronius II Euthemius Simeon II Savvas^§ John VIII^§ Nicolas^§ John IX^§ Nicephorus II^§ Leontius II^§ Dositheos I Marcus II Euthemius II Athanasius II Sophronius III Gregory I Thaddaeus Athanasius III Gregory II Lazarus Dorotheus I Theophilus II Theophanes I Joachim Theophanes II Athanasius IV Jacob II Abraham I Gregory III Marcus III Dorotheus II Germanus Sophronius IV Theophanes III Paiseus Nectarius I Dositheos II Chrysanthus Meletius Parthenius Ephram II Sophronius V Abraham II Procopius I Anthemus Polycarpus Athanasius V Cyril II Procopius II Hierotheus Nicodemus I Gerasimus I Damian I Timotheus I Benedict I Diodoros I Irenaios I Theophilus III
^§: in exile at Constantinople due to the Latin rule over Jerusalem