Nissan Skyline
| Nissan Skyline | |
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 2019 Nissan Skyline Hybrid GT Type SP (HV37, Япония) | |
| Обзор | |
| Производитель | |
| Также называется |
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| Производство | 1957 - ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНЫЙ |
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| Predecessor | Prince Sedan |
Nissan Skyline ( японский : 日産・スカイライン , Hepburn : Nissan Sukairain ) - это марка автомобиля, первоначально производимая Prince Motor Company , начиная с 1957 года, а затем Nissan после того, как две компании объединились в 1967 году. После слияния Skyline и Его более крупный коллега, Nissan Gloria , была продана в Японии по каналам продаж дилерских центров под названием Nissan Prince Shop .
Горизонт был в значительной степени спроектирован и спроектирован Шиничиро Сакураем с начала, и он оставался главным влиянием автомобиля до своей смерти в 2011 году.
Скилины доступны в стилях купе , либо в кузовых стилях седана , а также универсалам , кроссовером , кабриолету и пикапам / седанам . Более поздние модели чаще всего известны их тормозным тормозным тормозным тормозном знаком. Большинство моделей Skyline представляют собой задний привод , причем полный привод доступен с момента дебюта горизонта восьмого поколения (R32).
Несмотря на то, что он не распространялся в Соединенных Штатах до его ввоза в качестве серии Infiniti G в начале 2000-х годов, известность Skyline (особенно для варианта GT-R ) в видеоиграх, фильмах и журналах привел к тому, что там импортировались многие автомобили и производят Употребление большего количества подержанных японских автомобилей в импорт в Европу и Северную Америку.
Starting with the third-generation Skyline (C10) and up to the tenth-generation Skyline (R34), the chassis, suspension and some of the engines were shared with the luxury-oriented longer wheelbase Nissan Laurel. When the former Prince factory at Musashimurayama closed in 2002 (coinciding with the discontinuation of the Laurel that same year), the Skyline used the then-new FM platform that was shared with the 350Z starting with the eleventh-generation Skyline (V35).
The eleventh-generation Skyline (V35) was another major turning point for the nameplate, as it dropped some of the previous generation Skyline's trademark characteristics such as the straight-six engine (replaced with a V6) and turbocharging (reintroduced in the thirteenth-generation/V37 model), and eventually separated the GT-R into its own line. Nissan decided to retain the Skyline for the luxury-sport market segment formerly held by the Laurel, while its platform-mate, the 350Z, revived the Z line of pure sports cars.[1] The V35 was the first Skyline made for export to North America, being sold under Nissan's luxury marque Infiniti as the G35 in 2002. The Skyline (V36/J50) is sold in Europe, North America, South Korea, Taiwan, and the Middle East as the Infiniti G37 and EX respectively.
As of 2024[update], the Skyline is the only remaining sedan in Nissan's Japanese lineup following the discontinuation of both the Fuga and Cima in 2022.
First generation (Prince Skyline, 1957)
[edit]
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 Prince Skyline ALSID-1 | |
| Overview | |
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| Assembly | Mitaka, Japan |
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| Body and chassis | |
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| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive |
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| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,535 mm (99.8 in) |
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| Predecessor | Prince Sedan |
ALSI-1 series
[edit]The first Skyline was introduced on 24 April 1957, at the Takarazuka Theater, in Hibiya, Tokyo,[3] for Fuji Precision Industries, marketed as a luxury car. It featured a 1.5 L (1,482 cc) GA-30 engine (also known as FG4A-30) producing 44 kW (60 hp) at 4,400 rpm, which was previously used in the prototype Subaru 1500, Subaru's first car.[4] It used a de Dion tube rear suspension and was capable of 140 km/h (87 mph). The car weighed around 1,300 kg (2,900 lb). Skylines were produced as four-door sedans and five-door station wagons. Two models were available: the ALSIS-1 standard and the ALSID-1 Deluxe. The ALSI-1's appearance seems to be influenced by 1950s American cars (the front end was similar to the 1957 Chevrolet); the car featured rear tail fins, chrome molding and two-tone paint.
ALSIS-1
[edit]The ALSIS-1 standard model featured a grille with a large center bar with 6 vertical slats above it. The side strips ran straight from the rear of the car to the front doors, where it dipped into a V-shape, widening and kicked upwards until it hit the front of the car. The side badge said "Skyline".
ALSID-1 Deluxe
[edit]The ALSID-1 Deluxe featured a different grille compared to the standard model. The large center bar was absent and instead a pair of fog lights are mounted just inside of the front turn signals. Between the fog lights "PRINCE" is spelled out in individual gold letters. A painted side strip, surrounded by a chrome strip ran horizontally the length of the car, widening from front to back. On this side strip was the side badge, which said "Skyline Deluxe".
The Skyline also spawned the ALPE double cab pickup truck and the ALVE delivery van, both marketed as the Skyway.
ALSI-2 series
[edit]The ALSI-2 series was released in October 1959 and was nearly identical to the ALSI-1 series except for the engine. Higher quality fuel allowed for an increase in compression and a power increase to 70 hp (71 PS). This new engine was designated the FG4A-40 (this engine was also known as the GA-4).
The ALSI-2-1 series was released in February 1960. The Deluxe, along with the commercial variants, were updated with quad headlights (the standard model retained the twin headlights). The side strip design was changed on standard models; the V-shape in the side strip was moved from the front doors to the rear doors. On Deluxe models the side strip design remained the same. The standard model gained quad headlights in September 1960 with the release of the ALSI-2-2 series.
BLSI-3 series
[edit]The BLSI-3 series was released in May 1961. The 1500 engine used in the ALSID Deluxe was dropped and instead used the 91 hp (92 PS) 1.9L GB-4 (also known as FG4B-40) OHV four-cylinder engine from the Gloria. The BLSI series was otherwise identical to the ALSI series, except for a "1900" badge on the side. The standard model received the new engine in October 1961.
Commercial variants remained available, also equipped with the new engine.
S21 series
[edit]The S21 series was released in September 1962. It was in production until November 1963. The front end was redesigned in an attempt to update the look of the car. The result was rather unsuccessful as the car now looked like a 1950s body with a 1960s front end. The S21 continued to use the 1.9L GB-4 engine.
The 3-door van was dropped and replaced with a 5-door station wagon; a double cab pickup truck remained available.
BLRA-3 Skyline Sport
[edit]The S21 Deluxe-based Skyline Sport featured hand-built Michelotti bodies in stylish coupe and convertible versions. These cars used the 1.9 L GB-4 engine from the S21D. While only a few hundred were built, Prince Motors had a very aggressive product placement group and they can be seen (along the company's mainstream models) in many Toho films of the early 1960s. The canted headlights reflected a similar appearance on the late 1950s through early 1960s Lincoln Continental, Buick, and Chrysler 300. The appearance is similar to the 1960s Lancia Flavia and Triumph Vitesse as Michelotti did contribute to Lancia vehicles during this time; Giugiaro's design of the short-lived Gordon Keeble GT was similarly influenced. Being the first sports-focused model, the Skyline Sport foreshadowed the Skyline GT-R sub-range; its luxurious appearance would later be implemented in its future platform-mate twin, the Laurel.
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Prince Skyline ALSID-1 -
Prince Skyline ALSID-2 -
Prince Skyline Sport Coupe BLRA-3 -
Prince Skyline Sport Convertible BLRA-3
Second generation (Prince Skyline, 1963)
[edit]
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 Prince Skyline 1500 DeLuxe S50D-1 | |
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| Assembly | Musashimurayama, Japan |
| Designer | Shinichiro Sakurai |
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| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive |
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S50
[edit]In 1961 Fuji Precision Industries changed its name to Prince Motor Company (for the second time). Two years later, in September 1963, the S50 Skyline Deluxe (S50D-1) was launched,[8] followed by the Skyline Standard (S50S-1) in April 1964. This was the second generation car, and became one of the more desirable cars in Japan. It was powered by the G-1 engine,[4] a 68 hp or 70 PS (51 kW) version of the old GA-4. The S50 series were available with a three-speed column shift transmission, or a four-speed floor shift transmission from February 1965 (Deluxe only). A two-speed automatic option was added to the Deluxe in June 1966. The lower priced and equipped Standard model was added in April 1964; aiming at taxi operators and others it also lacked bumper overriders, making it 11 cm shorter. Three main models of the S50 were built: the S50-1 (1964–1966), the lightly facelifted S50-2 (1966–1967) and the S50-3 (1967–1968). These all used the same engine, with the later S57 receiving a more modern unit.
Externally, the S50-1 was installed with rounded brake lights and integrated tail lights, with a centrally installed turn signal, similar in appearance to the Ford Galaxie of 1961. The significant appearance change from the previous generation seems to reflect a similar approach done by German company BMW in 1962 with the New Class series, in deciding to build a small, affordable, performance coupe and sedan.
The S50 was sold in some markets with an A150 designation. In European markets (and other export markets), it was also marketed as the PMC-Mikado A150.[6] The S50-2 was also sold as the S56SE A190D for export markets in Europe[9] and Asia (such as in British Hong Kong),[10] which was equipped with the 55 hp (56 PS) 1.9 liter D-6 OHV diesel engine. This model had trim and equipment levels similar to the S50S-2. In Europe, period testers commented on the car's compact size (more like a 1.0 than a 1.5) and its sprightly performance, in large part due to the extremely low gearing.[11] The car's ample lighting was also noted, offering twin headlights, a bevy of warning lamps, numerous engine room light fittings, etcetera.[12] Also lauded were the cars road manners, as evident by the six-cylinder Skyline's competition successes.[11]
In August 1966, Nissan and Prince merged and the S50 also appeared with Nissan Prince Skyline badging. In October 1966, the S50-2 was introduced. This light facelift included a new grille and rectangular taillights, as well as changes to the interior, and with the addition of an extraction vent on the C-pillar.[13] It was sold as Prince Skyline, Prince A150, or PMC A150, depending on the market. All "Prince" dealership locations were added to the existing Nissan/Datsun Japanese dealerships, while retaining the Prince name to become the Nissan Prince Store.
In August 1967 the S50-3 was introduced. The tail lights and front side indicators were changed to a wider rectangular shape, but otherwise the car remained identical to the S50-2 series. The S50-3 was the last Prince model to use the G-1 engine. The Deluxe trim was rebranded as the S57 series.
S54
[edit]
Prince launched racing and road version of Skyline 2000GT in May 1964.[14] It was based on the S50D-1 and used the G-7 engine from the Gloria S41, though the car needed a 200 mm (8 in) extension to the wheelbase (all forward of the cowl) to provide space in the engine bay for the inline six. It entered the second Japanese Grand Touring II (GT-II) on 3 May 1964[15] and they hoped to win the race. Competing against the Porsche 904, the Skyline GTs managed second through to sixth places.[16] Only 100 units S54A-1 were made for homologation purpose[16] (92 road cars and 8 racing cars)[14] and sold out instantly due to the success of the race vehicle. The S54A-1 was available with the standard single carburetor (G7-A) 2.0-liter inline-six engine (producing 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) and 16.0 kg⋅m (157 N⋅m; 116 lb⋅ft)), 4-speed manual transmission and tachometer as standard. The triple Webber carburetors, a LSD, 5-speed manual transmission, sport steering wheel and oil cooler were available as additional options.[17]
In February 1965, the Prince Skyline 2000GT (S54B-2) was released to the Japanese market,[18] followed by the less powerful 2000GT-A (S54A-2) in September on the same year[19] and S54B-2 model was renamed to 2000GT-B.[20]
The GT-B model featured three Weber 40DCOE-18 carburetors (G7-B; producing 125 PS (92 kW; 123 hp) at 5,600 rpm and 17.0 kg⋅m (167 N⋅m; 123 lb⋅ft) at 4,400 rpm), rear torsion bar suspension, Nardi steering wheel, power brakes and front disc brakes as standard. The cheaper GT-A did not receive Nardi steering wheel, booster brakes, front disc brakes and rear wheel torque rod.[19] Both models could get additional options such as safety belts, radio, heather, bigger fuel tank, a LSD, 5-speed close ratio manual transmission and racing suspension kits.[19][18]
In October 1966, the GT received mild facelift similar to S50D-2, but retained its original round taillights. This model was known as S54-3. Still with similar equipment as S54-2, except for seat belts and 5-speed manual transmission (GT-B only) that became standard.[21][22]
The South Australian versions both used the S54B engine, the difference was in the gearbox, the GT-A had a 4-speed gearbox, and the GT-B had the European ZF 5-speed gearbox.
S57
[edit]
In August 1967 Prince released the successor of the S50D-2 called the S57.[8] It used a new engine of Prince's (designed before the merger with Nissan), the OHC 1.5 L (1,483 cc) G15. At 88 PS (65 kW; 87 hp), it was the most-powerful engine in the Japanese 1,500 cc class. The S57D was almost identical to the S50S-3 except for using different grille with a red "88" badge (for 88 PS) and an "OHC" badge above the right side reversing light. The trunk badge said "Prince" and the side badges said "Skyline 1500" or "Skyline 1500 Deluxe". There was a "NISSAN" badge of the left side of the grille as well as well as below the left side backup light. After the Prince name was dropped, the "NISSAN" badge under the backup light disappeared (the badge on the grille remained), and the "Prince" badges were replaced by "NISSAN", but the stylized "P" emblem on the hood remained.
Third generation (C10; 1968)
[edit]| Third generation | |
|---|---|
 C10 Nissan Skyline Sedan 1500 Deluxe | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | C10 |
| Also called | |
| Production |
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| Assembly | Musashimurayama, Japan |
| Designer | Shinichiro Sakurai |
| Body and chassis | |
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| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive |
| Related | Nissan Laurel (C30) |
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The C10 series of August 1968, which began its development under Prince at the company's Ogikubo R&D centre in the suburbs of Tokyo, was marketed with a Nissan badge. By the time the C10 went on sale, the Prince nameplate had been completely phased out on cars and trucks. The dealer network selling the cars became the Prince channel of Nissan, and the marketing group stayed at the Prince headquarters in Mita instead of moving to Nissan's headquarters in Ginza.
The C10 Skyline was launched with Prince's 1.5 L OHC G15 I4 like the S57. A 1.8 L G18 version was also available. A station wagon variant, known previously as the Prince Skyway, was offered with this generation. A hardtop coupé was introduced in October 1970. The Skyline chassis and suspension was now shared with the all-new, luxury-oriented, and longer wheelbase Laurel and was unique to the Nissan Store as a junior companion to the executive limousine Nissan President. The suspension used MacPherson struts for the front wheels and Semi-trailing arm independent suspension for the rear wheels.
The brake- and tail-lights were modified to square units, but now included dual units for both the left and right side of the vehicle. As the Skyline was now a Nissan product, it was repositioned above the Bluebird as a more sport-oriented sedan and coupe, while the Bluebird was unique to Nissan Store locations. Its appearance shows some resemblance to the earlier 1961 Fiat 2300, designed by Pininfarina.
2000GT
[edit]In October 1968 the GC10 2000GT's engine power was decreased to 105 hp (78 kW), Nissan introduced an automatic variant in June 1970, as well as a 2-door coupe in October 1970.
2000GT-X
[edit]In September 1971, the KGC10 2000 GT-X received a 2.0 L (1,998 cc) L20SU straight-six engine instead of the Prince G-7 engine. The chassis was already designed to fit a straight six, to avoid the S54 extension problem. 130 PS (96 kW; 128 hp) was available from this new engine. In March 1972 the lineup was expanded to include a four-door GT-X sedan.
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Facelift Nissan Skyline 2000 GT-X sedan (KGC10) -
Facelift Skyline 2000 GT-X hardtop coupé (KGC10) -
Facelift Skyline 2000 GT-X hardtop coupé (KGC10) -
L20 engine
GT-R
[edit]
The first GT-R Skyline appeared in February 1969.[27] Called the PGC-10 (KPGC-10 for later coupé version) internally and Hakosuka (ハコスカ) by fans. Hako (ハコ) means box in Japanese, and suka (スカ) is short for Skyline (スカイライン; Sukairain). It used the 2.0 L (1998 cc) S20 I6. This new DOHC engine (which was designed by the former Prince engineers) produced 160 hp (119 kW) and 180 N⋅m (133 lb⋅ft) of torque, and was similar to the GR8 engine used in the Prince R380 racing car.
The GT-R began as a sedan, but a 2-door coupé version was debuted in October 1970 and introduced in March 1971. The cars were stripped of unnecessary equipment to be as light as possible for racing, and performed well at the track. The sedan racked up 33 victories in less than two years, and the coupé stretched this to 50 through 1972.[27]
The C10 raced against many cars including the Toyota 1600GT, Isuzu Bellett GTR, Mazda Familia (R100) & Capella (RX-2) – even Porsche. In late 1971 the new Mazda RX-3 became the GT-R's main rival. The GT-R managed a few more victories before the RX-3 ended the GT-R's winning streak.
Models:
- 1500 – 1.5 L G-15 I4, 88 hp (71 kW), 128 N⋅m (94 lb⋅ft)
- 1500 – 1.5 L G-15 I4, 95 hp (71 kW), 128 N⋅m (94 lb⋅ft)
- 1800 – 1.8 L G-18 I4, 105 hp (78 kW), 150 N⋅m (111 lb⋅ft)
- 2000GT – 2.0 L L20 I6, 120 hp (89 kW), 167 N⋅m (123 lb⋅ft)
- 2000GT-X – 2.0 L L20SU I6, 130 hp (96 kW), 172 N⋅m (127 lb⋅ft)
- 2000GT-R – 2.0 L S20 I6, 160 hp (118 kW), 180 N⋅m (133 lb⋅ft)
- 2400GT 2.4 L – L24 I6, 130 hp (97 kW), 198 N⋅m (146 lb⋅ft)[24]
Body styles
[edit]- C-10 4-door sedan or 5-door wagon (August 1968 – September 1972)
- GC-10 4-door 2000GT (October 1968 – September 1972)
- PGC-10 4-door GT-R Skyline (February 1969 – September 1970)
- KPGC-10 2 Door GT-R Skyline (October 1970 – September 1972)
- KGC-10 2000GT 2-door (October 1970 – September 1972)
- KGC-10 2000GT-X 2-door (September 1971 – September 1972)
- KGC-10 2000GT-X 4-door (March 1972 – September 1972)
- GLC-10 2000GT 4-door Left Hand Drive
- HGLC-10 2400GT 4-door Left Hand Drive
Fourth generation (C110; 1972)
[edit]| Fourth generation | |
|---|---|
 C110 Nissan Skyline 1800GL sedan | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | C110 |
| Also called | |
| Production |
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| Assembly | Musashimurayama, Japan |
| Designer | Shinichiro Sakurai |
| Body and chassis | |
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| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive |
| Related | Nissan Laurel (C130) |
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The C110 generation was produced from September 1972 through August 1977. For export in the 1970s, the C110 and GC110 Skyline was sold as the Datsun K-series, with models such as the Datsun 160K, 180K and Datsun 240K.
The body styles were, once again, four-door sedan, two-door hardtop coupé, and five-door station wagon. The C110 was more fussy in its styling than its predecessor, particularly so in wagon form, where unusually for a wagon design, no windows were fitted between the C and D pillars.[citation needed] Its appearance seems to be influenced by the 1970–1975 Citroën SM.[citation needed] The C110 was the first version to return to the round rear tail and brake lights introduced in 1963 albeit with dual units from the previous generation, and the appearance has become a traditional Skyline feature. The styling also influenced a smaller, more affordable two-door coupe, called the Silvia, introduced in 1975. Nissan introduced its emission control technology, primarily consisting of fuel injection on trim packages ending with an "E", using the moniker Nissan NAPS also in 1975. In February 1976, the model was facelifted and became C111 model.[33]
The C110 Skyline was better known as the "Ken & Mary" or "Kenmeri" (ケンメリ) Skyline, stemming from the advertisement campaign in Japan at the time which featured a young couple (Ken and Mary) who relaxed and enjoyed the countryside in Ken and Mary's Skyline (ケンとメリーのスカイライン). The ads were highly successful and perhaps as a result the C110 was sold in very large numbers in Japan. Kenmeri was also a play on the term "Meriken" (メリケン) an old Japanese slang term for "American" due to the new Skyline's resemblance of American muscle cars of the time.
It sold just as well in Australia (in a 2.4L 6-cylinder form, badged as "Datsun 240K"). There, the 240K was about the same price as a Ford Falcon GT or BMW 5 Series, around AUD$5000.
GT-R
[edit]
The Skyline GT-R hardtop arrived in September 1972 but only lasted until March 1973, when Nissan ceased its production. The 1973 oil crisis saw many people preferring economy cars and high-performance sports cars were looked down upon. Nissan pulled out of Motor Racing shortly afterwards, and so there was no purpose for the GT-R. It was not officially exported anywhere, although Nissan contemplated exporting to Australia. Only 197 KPGC110 GT-Rs were ever sold in Japan[33] through specialist Nissan Performance shops (before it was called NISMO). This was the last GT-R for 16 years until the BNR32 in 1989.
Models
[edit]- 1600/160K – 1.6 L G16 I4
- 100 PS (99 hp; 74 kW) / 135 N⋅m (14 kg⋅m; 100 lb⋅ft)
- 1800/180K – 1.8 L G18 I4
- 105 PS (104 hp; 77 kW) / 150 N⋅m (15 kg⋅m; 111 lb⋅ft)
- 2000GT – 2.0 L L20A I6
- 115 PS (113 hp; 85 kW) / 162 N⋅m (17 kg⋅m; 119 lb⋅ft) (single carburetor regular gasoline)
- 120 PS (118 hp; 88 kW) / 167 N⋅m (17 kg⋅m; 123 lb⋅ft) (single carburetor high octane gasoline)
- 2000GT-X – 2.0 L L20A I6
- 125 PS (123 hp; 92 kW) / 167 N⋅m (17 kg⋅m; 123 lb⋅ft) (dual carburetors regular gasoline)
- 130 PS (128 hp; 96 kW) / 172 N⋅m (18 kg⋅m; 127 lb⋅ft) (dual carburetors high octane gasoline)
- 2000GT-E/GTX-E – 2.0 L L20E I6 (fuel injected)
- 130 PS (128 hp; 96 kW) / 167 N⋅m (17 kg⋅m; 123 lb⋅ft)
- 2000GT-R – 2.0 L S20 I6
- 155 PS (153 hp; 114 kW) / 173 N⋅m (18 kg⋅m; 128 lb⋅ft) (regular gasoline)
- 160 PS (158 hp; 118 kW) / 177 N⋅m (18 kg⋅m; 131 lb⋅ft) (high octane gasoline)
- 240K – 2.4 L L24 I6
- 122 PS (120 hp; 90 kW) / 187 N⋅m (19 kg⋅m; 138 lb⋅ft) (1975–1978 European model)[32]
- 130 PS (128 hp; 96 kW) / 196 N⋅m (20 kg⋅m; 145 lb⋅ft)
Body styles
[edit]- Sedan
- C110/1HC110 - Pre-facelift 1.6L sedan
- BC111 - Facelift 1.6L sedan
- PC110/1PC110 - Pre-facelift 1.8L sedan
- HC111 - Facelift 1.8L sedan
- GC110/1GC110 - Pre-facelift 2.0L sedan
- GC111 - Facelift 2.0L sedan
- HGC110 - Datsun 240K sedan
- Hardtop
- KC110/1KBC110 - Pre-facelift 1.6L hardtop
- KBC111 - Facelift 1.6L hardtop
- KPC110/1KHC110 - Pre-facelift 1.8L hardtop
- KHC111 - Facelift 1.8L hardtop
- KGC110/1KGC110 - Pre-facelift 2.0L hardtop
- KGC111 - Facelift 2.0L hardtop
- KPGC110 - 2000GT-R
- KHGC110 - Datsun 240K hardtop
- Wagon/Van:
- VC110/1VBC110 - 1.6L van
- VPC110 - 1.8L van
- WPC110 - 1.8L wagon
Fifth generation (C210; 1977)
[edit]| Fifth generation | |
|---|---|
 C211 Nissan Skyline 2000 GT-EL Sedan | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | C210 |
| Also called |
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| Production |
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| Assembly | Musashimurayama, Japan |
| Designer | Shinichiro Sakurai |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style |
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| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive |
| Related | Nissan Laurel (C230) |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission |
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| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase |
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| Length |
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| Width | 1,625 mm (64.0 in) |
| Height | 1,375–1,425 mm (54.1–56.1 in) |
| Curb weight |
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The succeeding C210 series of August 1977 continued to split the Skyline range into basic four-cylinder and six-cylinder models, the latter with a longer wheelbase and front end. This line continued through August 1981. A rare variant would be the wagon version, which had a unique styling treatment behind the rear doors, of a much smaller window than usual between the C and D pillars. The Skyline received an internal and external facelift in late 1978,[35] which led to a change of the model code from 210 to 211. This was also when the Skyline first appeared in several European export markets, such as Germany.[36]
The GT-EX replaced the discontinued GT-R with a turbocharged engine, the L20ET. As installed in the recently renewed Nissan Cedric/Gloria, this had been the first turbo engine to power a Japanese production vehicle.[37] One notable aspect of the turbo versions was that they were not intercooled and there was no form of blowoff valve, only an emergency pressure release valve. As usual with Japanese cars of this period, there were four- or five-speed manuals and a three-speed automatic, with a column-shifted three-speed manual available on lower end cars and vans.[35] The lowest powered option was the 2-liter LD20 diesel fitted to the Skyline Van 200D (VSC211D); it produces 65 PS (48 kW) at 4600 rpm.[34]
The L-series engines were all switched to the cross-flow Z-series in late 1978, although the L16 soldiered on a little longer in the commercial versions. The larger 2.4-liter inline-six was never offered in the domestic Japanese market; having been reserved for export. Export engines were rated in DIN horsepower, so while a Japanese-spec L24 promised 130 hp (97 kW; 132 PS), European market cars with the same engine only claimed 111 hp; 83 kW (113 PS). On the other hand, European buyers could also get the fuel injected L24E with 127 or 130 PS (93 or 96 kW) DIN, about on par with what the turbocharged GT-EX offered.[38][39] Originally marketed as the Datsun 240K-GT in Europe, the fuel injected version was sold as the Datsun Skyline in most markets where it was available. It has a claimed top speed of 186 km/h (116 mph).[36] In June 1980, the two-liter, fuel injected inline-four Z20E engine was added to the lineup, as was the 2.8 liter straight-six GT-Diesel with 91 PS (67 kW; 90 hp).
The "T" designation on the L16T and L18T designates twin carburetors. On the L20ET and later engines, "T" designates a turbo engine instead.
Models:
- 1600TI – 1.6 L L16 I4, 100 PS (74 kW; 99 hp), 13.5 kg⋅m (132 N⋅m; 98 lb⋅ft)
- 1600TI – 1.6 L Z16 I4, 95 PS (70 kW; 94 hp), 13.5 kg⋅m (132 N⋅m; 98 lb⋅ft)
- 1800TI – 1.8 L Z18 I4, 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp), 15.0 kg⋅m (147 N⋅m; 108 lb⋅ft) - the similar L18 received a claimed 77 PS (57 kW; 76 hp) DIN in European export markets.[38]
- 1800TI-EL – 1.8 L Z18E I4, 115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp), 15.5 kg⋅m (152 N⋅m; 112 lb⋅ft)
- 2000GT-EL – 2.0 L L20E I6, 130 PS (96 kW; 128 hp), 17.0 kg⋅m (167 N⋅m; 123 lb⋅ft)
- 2000GT-EX – 2.0 L L20ET turbo I6, 145 PS (107 kW; 143 hp), 21.0 kg⋅m (206 N⋅m; 152 lb⋅ft)
- Datsun 240K-GT – 2.4 L L24 I6, 142 PS (104 kW; 140 hp) DIN, 18.0 kg⋅m (177 N⋅m; 130 lb⋅ft), 180 km/h (112 mph), 0–100 km/h (62 mph) in 13.5 s.[40]
Sixth generation (R30; 1981)
[edit]| Sixth generation | |
|---|---|
 1983 Nissan Skyline 2.4E hatchback (Australia) | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | R30 |
| Production |
|
| Assembly |
|
| Designer | Shinichiro Sakurai |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style |
|
| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive |
| Related | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | 3/4-speed automatic or 4/5-speed manual |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,615 mm (103.0 in) |
| Length | 4,620 mm (181.9 in) |
| Width | 1,675 mm (65.9 in) |
| Height | 1,385 mm (54.5 in) |
The names were brought into line with the home Japanese and worldwide markets with the launch of the R30 series in August 1981, which was built on a C31 Laurel platform. Unlike preceding generations, four- and six-cylinder versions now shared a front end of the same length. The R30 was available as a two-door hardtop coupé, a four-door sedan, a five-door Liftback (available only in the R30 generation), or a four-door station wagon. In all, there were 26 variations of the R30 Skyline available.
All versions with the exception of the wagon were usually fitted with the four round tail lights that had become a regular feature to the Skyline's design. The wagon had different tail lights, headlights, and no turbo or six-cylinder versions available. It more closely resembled a Nissan Sunny than a Skyline. The two-door coupé had a hardtop, pillarless design, and featured roll-down quarter windows for the rear seat passengers (a styling feature of the previous C10, C110, and C211 coupés), while four-door versions had a traditional sedan body style with framed windows. The crease that appeared over the rear wheels beginning with the second generation, referred to as the "surf line", no longer appeared starting with this generation.
Various engine configurations were available, initially ranging from the top-of-the-line 103 kW SOHC 6-cylinder turbo L20ET to the 4-cylinder Z18S and 6-cylinder LD28 diesel versions at the other end of the scale. The all-new 16-valve DOHC FJ20 engine debuted in late 1981, and was the first four-cylinder engine from any Japanese manufacturer to employ more than two valves per cylinder (see below). Some of the top spec models featured adjustable suspension dampers that could be adjusted while driving, this was another first for mass-produced JDM vehicles. Nissan Glorias and Laurels also used the L series engines, as well as some diesel (Laurel only) variants.
The R30 range was facelifted in August 1983 with various changes across the board; for example four-wheel disc brakes were now standard issue, instead of being optional for lower-spec models. Trim specifications were revised and the 4-cylinder Z18S engine was replaced with the newer CA18E. Features included upgraded interior trim, new front and rear bumpers, door-mounted wing mirrors (replacing the old 'hockey stick' fender mirrors), and smoked tail lights.
During 1983 the Paul Newman Version R30 was released to commemorate the association between Nissan and the actor Paul Newman, who used to appear in promotional material, as well as race for the company during the late-1970s and early-1980s. The Newman Skyline was simply a top spec GT-ES turbo with signature embroidery and decals.
Export markets also received some larger (albeit less powerful) engines, in the form of 2.4 and 2.8 liter inline-sixes with Hitachi double carburetors, producing 120 PS (88 kW) or 139 PS (102 kW). The 2.8 was added in September 1982.[41]
Australia
[edit]Nissan Australia launched the R30 sedan in November 1981, with standard air conditioning, AM/FM radio cassette stereo, digital clock, intermittent wipers, five-speed manual or optional three-speed automatic.[42] This was fully imported from Japan.[43][44] The Liftbacks were released to the market in August 1982.[44] The facelift model launched in Australia during November 1983.[45] Notably, configurations of the R30 sold in Australia and New Zealand were missing the traditional hotplate tail lights, instead opting for more conventional styling.
South Africa
[edit]When entering the South African market in late 1982, Skylines were still sold as Datsuns. About a year after being introduced, the Nissan changeover took place. In addition to 2-liter models (sedans and liftbacks), the R30 Datsun Skyline was also available with the 2.8-liter "six" in the GTX Hardtop (the only coupé on offer). Along with the Nissan nameplate the four-door 2.8 GLX was added, using a two-barrel Hitachi carburetor. There was also a GL version, and in May 1984 the four-door GT version arrived. This was sportier than the GLX, benefitting from the GTX suspension and a Weber carburetor, but cost less than the GTX due to less equipment and having drums at the rear. The South African range was lightly facelifted for the 1986 model year, with a luxurious 2.8 SGL replacing the GLX and with the GT discontinued. Automatic transmission became available in the GTX Hardtop and also in the top-of-the-line SGLi sedan (which was not offered with a manual). The R30 was replaced by the R31 Skyline in mid-1987.
2-liter cars have the four-cylinder L20B engine; equipment levels include GL, and GLE-X, and there was also the Skyline 1800 L at the bottom of the ladder.
RS
[edit]
Although making about the same power as the L20ET-powered GT-ES models, the version of the Skyline initially known as the 2000RS was released on 2 October 1981 as more of a stripped-down lightweight racer, without as many luxury extras included (quoted curb weight was only 1,130 kg (2,491 lb)). These were equipped with the naturally aspirated 4-valve-per-cylinder DOHC FJ20E engine generating 110 kW (150 PS; 148 hp) of power at 6,000 rpm and 181 N⋅m (133 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4,800 rpm. The official Nissan chassis designation for all FJ20-powered models was DR30.
In February 1983 the DR30 range received a significant boost in performance with the introduction of the turbocharged FJ20ET engine in the 2000RS-Turbo. Front brakes were also significantly upgraded to cope with the power increase. Now with 140 kW (190 PS; 188 hp) of power at 6,400 rpm (measured on a gross basis) and 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4,800 rpm on tap, the FJ20ET enjoyed new-found prestige as the most powerful Japanese production engine of its era.
Nissan sought to elevate the status of the DR30 Skyline as their new flagship model in light of this success, and it received a generous amount of changes to distinguish it from lesser Skyline models in August 1983. Interior equipment was significantly upgraded to now include electric windows, air conditioning and power steering as standard in the new RS-X model (for Extra) with an increased curb weight of around 1,235 kg (2,723 lb) it also included a driver's seat with multi-way power lumbar adjustment, anti-skid control, fog lamps, rear deck spoiler and other features such as dimmable instrument cluster lighting; gone were the days of the spartan, stripped-out race interior, although this could still be specified at time of purchase. But by far the most striking change to the RS was the new unique front end treatment, nicknamed Tekkamen (鉄仮面) or Iron Mask by fans for its distinctive look. The headlights were considerably slimmer, and instead of a conventional grille the hood now sloped down to two narrow slits above a facelifted front bumper and airdam.
Further enhancements were made for 1984, most notably the addition of an air-to-air intercooler allowing the compression ratio to be increased from 8.0:1 to 8.5:1 with revised turbocharger exhaust housing to the FJ20ET powered model increasing output to 205 PS (151 kW; 202 hp) of power at 6,400 rpm (gross) and 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4,400 rpm. The intercooled model was nicknamed the Turbo C. The Turbo C formed the basis for the Super Silhouette race car built by GT-R Works and sponsored by Tomica and run in the All Japan Sports Prototype Championship under FIA Group C regulations[citation needed].
An automatic transmission option was also added 1984. Changes to the "Plasma Spark" ignition system followed in early 1985 towards the end of R30 production.
To this day the FJ20-powered R30 Skyline remains a cult car both at home and overseas (there are still dedicated "one make" drag racing events for this model in Japan), and is credited with rejuvenating the Skyline brand in the early 1980s. It also paved the way for the eventual re-introduction of the legendary GT-R badge, markedly absent since the end of C110 Skyline production in 1973.
The DR30 achieved success in Australian touring car racing during the mid-1980s. The factory backed Peter Jackson Nissan Team made its Group A debut in the opening round of the 1986 Australian Touring Car Championship, and over the 10 round series, lead driver George Fury would win four of the rounds and it was only unreliability in the first two rounds that cost Fury the title, finishing only 5 points behind the Volvo 240T of Robbie Francevic. Fury then went on to finish second to the BMW of Jim Richards in the 1986 Australian Endurance Championship, winning four of the six rounds, though failures to finish in the opening round at Amaroo Park in Sydney, as well as a DNF at the James Hardie 1000 at Bathurst cost him the title. Team driver Garry Scott put the DR30 on pole for the James Hardie 1000 before going on to finish third with young charger Glenn Seton.[46] Despite missing out on the drivers' title, Nissan won the 1986 Australian Manufacturers' Championship from BMW. Fury finished off 1986 by finishing second to the V8 Holden Commodore of Allan Grice in the Group A support race for the Australian Grand Prix in Adelaide.
Fury was joined in 1987 Australian Touring Car Championship by Glenn Seton. While Fury had a frustrating first half of the championship, Seton battled it out with the BMW M3 of Richards for the title. The series came down to the last race at Sydney's Oran Park Raceway where Richards used the nimble M3 to defeat Seton and win his second ATCC in three years. With Fury finishing third in the championship, this saw Nissan sharing victory with BMW in the 1987 Australian Manufacturers' Championship.[47] The final competitive race for the Peter Jackson Nissan DR30s came in the Group A support race for the 1987 Australian Grand Prix in Adelaide where Fury again finished second behind the Ford Sierra RS500 of Dick Johnson.
The 340 bhp (254 kW; 345 PS) DR30 continued to be used by privateer racers in Australian touring car racing until 1989.
Models: (Japan)
- 1800TI – 1.8 L Z18S SOHC I4, 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp), later models 1.8 L CA18E SOHC I4, 115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp)
- 2000TI – 2.0 L CA20E SOHC I4
- 2000TI – 2.0 L Z20E SOHC I4
- 2000GT and Passage – 2.0 L L20E SOHC I6
- 2000GT Turbo, Passage and Paul Newman Version – 2.0 L L20ET turbo I6, 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp)
- RS – 2.0 L FJ20E DOHC I4, 150 PS (110 kW; 148 hp), 181 N⋅m (133 lb⋅ft)
- RS-X and RS-X Turbo C – 2.0 L FJ20ET DOHC turbo I4, 190–205 PS (140–151 kW; 187–202 hp), 225–245 N⋅m (166–181 lb⋅ft)
- 200D GT – 2.0 L LD20 SOHC I4 diesel
- 280D GT – 2.8 L LD28 SOHC I6 diesel
Seventh generation (R31; 1985)
[edit]| Seventh generation | |
|---|---|
 R31 Nissan Skyline Coupe 2000 GTS-R | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | R31 |
| Also called | Nissan Pintara (Australian 4-cylinder models) |
| Production |
|
| Assembly |
|
| Designer | |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style |
|
| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive |
| Related | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | 4-speed automatic, 5-speed manual |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,610 mm (102.8 in) |
| Length |
|
| Width | 1,690 mm (66.5 in) |
| Height |
|
| Curb weight | 1,200–1,420 kg (2,645.5–3,130.6 lb) |
| Chronology | |
| Successor |
|
The R31 Skyline of 1985 was a natural evolution on the R30 shape, and also this one was loosely based on the Laurel platform (C32). The design was slightly larger and squarer than previous Skylines. It was available as a Sedan, Hardtop sedan, Coupé and station wagon. Affectionately known as the "Seventhsu" or simply "7th Sukairain" by owners, due to it being the 7th-generation Skyline.
The R31 Skyline introduced many new technologies and features. The HR31 was the first Skyline to be equipped with the new RB-series of engines. The HR31 RB engines are often referred to as "Red Top" engines because of the red cam covers. There were three variants. The earliest series of DOHC, 24-valve, RB engines used the NICS (Nissan Induction Control System) injection system with 12 very small intake runners, and a butterfly system to divide the intake ports in half for better low RPM performance. Later versions used ECCS (Electronically Concentrated Control System) engine management, discarded the twelve tiny runners for six much larger ones (though the cylinder heads still retained twelve individual intake ports separated by casting), and received a slightly larger turbocharger. Nissan's RD28, a 2.8 straight-six engine, featured for a diesel option. Another technological first for the R31 was the introduction of Nissan's proprietary four-wheel steering system, dubbed HICAS (High Capacity Active Steering). The R31 series were also the only models in the Skyline family to feature a four-door hardtop variation. These models were generally badged as the Passage GT; a luxury approach of this variation was also used by its platform twin Laurel on a shorter wheelbase.
The R31 Skyline was also produced in Australia, with a 3.0 L motor (RB30E) available in sedan or wagon form, as well as a four-cylinder version called the Nissan Pintara. The wagon had the same front style as the coupe and sedan—the only difference being that it lacked the four round brake lights that had been a consistent element of Skyline design (except for the R31 series one/two which had rectangular taillights with a solid bar through the centre which was also shared by the Pintara). These cars were manufactured in Australia due to the heavy import laws which made it expensive to bring cars into Australia.
29,305 R31 Skylines were also manufactured and sold in South Africa in four-door sedan form between 1987 and 1992. These were the last Skylines seen in South Africa. Power came from either the RB30E 3.0 straight-six engine, RB20E 2.0 straight-six, or the CA20S four-cylinder powerplant.
The R31 Skyline were also sold in some Middle Eastern countries such as Kuwait and Oman. Sold in sedan or coupe form, it was available with either a carburetted or fuel injected versions of the RB30 3.0-liter straight 6. This was the final generation of the Skyline to be sold officially in the region until it was reintroduced later with the 11th generation under the Infiniti brand.
GTS-R
[edit]The ultimate version of the R31 was the RB20DET-R powered HR31 GTS-R Coupe of which 823[50] units were built to allow an homologation "evolution" mode for Group A Touring Car racing. Introduced in late 1987, it had a reworked version of the normal RB20DET with a much larger turbocharger on a tubular steel exhaust manifold, as well as a much larger front-mounted intercooler. It had a factory-claimed maximum output of 210 PS (154 kW; 207 hp), with racing versions making over 430 hp (321 kW; 436 PS) in Group A trim, though this was still at least 110 hp (82 kW; 112 PS) less than the leading Group A car of the time, the Ford Sierra RS500 (which had approximately the same weight as the Nissan), and around 70 hp (52 kW; 71 PS) less than the heavier (by around 225 kg (496 lb)) V8 Holden Commodore.
Jim Richards and Mark Skaife drove a Gibson Motor Sport prepared Skyline GTS-R to win the 1989 Sandown 500 in Australia. Richards also used the GTS-R in 6 of the 8 races to win the 1990 Australian Touring Car Championship (he used the R32 GT-R in the final two rounds of the series). It was the first Australian Touring Car Championship victory for a Nissan driver after George Fury placed second in 1983 and 1986 and Glenn Seton gained second position in 1987.
Models
[edit]Japanese market:
- 1800 C, 1800 Excel and 1800 Passage – 1.8 L CA18S SOHC I4, 90 hp (67 kW; 91 PS)
- GT Excel D, GT Passage D – 2.8 L Diesel RD28 SOHC I6, 92 hp (69 kW; 93 PS), 173 N⋅m (128 lb⋅ft)
- GT Excel, GT Passage – 2.0 L RB20E SOHC I6, 128 hp (95 kW; 130 PS)
- GT Excel Twin Cam 24V, GT Passage Twin Cam 24V – 2.0 L RB20DE DOHC I6, 155 hp (116 kW; 157 PS)
- GT Passage Turbo – 2.0 L RB20ET SOHC turbo I6, 167 hp (125 kW; 169 PS), 206 N⋅m (152 lb⋅ft)
- GT Passage Twin Cam 24V Turbo – 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC turbo I6, 180 hp (134 kW; 182 PS), 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft)
- GTS – 2.0 L RB20DE DOHC I6, 155 hp (116 kW; 157 PS)
- GTS Turbo – 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC I6, 180 hp (134 kW; 182 PS), 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft)
- GTS-X – 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC turbo I6, 190 hp (142 kW; 193 PS), 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft)
- GTS-R – 2.0 L RB20DET-R DOHC turbo I6, 210 hp (157 kW; 213 PS), 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft)
- GTS Autech – 2.0 L RB20DET-R DOHC turbo I6, 210 hp (157 kW; 213 PS), 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft)
- Tommykaira M20 – 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC I6, 217 hp (162 kW; 220 PS), 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft)
- Tommykaira M30 – 3.0 L RB30DE DOHC I6, 236.5 hp (176 kW; 240 PS), 294 N⋅m (217 lb⋅ft)[49]
Australian market:
- Pintara GLi, Executive, GX, & GXE – 2.0 L CA20E I4, 106 PS (78 kW; 105 hp), 160 N⋅m (118 lb⋅ft)
- GX, Executive, GXE, Silhouette, Ti – 3.0 L RB30E SOHC I6, 155 PS (114 kW; 153 hp), 247 N⋅m (182 lb⋅ft) Initially quoted as 117 kW, 252 N⋅m but later revised
- Silhouette GTS1 – 3.0 L RB30E SOHC I6, 177 PS (130 kW; 175 hp) , 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft)
- Silhouette GTS2 – 3.0 L RB30E SOHC I6, 190 PS (140 kW; 187 hp), 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft)
South African market:
- 2.0GL, 2.0GLE – 2.0 L CA20S I4, 106 hp (79 kW; 107 PS), 163 N⋅m (120 lb⋅ft)
- 2.0SGLi – 2.0 L RB20E SOHC I6, 115 hp (86 kW; 117 PS), 174 N⋅m (128 lb⋅ft)
- 3.0SGLi – 3.0 L RB30E SOHC I6, 171 hp (128 kW; 173 PS), 260 N⋅m (192 lb⋅ft)
Eighth generation (R32; 1989)
[edit]| Eighth generation | |
|---|---|
 R32 Nissan Skyline GTS Type-S | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | R32 |
| Production | |
| Assembly | Musashimurayama, Japan |
| Designer | Naganori Ito (1986) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | |
| Layout | |
| Related | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission |
|
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,615 mm (103.0 in) |
| Length |
|
| Width |
|
| Height |
|
| Curb weight |
|
The R32 Skyline debuted in 1989. It was available as either a 2-door coupe or 4-door hardtop sedan, all other bodystyles were dropped. The R32 featured several versions of the RB-series straight-6 engines, which had improved heads (the twelve port inlet was gone) and used the ECCS (Electronically Concentrated Control System) injection system. Also available was an 1,800 cc 4-cylinder GXi model. Most models had HICAS four-wheel steering, with the rear wheels being hydraulically linked to the front steering. The 2.5-liter GTS-25 became one of the first Japanese production cars to feature a 5-speed automatic transmission. The GTS-t came in standard and Type M configurations, with the Type M having larger five-stud 16-inch wheels, four piston front calipers and twin piston rears plus other minor differences. ABS was optional (except for the GT-R and GTS-4), mechanical LSD was standard on the GT-R and viscous LSD was standard on all turbo models and optional on all but the GXi. Nissan also produced 100 Australian models of the R32. In addition, there was a 4WD version of the GTS-t Type M, called the GTS-4.
This generation was considered a "compact" under Japanese legislation that determined the amount of tax liability based on exterior dimensions. The smaller engines were offered so as to provide Japanese buyers the ability to choose which annual road tax obligation they were willing to pay. The station wagon body style was discontinued, and would not see a replacement (the Stagea) until 1996, by which point the R33 had arrived.
Models:[52]
- GXi, GXi Type-X (FR32) sedan – 1.8 L CA18i SOHC I4, 91 PS (67 kW; 90 hp), 142 N⋅m (105 lb⋅ft) RWD
- GTE, GTE Type-X/X.V, SV/V (HR32) sedan – 2.0 L RB20E SOHC I6, 125 PS (92 kW; 123 hp), 152 N⋅m (112 lb⋅ft) RWD
- GTS, GTS SV/V, Type-J/X, Urban Road (HR32) coupe/sedan – 2.0 L RB20DE DOHC I6 155 PS (114 kW; 153 hp), 154 N⋅m (114 lb⋅ft) RWD
- GTS (HCR32) coupe/sedan – 2.0 L RB20DE DOHC I6, 155 PS (114 kW; 153 hp), 154 N⋅m (114 lb⋅ft) RWD with Super HICAS
- GTS-t, GTS-t Type-M/S (HCR32) coupe/sedan – 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC turbo I6, 215 PS (158 kW; 212 hp), 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) RWD with Super HICAS
- GTS-4 (HNR32) coupe/sedan – 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC turbo I6, 215 PS (158 kW; 212 hp), 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) 4WD with Super HICAS
- GTS-25 SV, Type-X (ER32) coupe/sedan – 2.5 L RB25DE DOHC I6, 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp), 231 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) RWD
- GTS-25 Type-S/XG (ECR32) coupe/sedan – 2.5 L RB25DE DOHC I6, 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp), 231 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) RWD with Super HICAS
- Autech Version GTS-4 (HNR32) sedan – 2.6 L RB26DE DOHC I6, 220 PS (162 kW; 217 hp), Autech Version (auto only) 4WD with Super HICAS - only 201 made[53]
- GT-R (BNR32) coupe – 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin-turbo I6, 280 PS (206 kW; 276 hp), 368 N⋅m (271 lb⋅ft) 4WD with Super HICAS
Type-Nismo/N1/V-Spec I/V-Spec I N1/V-Spec II/V-Spec II N1 (Race engine for Nismo (normal output) and N1, no info from nissan (but no 24U stamp like the later once but most likely the same)
- Tommykaira M20 (based from GTS-t coupe) – tuned 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC turbo I6, 250 PS (184 kW; 247 hp), 275 N⋅m (203 lb⋅ft) RWD[54]
- Tommykaira M30 (based from GTS-t coupe) – tuned 3.0 L (3030 cc) RB30DE DOHC I6, 280 PS (206 kW; 276 hp), 296 N⋅m (218 lb⋅ft) RWD[54]
- Tommykaira R (based from GT-R) – tuned 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin-turbo I6, 350 PS (257 kW; 345 hp), 354 N⋅m (261 lb⋅ft) 4WD with Super HICAS[55]
- HKS EN2-A (based from GTS-t coupe) – tuned 2.0 L RB20DET DOHC turbo I6, 350 PS (257 kW; 345 hp) 2WD with Super HICAS[56]
- HKS Zero-R (based from GT-R) – tuned 2.7 L (2688 cc) RB26DETT DOHC twin-turbo I6, 450 PS (331 kW; 444 hp), 490 N⋅m (361 lb⋅ft) 4WD with Super HICAS[57]
- HKS Zero-R 2006 spec (based from GT-R) – tuned 2.8 L (2771 cc) RB26DETT DOHC twin-turbo I6, 600 PS (441 kW; 592 hp), 647 N⋅m (477 lb⋅ft) 4WD with Super HICAS[58]
Production numbers:[52]
- Standard - 269.554
- GT-R - 43.937
- Total - 313.491
GT-R
[edit]
The R32 GT-R was first produced in 1988 including prototype cars. The first six Nismos were built in 1989. The other 554 NISMO GT-Rs were all built in 1990 and were all Gunmetal Grey in color. The RB26DETT engine actually produced ~320 PS (316 hp),[59] but it was understated due to the Japanese car makers' "gentlemen's agreement" not to exceed 280 PS (276 hp). The engine was designed for ~500 hp in racing trim,[60] and then muzzled by the exhaust, boost restriction, and ECU. After this increase the car would put out ~310 hp (~230 kW) and could do 0–100 km/h (62 mph) in 4.7 seconds and the quarter mile in 12.8 seconds.[citation needed]
The GT-R had a significantly larger intercooler, larger brakes, and aluminum front guards and hood. Other distinguishing features include flared front and rear wheel arches. More supportive seats were fitted, and the turbo boost gauge and digital clock were removed from inside the instrument cluster. The clock was replaced with a torque meter that indicated how much torque was being delivered to the front wheels (0%–50%). Oil temp, voltage, and turbo boost gauges were fitted just above the climate control.
The Porsche 959 was Nissan's target when designing the GT-R. The chief engineer, Naganori Ito, intended to use the car for Group A racing, so the design specification was drawn up in conjunction with a copy of the Group A rules. The Nordschleife production car record at the time of development was 8'45" – set by a Porsche 944. Nissan test driver Hiroyoshi Katoh reset the record with a time of 8'20".[61] Best Motoring managed 8'22"38.[62]
The R32 GT-R dominated Japanese Touring Car Championship (JTCC), winning 29 races from 29 starts, taking the series title every year from 1989 to 1993.[63] It took 50 races from 50 starts from 1991 to 1997 (latterly R33) in the N1 Super Taikyu.
The R32 GT-R was introduced into the Australian Touring Car Championship in 1990 and promptly ended the reign of the previously all-conquering Ford Sierra Cosworth, winning Bathurst 1000 classic in 1991 and 1992. This success led to the Australian motoring press nicknaming the car Godzilla due to it being a "monster from Japan". As Australia was the first export market for the car the name quickly spread. Such was the GT-R's dominance that it was a significant factor in the demise of Group A Touring Car racing, the formula being scrapped soon after. JTCC was similarly blighted by the R32 GT-R, and splintered soon after, leading to the switch to the Supertouring category and also indirectly to the GT500 category of today.
When originally designed, the homologation rulebook mandated 16-inch wheels, so that's what the GT-R got. This limited the size of the brakes, and the four-piston calipers used by Nissan were not competitive. After the rules changed to allow 17-inch wheels, the GT-R V-spec (for Victory) emerged in February 1993 wearing 17" BBS mesh wheels (225/50/17) covering larger Brembo calipers. The clutch actuation changed from a push to a pull system and the car had a standard mechanical rear differential (the electronic rear differential did not show up until the R33 V-Spec). A year later, the V-Spec II appeared with a new sticker and wider tires (245/45 17).[64]
The Nismo Skyline GT-R is a limited (500 street, 60 racing) version of Nissan Skyline with Nissan RB engine with twin steel turbochargers rated 280 PS (206 kW; 276 hp) at 6,800 rpm and 353 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft) at 4,400 rpm, HICAS all-wheel steering, electronically controlled ATTESA all-wheel drive.[65]
In August 2014, the first R32 Skyline GT-Rs became eligible for US import under the NHTSA "25 year" rule, which allows vehicles that are at least 25 years old (to the month of manufacture) to be imported. These vehicles, due to their age do not have to comply with federal emissions or with federal motor vehicle safety standards.[66]
Ninth generation (R33; 1993)
[edit]| Ninth generation | |
|---|---|
 1993–1996 Nissan Skyline R33 GTS Sedan | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | R33 |
| Production |
|
| Assembly | Musashimurayama, Japan |
| Designer | Kozo Watanabe (1991) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | |
| Layout | |
| Related | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,720 mm (107.1 in) |
| Length |
|
| Width |
|
| Height |
|
| Curb weight |
|
The R33 Skyline was introduced in August 1993. Slightly heavier than the R32, it was again available in coupé and sedan body configurations. The R33 was the safest of the models with a rating of 3.8 out of 5.5 accordingly; the airbag system and internal crash bars made this vehicle significantly safer than previous models. All models now used a six-cylinder engine. Nissan took the unusual step of down-grading the GTS model to have only the RB20E, this was mated to either a 5 speed manual or an optional 5 speed automatic. The twin-cam unit of the R32 GTS was discontinued and so was the 2.0 L turbo RB20DET from the GTS-t, this was replaced with the GTS-25t which was equipped with the larger RB25DET and mated to either a 5 speed manual or an optional 4 speed automatic, the 5 speed auto was not used as it wasn't strong enough for the extra power. HICAS was standard in all GTS-25t sub-models except the Type G.
Some models came equipped with a new version of the HICAS four-wheel steering system called Super HICAS. This computer controlled system was first used on the R32 GT-R. Super HICAS used electric actuators to steer the rear, as opposed to the hydraulic HICAS. This generation was no longer considered a "compact" under Japanese legislation that determined the amount of tax liability based on exterior dimensions.
As an option, an active limited slip differential was available instead of the standard viscous LSD. This new unit locked the rear differential if it detected that traction was lost by one of the wheels. A light on the dash also lit up if the LSD engaged. Active LSD came standard on all V-Spec R33 GT-R Skylines and was also available on some ECR33 GTS-25t models; these can be identified by the A-LSD and SLIP lights on the tachometer.
The RB25DE and RB25DET engines also became equipped with NVCS (variable inlet cam phasing). NVCS equipped RB series engine have a bulge on the front of the cam cover. To celebrate their 40th anniversary, Nissan introduced a very rare four-door GT-R. Two versions of the GT-R sedan were available from Nissan's subsidiaries: the first was produced by Autech, and the second was a joint Autech/Nismo project.
A Nissan Laurel C34-based wagon was released in September 1996, called the Stagea. It is widely regarded as a compatriot of the Skyline, rather than the Laurel it was based on, owing to drivetrain configurations — commonly AWD, using ATTESA ET-S. A common modification on the Stagea is to fit it with an R34 skyline front, in effect making an R34-lookalike wagon. A manual transmission was only available on the RS-Four S and 260RS models. There was also an Autech tuned Stagea, the 260RS; released with full GT-R running gear including the RB26DETT engine and manual transmission, a unique body kit, 17" BBS style alloys, and GT-R instrumentation.[67]
Models:
- HR33 GTS – 2.0 L RB20E SOHC I6, 130 PS (96 kW; 128 hp), 172 N⋅m (127 lb⋅ft)
- ER33 GTS-25 – 2.5 L RB25DE DOHC I6, 190 PS (140 kW; 187 hp), 231 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft)
- ENR33 GTS-4 – 2.5 L RB25DE DOHC I6, 190 PS (140 kW; 187 hp), 231 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) 4WD
- ECR33 GTS-25t – 2.5 L RB25DET DOHC turbo I6, 250 PS (184 kW; 247 hp), 294 N⋅m (217 lb⋅ft)
- ECR33 P.Ride 280 Type MR – 2.8L RB28DET DOHC turbo I6, 300 PS (221 kW; 296 hp)
1996 facelift
[edit]The R33 Skyline (Spec 2) continued the concepts introduced in the R32. Driver and Passenger airbags became standard in 1996. As a result, pre-1996 models are barred from being imported into various countries for consumer road use as they do not meet the frontal impact standards. For the RB25DET engine the ignition system was also changed, with the ignition module no longer located on the cam covers and was instead replaced by smart ignition coils (Ignitor built into coil) and ECU. The RB25DET's turbo was also given a nylon compressor wheel to improve response. Throughout the time the R33 was produced there were quite a number of different styled lights and bodykits fitted, the actual body/chassis underwent no changes. Among the cosmetic changes in the spec 2 were, the headlights which tapered down more towards the grill and were fitted with improved reflectors, the grill (which was longer on the Spec 1), the hood which had a re-shaped leading edge to fit the new lights and front bumper changing shape in the smallest amount to match the lower edge of the new headlights. Later models of the Spec 2 also had the option of having an Active-LSD fitted.
The R33 ceased production in February 1998, the production run ending with the 40th Anniversary R33.
-
1993–1996 Nissan Skyline (R33) GTS-25t coupé -
1994 Nissan Skyline R33 GTS Sedan -
R33 Skyline interior (GTS-25t Type M)
GT-R
[edit]
The previous R32 model was a well proven build, but the R32 wasn't without faults and suffered with uplift and balance issues. Along with that, Nissan was, as other Japanese companies were, under strict restrictions on power gains. So, to combat all those areas, Nissan created the sophisticated strength Programme. Nissan increased the width by about one inch on the R33 to the R32 and made it about 4 inches longer. This gave the R33 a longer wheelbase overall and lower stance mixed with new technology now from the computer aerodynamic age. Each line on the R33 was intended to give the car ultimate aerodynamics with wider gaps in the bumper and angles of air movement which allowed better cooling, in addition to the fuel tank lifted; the battery moved to the trunk. Rigidity points were added mixed with improvements on the Attessa and Hicas all now offered the R33 with the best aerodynamics, balance, and handling. Nissan engineers also found other ways to reduce weight, even by a few grams.
This includes: Hollowing out the side door beams. Using high tensile steel on body panels. Reduction in sound deadening materials. Super HICAS becoming electric. Hollowing out of rear stabilizer bar. Use of high tensile springs front and rear. Shrinking the ABS actuator. Light aluminum wheels with higher rigidity The front and rear axles were made of aluminum (as in the BNR32), but so were engine mount insulators and brackets. New plastics were used for: fuel tank, head lamps, super high strength "PP" bumpers, air cleaner, changing the headlining material, changing material of rear spoiler. All this put together meant we saw an improved time against the R32 of 21 seconds faster around the Nürburgring and 23 seconds faster in V spec trim, still making the R33 the fastest Skyline around the Nürburgring. The BCNR33 GT-R version also had the same RB26DETT engine that the BNR32 was equipped with, although torque had been improved, due to changes in the turbo compressor aerodynamics, turbo dump pipe, and intercooler. The turbo core changed from a sleeve bearing to a ball bearing, but the turbine itself remained ceramic, except on N1 turbos (steel turbine, sleeve bearing). From the R33 onward, all GT-Rs received Brembo brakes.[68] In 1995 the GT-R received an improved version of the RB26DETT, the ATTESA-ETS four-wheel-drive system, and Super HICAS 4-wheel steering.
A limited edition model was created in 1996, called the NISMO 400R, that produced 406 PS (298 kW; 400 hp) from a road-tuned version of Nissan's Le Mans engine.[69] A stronger six-speed Getrag gearbox was used.
An R33 GT-R driven by Dirk Schoysman lapped the Nordschleife in less than 8 minutes. The Skyline GT-R R33 is reported to be the first production car to break 8 minutes, at 7 minutes and 59 seconds. Other manufacturers had caught up since the R32 was released, and the R33 never dominated motorsport to the extent of the R32. The R33 saw victory in the JGTC GT500 dominating the class and taking victory each year until its final racing year in which it was finally beaten by the McLaren F1 GTR.
The R33 saw huge favour in the tuning world with it being a popular model on the Wangan and top tuning companies building heavily tuned version from Top Secret ran by Smokey Nagata to Jun etc. and later by companies like Sumo. HKS GT-R would hold a drag series record for several years in their drag series, making a record win of 7.671-second pass at Sendai Hi-Land Raceway with Tetsuya Kawasaki behind the wheel and taking it to be the world's fastest AWD car.
Models:
- GT-R – 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin-turbo I6, 280 PS (206 kW; 276 hp), 375 N⋅m (277 lb⋅ft) 4WD
- GT-R LM – 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin-turbo I6, 305 PS (224 kW; 301 hp) FR
- NISMO 400R – 2.8 L RBX-GT2 DOHC twin-turbo I6, 400 PS (294 kW; 395 hp), 478 N⋅m (353 lb⋅ft) 4WD - intended to be produced in a limited run of just 100 cars, although only 44 were ever built.[70]
- 4Dr. GT-R Autech Version – 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin-turbo I6, 280 PS (206 kW; 276 hp), 375 N⋅m (277 lb⋅ft) 4WD - only 447 made[71]
Tenth generation (R34; 1998)
[edit]| Tenth generation | |
|---|---|
 Nissan Skyline R34 25GT Sedan | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | R34 |
| Production |
|
| Assembly | Musashimurayama, Japan |
| Designer | Kozo Watanabe (1996) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | |
| Layout |
|
| Related | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission |
|
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,665 mm (104.9 in) |
| Length |
|
| Width |
|
| Height |
|
| Curb weight |
|
| Chronology | |
| Successor | Nissan GT-R (R35) (for GT-R models) |
The R34 Skyline was introduced in May 1998. The HR34, ER34, and ENR34 marked the introduction of the more fuel-efficient RB25DET NEO engine. The RB20E engine was discontinued in the R34 base model (GT), and the RB20DE, after last being used in the R32 Skyline, was reintroduced in the updated NEO guise. The R34 GT, powered by the RB20DE NEO and coupled with a five-speed gearbox, became the most fuel-efficient straight-six Skyline to date (of any shape).
The 4-speed automatic transmission available on some models was retained, and was upgraded with tiptronic-style manual controls.[72] An export-market 25GT Turbo coupe variant (often abbreviated as GT-T) was sold in Singapore and Hong Kong from 1998 to 2000, while the facelift 25GT Turbo was sold in New Zealand between 2001 and 2002 alongside the GT-R V-Spec. These were the only three countries outside of Japan that sold the R34 25GT Turbo model Skylines new. All Japanese Nissan Prince Store locations that sold the Skyline were renamed Nissan Red Stage.
Nissan introduced two new models for the base vehicle, the 25GT-X and the 25GT-V. The 25GT-X was only available as a sedan and included optional extras over the base-model 25GT and 25GT Turbo such as tinted rear windows and pop-up LCD display that replaced the triple cluster on the turbo models. Another version, the 25GT-V, was a naturally-aspirated variation powered by the RB25DE, came standard with the upgraded 4-piston front and 2-piston rear Sumitomo calipers, limited-slip differential and 17" alloy wheels only found on the turbo models.
In August 2000, the R34 received a facelift which changed the front bumper to a new, sleek design and Xenon headlights were standard across the entire range along with side-airbags built into the driver and passenger outer seat bolsters. For the interior, pedals were changed from rubber to aluminum while the gear shift knob and steering wheel were now made of genuine leather in a 2-tone design, the latter branded with the Skyline "S" badge as opposed to the Nissan logo. The centre console and dials now had an iridium-silver appearance; previously they were a gunmetal-grey look.[73] Optional exterior extras for the R34 included exterior aero which consists of redesigned front and rear bumpers, side skirts and a wrap-around spoiler on the rear which was only available for the coupe. Optional tuning Nismo parts for the R34 included shock absorbers, a variable sports exhaust system, aluminum intercooler, sway bars, oil cooler, and limited slip differential.[74]
The R34 Skyline was the last in the series to have its platform shared with the luxury-oriented, longer wheelbase Laurel following the closure of the Musashimurayama factory in 2002, with the Laurel being discontinued that same year.
Models:
- GT (HR34) – 2.0 L RB20DE NEO I6, 155 PS (114 kW; 153 hp), 186 N⋅m (137 lb⋅ft)
- 25GT (ER34) – 2.5 L RB25DE NEO I6, 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp), 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft)
- 25GT-X (ER34) – 2.5 L RB25DE NEO I6, 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp), 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft)
- 25GT-V (ER34) – 2.5 L RB25DE NEO I6, 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp), 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft)
- 25GT FOUR (ENR34) – 2.5 L RB25DE NEO I6, 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp), 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft) 4WD
- 25GT-X FOUR (ENR34) – 2.5 L RB25DE NEO I6, 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp), 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft) 4WD
- 25GT Turbo (ER34) – 2.5 L RB25DET NEO turbo I6, 280 PS (206 kW; 276 hp), 343 N⋅m (253 lb⋅ft)
- 25GT-X Turbo (ER34) – 2.5 L RB25DET NEO turbo I6, 280 PS (206 kW; 276 hp), 333–363 N⋅m (246–268 lb⋅ft)
GT-R (BNR34)
[edit]
The GT-R reappeared in January 1999, with a revised chassis and other updates. The R34 turbos received a ball bearing core. The R34 N1 turbos had a metal exhaust wheel, and ball bearing center section. The turbo outlet pipes were changed from cast to formed metal outlets. The intercooler outlet side and rear turbo dump pipe had temperature probes fitted in the V-spec models.
Models: (all ATTESA E-TS Pro AWD)
- GT-R – 2.6 L RB26DETT twin-turbo I6, 280 PS (206 kW; 276 hp) advertised
- GT-R V·spec – Additional aero parts, brake ventilation ducts, diffuser, ALSD.
- GT-R V·spec UK – V·spec with three additional oil coolers, an extra measurement on the MFD, leather interior, new features on the display (Only 80 made).
- GT-R V·spec N1 - V·spec with Blueprinted N1 motor, no A/C, no stereo, no rear wiper, basic interior trim. (only 45 made)
- GT-R V·spec II – As V·spec + carbon fiber hood with NACA duct.
- GT-R V·spec II N1 – V·spec II with N1 motor, no A/C, no stereo, no rear wiper, basic interior trim. (only 18 made)
- GT-R M·spec – Leather interior, softer suspension with "Ripple Control" dampers, heated seats.
- GT-R V·spec II Nür – As above V·spec II + N1 motor, 300 km/h speedometer. (only 750 made)
- GT-R M·spec Nür – As above M·spec + N1 motor, 300 km/h speedometer. (only 253 made)
- GT-R NISMO S-tune- The S-tune - Tuning package from Nismo, targeting street drivers that want to bring out the "potential" of their GT-R.
- GT-R NISMO R-tune- Same as the S-tune, the R-tune is further modified with more emphasize towards circuit racing. (Only 3 made)
- GT-R NISMO Z-tune – 2.8 L (bored and stroked) 'RB28DETT' twin-turbo I6, 500 PS (368 kW; 493 hp), 540 N⋅m (398 lb⋅ft) Z1 and Z2 (Only 20 made)
Skyline GT-R M·spec (2001–02)
[edit]The M·spec is a version of the Nissan Skyline GT-R with ripple control shock absorbers, M·spec-specific leather seat (front/rear seat, with front seat heater), 3-spoke leather wrapped steering wheel, and a choice of four body colors (including Silica Breath (RPM/multi flex color)).
The vehicle went on sale on 8 May 2001.[75]
Skyline GT-R M·spec Nür, V·spec II Nür (2002)
[edit]
The M·spec Nür and V·spec II Nür are limited (1000 units) versions of the Nissan Skyline GT-R with Super Taikyu N1 spec engine, for the Japanese market. It includes a 300 km/h speedometer, 3d grade name emblem, and an additional body color option (Millennium Jade Metallic).
The vehicles went on sale on 26 February 2002.[75]
Production
[edit]Production of the Skyline GT-R type R34 ended on 29 August 2002.
Since the beginning of Skyline GT-R M·spec Nür and V·spec II Nür sales, 25% of vehicles sold were M・spec Nür, 75 of vehicles sold were V·spec II Nür. Millennium Jade, White Pearl, and White body colors have been used on 28%, 22%, 16% of M·spec Nür and V·spec II Nür vehicles respectively.[76]
Marketing
[edit]As part of the Type R34 GT-R final campaign, all Skyline GT-R customers received an official GT-R photo album before 24 January 2002.[75]
United States
[edit]A small number of R34 GT-Rs are legal in the United States despite not being compliant with the NHTSA 25-year rule prior to 2024. An importer called Motorex crash-tested an R33, submitted emissions paperwork and certification to the Environmental Protection Agency, and modified others to meet US approval. The company ran into legal trouble after importing R32 and R34 models, but telling the government they were R33s. Motorex also stopped making the required modifications (safety, US-spec gauges and reflectors, etc.) needed in order for the cars to be sold in the US. After a 2005 raid on the company, Motorex was shut down. The government then sent letters to the owners of the disputed cars and made them US legal, since the cars were imported under false pretenses. An estimated twelve R34 GT-Rs are US-legal as a result of this.[77]
In 2018, the first R34 GT-R was legally imported under the FMVSS's "Show & Display" exemption.[78] Currently, only the first 282 V-Spec GT-Rs produced for 1999, finished in LV4 Midnight Purple II paint, and the 285 M-Spec Nür models, as well as the 38 V-Spec N1 models and the 18 V-Spec II N1 models finished in QM1 White are eligible under this exemption.[79] However, only a minimum of 199 of the 11,578 models of the R34 GT-R produced from 1999 to 2004 had been painted in LV4 Midnight Purple II according to GT-R Registry claims.[80]
The R34 GT-R would become legally importable in 2024 under the 25-year rule.[81][82] This came to pass in January 2024 with the first R34 GT-R models manufactured in January 1999, which had turned 25 years old by then. These vehicles do not have to comply with any federal safety and emissions regulations due to their age, and are eligible for legal import into the United States.[66] R34 GT-Rs manufactured from 2000 to 2004 will become legal for US import starting in 2025 up to 2029.
Eleventh generation (V35; 2001)
[edit]| Eleventh generation | |
|---|---|
 2004–2006 Nissan Skyline Sedan 250GT Four (V35, Japan) | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | V35 |
| Also called | Infiniti G35 |
| Production |
|
| Assembly | Kaminokawa, Tochigi, Japan |
| Designer | Hiroshi Hasegawa (1998, 2000) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | |
| Layout | |
| Platform | Nissan FM platform |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission |
|
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,850 mm (112.2 in) |
| Length |
|
| Width |
|
| Height |
|
| Curb weight | |
The 11th-generation (V35) Nissan Skyline was introduced in June 2001. The V35 Skyline was the first Skyline to not be based on the platform of its former luxury twin, the Nissan Laurel (which was due to be discontinued in 2002), and was now based on Nissan's FM platform, shared with the Nissan 350Z. The Nissan Skyline used a front-midship engine (VQ35DE and others as below), rear-wheel-drive layout[85] (four-wheel drive was available for the sedan) to achieve a 52%/48% weight distribution. The V35 was the first Skyline made for export to the United States, where it was sold under the company's luxury brand, Infiniti as the Infiniti G35.
The all-new Skyline was introduced at reorganized Nissan Japanese dealerships called Nissan Red Stage in conjunction with the reintroduced Nissan Fairlady Z, sold exclusively at Nissan Blue Stage Japanese dealerships. The vehicle went on sale on 18 June 2001. Early models included the 250GT, 250GTe, and 300GT. Early Skyline Driving Helper model includes 250GT. The Skyline 250GT FOUR sedan includes ATTESA E-TS all wheel drive with 50:50 synchro mode, VQ25DD (NEO Di) engine, and a five-speed automatic transmission. It went on sale on 26 September 2001.[86] The Skyline 250GTm sedan went on sale on 13 January 2002, while the Skyline 350GT-8 sedan went on sale on 19 February 2002.[86]
Beginning in 2002, the Skyline sedan was also sold in North America and Europe, where it was marketed as the Infiniti G35.[86][87]
The V35 broke with previous Skyline tradition - the first generation to offer no straight-six engine, no turbocharger since the R30, and no GT-R version, a decision which extended to all later Skylines. The no turbocharger situation continued up until the V37 series, when the 2.0 L Mercedes-Benz M274 turbo I4 engine was introduced, and even more with the 2019 update of the V37 with the introduction of a 3.0 L VR30DDTT twin-turbo V6 engine replacing the previous M274 engine. The intention had been for the model to use a different name, a decision reversed by Renault/Nissan CEO Carlos Ghosn,[88] who choose to gear the V35 towards the luxury-sport market. Billing the 350Z as a pure sports car, Nissan put a slightly more powerful VQ35DE in the 350Z, and while the Skyline and the 350Z shared the same platform, the 350Z had additional bracing, under-body aero parts, and weighed 100 kg (220 lb) less.[1] Some fans refer to V35 as the "New Generation Skyline" due to drastic changes between the V35 series and its R34 predecessor. Nonetheless, as of 1 July 2001 (two weeks after launch), total domestic Japanese Skyline orders had reached 4200 units.[89][90]
Japanese tuners mostly ignored the V35 Skyline, the 2006 Tsukuba Super Lap Battle had not a single V35 entrant.[91] Tuners such as Mines, Amuse, Hosaka, Garage Defend, M Speed, Nagisa, MCR, HKS, & Top Secret continued developing R32-R34 GT-Rs as time attack cars. Top Secret did tune a V35 but replaced the VQ35DE with a Twin Turbo VK45DE V8.[92] Signal USA entered a V35 in Formula D, replacing the VQ35DE with an SR20DET.[93]
Models:
- 250GT (V35) – 2.5 L VQ25DD V6, 215 PS (212 hp; 158 kW), 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft)
- 250GT Four (NV35) – 2.5 L VQ25DD V6, 215 PS (212 hp; 158 kW), 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft) 4WD
- 300GT (HV35) – 3.0 L VQ30DD V6, 260 PS (256 hp; 191 kW), 324 N⋅m (239 lb⋅ft)
- 350GT-8 (PV35) – 3.5 L VQ35DE V6, 272 PS (268 hp; 200 kW), 353 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft)
- 350GT Coupe (CPV35) – 3.5 L VQ35DE V6, 280 PS (276 hp; 206 kW), 363 N⋅m (268 lb⋅ft)
-
2003–2004 Nissan Skyline Sedan 250GT (V35, Japan) -
2003–2005 Nissan Skyline Coupe 350GT (CV35, Japan) -
2003–2005 Nissan Skyline Coupe 350GT (CV35, Japan) -
Interior
XVL concept (1999)
[edit]The XVL concept is a concept car demonstrating the FR L-class platform. It includes a 3.0L V6 direct-injection gasoline engine and sedan body. The vehicle was unveiled at the 1999 Tokyo Auto Show.[94]
Changes
[edit]For 2003 the design of the radiator grille, headlamp inner panels, and sills were altered. The interior and mirrors were altered, while the suspension and braking systems were also refined. The Skyline Coupe was introduced as a version of Nissan Skyline Sport Coupe for Japanese market. Also, the Skyline 350GT went on sale. It is a version of the Skyline V35 sport sedan with a six-speed manual transmission for the Japanese market, only available with the 3.5-liter engine. The Skyline 350GT and Skyline 350GT Premium sedan went on sale on 3 June 2003.[95]
For 2004 both coupe and sedans were altered, with updated interiors and improved transmissions. The five-speed automatic transmission on the 350GT Premium now included synchro rev control, while the 6-speed manual transmission was made to vibrate less. For the sedan, the front grill/bumper, foot panel, head lamp, rear bumper, and rear combination lamps were changed. The front seats received active headrest, while the rear middle seat now have a three-point seat belt as standard. There were also some new wheels and a 19-inch option for the coupé. The Skyline's 2005 update again included changes to the head and rear lamps, front bumper, and side sill protectors. Also, 19-inch aluminum alloy wheel became standard for automatic transmission cars. A "plasma cluster ion" full air conditioner with left/right independent temperature settings, heated door mirrors, headlamp auto levelizer (compliant with new legislation) was made standard equipment.
Body styles
[edit]| Chassis code | V35 | CV35 |
|---|---|---|
| Body style | sedan | coupe |
| 250GT | 2001–06 | n/a |
| 250GT FOUR | 2001–06 | n/a |
| 250GTe | 2001 | n/a |
| 250GTm | 2002–04 | n/a |
| 250GTm FOUR | 2003–06 | n/a |
| 300GT | 2001–04 | n/a |
| 350GT | 2003–04 | 2003–07 |
| 350GT-8 | 2002–06 | n/a |
| 350GT Premium | 2003–06 | 2003–07 |
Twelfth generation (V36; 2006)
[edit]| Twelfth generation | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Model code | V36 |
| Also called |
|
| Production | 2006–2014 |
| Assembly | Kaminokawa, Tochigi, Japan |
| Designer | Hideo Komuro (2004); Shinichiro Irie (2005, 2007) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style |
|
| Layout | |
| Platform | Nissan FM platform |
| Related | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Transmission |
|
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,850 mm (112.2 in) |
| Length |
|
| Width |
|
| Height |
|
Initial release
[edit]The Skyline Sedan went on sale on 11 November 2006, with an update to the Skyline Coupe beginning in fall 2007. Early models included the 250GT, 250GT FOUR, and 350GT.[96][97] The model ditched the round headlights of the V35 for sharper looking units.
It was first available only as a 4-door sedan in Japan and was also sold in the US as the 2007 Infiniti G35.
On 13 May 2008, Nissan announced that a convertible variant of the Infiniti G37 (US Spec Skyline coupe) would be produced for the 2009 model year. The convertible is not available in Japan.
-
2010 Nissan Skyline Sedan 250GT (V36, Japan) -
Interior
Skyline 370GT Coupe (DBA-CKV36, 2007–2014)
[edit]Introduced in 2007 for the 2008 model year, it is sold outside of Japan as the Infiniti G37.
18-inch wheels are used on the base and 370GT Type P cars, while Type S and Type SP cars include 19-inch wheels.
The Skyline Coupe went on sale on 2 October 2007. Early models include 370GT, 370GT Type P, 370GT Type S and 370GT Type SP.
The 3.7 L VQ37VHR V6 motor has a power output of 330 hp (246 kW; 335 PS) (at the motor).[98][99][100]
-
2007 Nissan Skyline Coupe 370GT (CV36, Japan) -
2012 Nissan Skyline Coupe 370GT Type S (CV36, Japan)
250GT sedan (DBA-V36, DBA-NV36)
[edit]The 250GT sedan is sold as the Infiniti G25 sedan outside of Japan.
Four-wheel drive is standard on 250GT FOUR models (NV36, where N stands for AWD).
The 250GT Type S was introduced for the 2008 model year.
17-inch wheels are standard for all model ranges, except for the 250GT Type S, which has 18-inch wheels.
350GT sedan
[edit]The 350GT sedan is sold as the Infiniti G35 sedan outside of Japan.
Four-wheel active steering is available in Type S and Type SP as option.
50th Limited (2007–08)
[edit]The 50th Limited is an option for Skyline Sedan models 250GT Type P, 350GT Type P, 350GT Type SP, and 250GT FOUR Type P, commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Nissan Skyline.[101] The interior is marked with anniversary red leather seats and serial-numbered front glass.
The vehicle was unveiled in the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show.[102]
The 50th Limited models, along with 250GT Type S, went on sale from 27 November 2007 until 31 March 2008.[103][104]
Skyline Coupe Aero-Sports Concept, Skyline Aero Package Concept (2008)
[edit]The Skyline Aero Package Concept is a version of the Skyline Sedan 350GT Type SP with dynamic front and rear spoilers, re-designed sporty front grill and chromed alloy wheels.
The Skyline Coupe Aero-Sports Concept is a version of the Skyline Coupe 370GT Type SP with new exterior and interior looks with new aero parts and seat materials.
The vehicles were unveiled at the 2008 Tokyo Auto Salon,[105][106] followed by the 2008 Nissan Customize Car Show.[107]
Body styles
[edit]| Chassis code | V36 | CKV36 |
|---|---|---|
| Body style | sedan | coupe |
| 250GT | 2006– | n/a |
| 250GT FOUR | 2006– | n/a |
| 350GT | 2006–08 | n/a |
| 370GT | 2007– | 2007– |
Models
[edit]| Model | Years | Engine Type/code | Power, torque@rpm | Drive |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 250GT sedan (DBA-V36) | 2006– | 2,495 cc (2.495 L; 152.3 cu in) V6 (VQ25HR) | 225 PS (165 kW; 222 hp)@6800, 263 N⋅m (194 lb⋅ft)@4800 | RWD |
| 250GT FOUR sedan (DBA-NV36) | 2006– | 2,495 cc (2.495 L; 152.3 cu in) V6 (VQ25HR) | 225 PS (165 kW; 222 hp)@6800, 263 N⋅m (194 lb⋅ft)@4800 | AWD |
| 350GT sedan | 2006–2008 | 3,498 cc (3.498 L; 213.5 cu in) V6 (VQ35HR) | 315 PS (232 kW; 311 hp)@6800, 358 N⋅m (264 lb⋅ft)@4800 | RWD |
| 370GT coupe (DBA-CKV36) | 2007– | 3,696 cc (3.696 L; 225.5 cu in) V6 (VQ37VHR) | 333 PS (245 kW; 328 hp)@7000, 363 N⋅m (268 lb⋅ft)@5200 | RWD |
Transmissions
[edit]| Model | Years | Standard | Optional |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250GT sedan | 2006– | 5-speed automatic | — |
| 250GT FOUR sedan | 2006– | 5-speed automatic | — |
| 350GT sedan | 2006–08 | 5-speed automatic | — |
| 370GT coupe | 2007–08 | 5-speed automatic | 6-speed manual (Type S, Type SP) |
Production
[edit]As of 28 November 2006, sales of the Nissan Skyline sedan reached 4144 units.[108]
As of 18 December 2006, sales of the Nissan Skyline sedan reached 6612 units.[109]
As of 16 October 2007, sales of the Nissan Skyline coupe reached 1562 units.[110]
Marketing
[edit]As part of the Nissan Skyline's 50th anniversary, information on Nissan Skyline could be found in the PlayStation 3 version of the Gran Turismo video game.[111]
As part of the Nissan Skyline's launch event, a Touch&Feel - New SKYLINE event began in Nissan Gallery.[112]
As part of the Nissan Skyline's 50th anniversary, a Grand Touring Japan event took place starting on 10 March 2007.[113] Following the event, the Grand Touring ~ Legend&Future event was staged at Tokyo Midtown, showcasing 12 generations of the Nissan Skyline.[114][115][116][117] The event continued in Nissan Gallery at Ginza with a chance of winning a Skyline postcard.[118]
As part of the Nissan Skyline's 50th anniversary, Warner Music Japan published Skyline 50th Anniversary CD, featuring music from Nissan Skyline commercials.[119][120] Skyline model cars had also been produced.[121]
As part of the Nissan Skyline Coupe launch, a series of 15 accessories under the SKYLINE collection label, including wallet, card case, key ring (leather, engine cover, and 370GT), intelligent key case, Zippo lighter, Skyline Coupe T-shirt (grey), SKYLINE COUPE pins (in vibrant red, brilliant silver, strafia blue, white pearl, super black, fountain blue, and lunar mare silver) went on sale at Nissan online shop beginning October 2007.[122]
2007 update
[edit]Sedan changes include:
- Scratch shield body paint for all body color
- New body color crystal white pearl (3-coat pearl) is added for a total of six color choices
- Uses Skyline Coupe mirror
- Aluminum finisher color change
- Rear middle seat includes adjustable headrest, door lower soft touch material
- V6 engine model uses VQ35HR engine, 5-speed automatic transmission
- Intelligent air conditioner as standard equipment (except 250GT, 250GT FOUR)
- Active ABS as standard equipment
- curtain airbag, side airbag at front seats as standard equipment
2008 update
[edit]Coupe changes include:
- Scratch shield body paint for all body color
- New body color crystal white pearl (3-coat pearl) is added for a total of seven color choices
- Walk-in level color change
- Door grip finisher handle change
- Intelligent air conditioner, privacy glass as standard equipment
The vehicles went on sale on 2 December 2008. Early Sedan models include the 250GT, 250GT FOUR, and 370GT. Early Coupe models include the 370GT.[123]
370GT sedan (DBA-KV36)
[edit]Introduced in 2008 for the 2009 model year, the 370GT sedan is a Japanese version of the Infiniti G37 sedan. It replaced the 350GT sedan. 7-speed automatic transmission 18-inch wheels are standard for all model ranges, except for the 370GT Type P, which has 17-inch wheels.
Skyline Crossover (DBA-J50, DBA-NJ50)
[edit]
Introduced in 2009, the Skyline Crossover is based on the Infiniti EX37, for Japan market. The vehicle was unveiled at Nissan Galleries nationwide beginning on 18 April 2009,[124][125][126] and later with all seven body color variants at Nissan Galleries.[127]
Sales of the Skyline Crossover began on 13 July 2009. Early models include the 370GT (Type P) and 370GT FOUR (Type P).[128][129][130]
Four-wheel drive is standard on 370GT FOUR models. 18-inch wheels are standard for all model ranges.
Body styles
[edit]| Chassis code | V36 | CKV36 | J50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Стиль тела | затем | купе | кроссовер |
| 250gt | 2008– | n/a | n/a |
| 250GT четыре | 2008– | n/a | n/a |
| 370gt | 2008– | 2008– | 2009– |
| 370GT четыре | n/a | n/a | 2009– |
Модели
[ редактировать ]| Модель | Годы | Тип двигателя/код | Питание, крутящий момент@rpm | Водить машину |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Седан 250GT (DBA-V36) | 2008– | куб . 2495 | 225 пс (165 кВт; 222 л.с.)@6800, 263 Н.м (194 фунт -фута)@4800 | RWD |
| 250GT четыре седана (DBA-NV36) | 2008– | 2495 куб. | 225 пс (165 кВт; 222 л.с.)@6800, 263 Н.м (194 фунт -фута)@4800 | Авария |
| 370GT Coupe (DBA-CKV36) | 2008– | куб . 3696 | 333 PS (245 кВт; 328 л.с.)@7000, 363 Нм (268 фунт -футов)@5200 | RWD |
| Седан 370GT (DBA-KV36) | 2008– | 3696 куб. | 330 фунтов на пс (243 кВт; 325 л.с.)@7000, 361 Нм (266 фунт -футов)@5200 | RWD |
| 370GT Crossover (DBA-J50) | 2009– | 3696 куб. | 330 фунтов на пс (243 кВт; 325 л.с.)@7000, 361 Нм (266 фунт -футов)@5200 | RWD |
| 370GT четыре кроссовера (DBA-NJ50) | 2009– | 3696 куб. | 330 фунтов на пс (243 кВт; 325 л.с.)@7000, 361 Нм (266 фунт -футов)@5200 | Авария |
Передачи
[ редактировать ]| Модель | Годы | Стандартный | Необязательный |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250gt назад | 2008– | 5-ступенчатая автоматическая (2006–2010) | — |
| 250gt четыре седана | 2008– | 5-ступенчатая автоматическая | — |
| 370GT Cut | 2008– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая | 6-ступенчатое руководство (тип S, тип SP) |
| 370gt назад | 2008– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая | — |
| 370GT Crossover | 2009– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая | — |
| 370GT четыре кроссовера | 2009– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая | — |
2010 ОБНОВЛЕНИЕ
[ редактировать ]Skyline Sedan, Cup (2010–)
[ редактировать ]Изменения включают в себя:
- 7-ступенчатая опция автоматической коробки передач для седана с горизонтом с двусторонним приводом с 2,5-литровым двигателем V6
- Skyline Sedan 250GT Type P, 250GT Type V, 250GT Four Type P, 250GT Four Type V, 250GT Four и 250GT Модели пакетов получают улучшения внешнего вида, предназначенные для создания более четкого, более мужского вида. Впереди новая решетка, бампер и фары. Огни противоположных огней перемещаются вниз к бамперу (ранее, противотуманные фары были интегрированы в фары), предлагая более агрессивное ощущение. Задний бампер также был переработан, и есть также новая 17-дюймовая конструкция колеса алюминиевого сплава.
- Skyline Sedan Sport Versions (370GT Type SP, 370GT Type SP, 250GT Type S) Получают особый более широкий, низкоцентрированный дизайн тела для более динамичной спортивной привлекательности. Изменения включают новую уникальную решетку, передний бампер, фары, задний бампер и использование черной отделки для внутренних панелей фары.
- Выбор цвета кузова Skyline расширен до 6, включая новый темный металлический серый (металлический) и яркий красный (твердый).
- Центральная консольная отделка была переработана для выражения большего объема (только в моделях), при этом центральный подлокотник был изменен для лучшей интеграции с консоли.
- Новые мягкие материалы используются для консоли и крышки для подстановки, и есть новые узоры и оттенки для подлинной алюминиевой и подлинной деревянной отделки.
- Седан Skyline добавляет модифицированные бежевые и черные цветовые обработки.
- Улучшения на панели прибора включают белое освещение для дисплея информации о транспортном средстве и индикатора прибора, а также стандартизированные надписи для спидометра и тахометра.
- Интеллектуальная система круиз -контроля теперь работает от 0 до 100 км/ч (недоступна с седаном 250GT, пакет;
- Как седан, так и купе поставляются с системой навигационной системы HDD Carwings, которая теперь предлагает расширенные развлекательные функции, включая встроенный цифровой наземный вещательный тюнер и USB-соединения для iPod и других устройств воспроизведения музыки (предлагается на всех моделях, кроме седана 250GT A Packec Coupe 370GT пакет).
- Обновленная интеллектуальная система кондиционирования воздуха также является стандартной для всех моделей, за исключением седана 250GT и 250GT A Package и Coupe 370GT A.
Пересмотренный седан и купе Skyline поступит в продажу 6 января 2010 года. [ 131 ]
Skyline Coupe, Crossover (2010–)
[ редактировать ]Изменения купе включают:
- Изменение дизайна колеса
- Новый цвет тела сияющий синий (жемчужный металлик) в общей сложности семь цветов
Изменения кроссовера включают:
- Новые цвета корпуса Керамический синий (металлический), темно-металлический серый (металлический), красный Франбуаз (жемчужина с 2 котлами) для шести цветов
Пересмотренный седан и кроссовер поступил в продажу 15 ноября 2010 года. [ 132 ]
Skyline 55th Limited Edition (2011–2013)
[ редактировать ]
Седаная версия 55th Limited представляет собой ограниченное (555 единиц) издания Skyline Sedan, отмечающего 55 -летие Nissan Skyline. [ 133 ] [ 134 ] Изменения включают в себя юбилейные издания красные кожаные сиденья с нагревателем переднего сиденья, вышивание 55 -летия на передние сиденья, черный интерьер и черный гранат (жемчужный).
Версия седана, охватывающая 250GT Type P, 250GT Four Type P и 370GT Type SP, поступила в продажу с 19 декабря 2011 года по 30 апреля 2013 года за 3 990 000 иен, 4 221 000 иен и 4 515 000 иен соответственно. [ 135 ]
Версия Coupe представляет собой ограниченное (55 единиц) издания Skyline 370GT Coupe, в котором отмечается 55 -летие Nissan Skyline. Изменения такие же, как 55 -й ограниченный выпуск Skyline Sedan. Охватывая 370GT Type P и 370GT Type SP, версия Coupe поступила в продажу с 10 февраля 2012 года по 30 апреля 2013 года. [ 136 ]
Индивидуальная версия седана Skyline (с светодиодами с высокой интенсивностью и предметами S-Tune, широкие, низкоцентровые дополнительные детали) была обнародована в Токио-салоне 2012 года . [ 137 ] [ 138 ]
Skyline Crossover (2012–)
[ редактировать ]Изменения включают в себя: интеллектуальный круиз-контроль, профилактика вылета по переулке, предупреждение о выходе из полосы движения, предупреждение о столкновении переднего столкновения, ремонт сиденья аварийного тормоза на переднем сиденье, интеллектуальная помощь тормоза, выключатели рулевого колеса (аудиовигация, голосовая команда, телефон без рук, интеллектуальные Круиз -контроль, профилактика вылета по переулке) становятся стандартным оборудованием.
Пересмотренный кроссовер Skyline, охватывающий 370GT (тип P) и 370GT четыре (тип P), поступил в продажу 25 октября 2012 года. [ 139 ]
Кузовные стили
[ редактировать ]| Код шасси | V36 | CV36 | J50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Стиль тела | затем | купе | кроссовер |
| 250gt | 2010–2014(2013?) | n/a | n/a |
| 250GT четыре | 2010–2014(2013?) | n/a | n/a |
| 370gt | 2010–2014(2013?) | 2010–2016 | 2010–2014? |
| 370GT четыре | n/a | n/a | 2010–2014? |
Модели
[ редактировать ]| Модель | Годы | Тип двигателя/код | Питание, крутящий момент@rpm | Водить машину |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Седан 250GT (DBA-V36) | 2010– | куб . 2495 | 225 PS (165 кВт; 222 л.с.)@6400, 263 Нм (194 фунт -фута)@4800 | RWD |
| 250GT четыре седана (DBA-NV36) | 2010– | 2495 куб. | 225 PS (165 кВт; 222 л.с.)@6400, 263 Нм (194 фунт -фута)@4800 | Авария |
| 370GT Coupe (DBA-CKV36) | 2010– | куб . 3696 | 333 PS (245 кВт; 328 л.с.)@7000, 363 Нм (268 фунт -футов)@5200 | RWD |
| Седан 370GT (DBA-KV36) | 2010– | 3696 куб. | 330 фунтов на пс (243 кВт; 325 л.с.)@7000, 361 Нм (266 фунт -футов)@5200 | RWD |
| 370GT Crossover (DBA-J50) | 2010– | 3696 куб. | 330 фунтов на пс (243 кВт; 325 л.с.)@7000, 361 Нм (266 фунт -футов)@5200 | RWD |
| 370GT четыре кроссовера (DBA-NJ50) | 2010– | 3696 куб. | 330 фунтов на пс (243 кВт; 325 л.с.)@7000, 361 Нм (266 фунт -футов)@5200 | Авария |
Передачи
[ редактировать ]| Модель | Годы | Стандартный | Необязательный |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250gt назад | 2010– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая | — |
| 250gt четыре седана | 2010– | 5-ступенчатая автоматическая | — |
| 370GT Cut | 2010– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая | 6-ступенчатое руководство (тип S, тип SP) |
| 370gt назад | 2010– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая | — |
| 370GT Crossover | 2010– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая | — |
| 370GT четыре кроссовера | 2010– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая | — |
Маркетинг
[ редактировать ]Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. и Minami Kanto Regional Office, Japan Post Network Co., Ltd. объявили о продажах оригинальных каркасных марок под названием «История автомобилей" Nissan (Skyline) "(5000 единиц) и историю автомобилей" Nissan (Electric Транспортные средства) »(1000 единиц). Конструкции этих оригинальных марков каркаса основаны на последовательных ровнях Nissan и электромобилях. Марки рамы поступили в продажу с 1 февраля по 31 августа 2010 года. [ 140 ] [ 141 ]
King Records опубликовала коллекцию Nissan Skyline CM с компиляцией рекламных роликов Nissan Skyline. [ 142 ] В рамках 55 -й годовщины Nissan Skyline, ничья из 500 Eizin Suzuki 2013 в декабре 2012 года. горизонта встречает календари [ 143 ]
Обновление 2014 года
[ редактировать ]Skyline Crossover (2014–2016)
[ редактировать ]Изменения включают в себя стандартный электрический стеклянный люк и рельс на крыше в качестве стандартного оборудования, исключенный выбор цвета тела Franboise Red (2-Coat Pearl) в общей сложности 4 цвета.
Японские модели поступили в продажу в 2014-07-22. Ранние модели включали 370GT, 370GT Type P, 370GT Four Type P, 370GT четыре. [ 144 ]
Кузовные стили
[ редактировать ]| Код шасси | CV36 | J50 |
|---|---|---|
| Стиль тела | купе | кроссовер |
| 370gt | НА | 2014–2016 |
| 370GT четыре | НА | 2014–2016 |
Модели
[ редактировать ]| Модель | Годы | Тип двигателя/код | Питание, крутящий момент@rpm | Водить машину |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 370GT Crossover (DBA-J50) | 2014–2016 | куб . 3696 | 330 фунтов на пс (243 кВт; 325 л.с.)@7000, 361 Нм (266 фунт -футов)@5200 | RWD |
| 370GT четыре кроссовера (DBA-NJ50) | 2014–2016 | 3696 куб. | 330 фунтов на пс (243 кВт; 325 л.с.)@7000, 361 Нм (266 фунт -футов)@5200 | Авария |
Передачи
[ редактировать ]| Модель | Годы | Стандартный | Необязательный |
|---|---|---|---|
| 370GT Crossover | 2014–2016 | 7-ступенчатые автоматические с ручным режимом | — |
| 370GT четыре кроссовера | 2014–2016 | 7-ступенчатые автоматические с ручным режимом | — |
Тринадцатое поколение (V37; 2014)
[ редактировать ]| Тринадцатое поколение (V37) | |
|---|---|
 2014–2017 Гибрид Nissan Skyline 350GT (V37, Япония) | |
| Обзор | |
| Модельный код | V37 |
| Также называется | Infiniti Q50 (2014–2024) |
| Производство | 2014 - Present |
| Сборка | Каминокава , Точиги , Япония . |
| Дизайнер | Джоэл Бэк, Хирохиса Оно и Коичи Ишизука (предварительная атмосфера) [ 145 ] |
| Тело и шасси | |
| Стиль тела | 4-й седан |
| Макет |
|
| Платформа | Nissan FM Platform |
| Связанный | Nissan Fairlady Z. |
| Трансмиссия | |
| Двигатель | |
| Электродвигатель | HM34 (только модели 3,5 л) |
| Передача инфекции | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая |
| Гибридная трансмиссия | Интеллектуальное управление двойным сцеплением |
| Батарея | 1,4 кВт -ч |
| Размеры | |
| Колесная база | 2850 мм (112,2 дюйма) |
| Длина |
|
| Ширина | 1820 мм (71,7 дюйма) |
| Высота |
|
| Сгибать вес |
|
Skyline с тех пор (2014)
[ редактировать ]
Дизайн был идентичен седану Infiniti Q50 , помимо значений и незначительных различий в отделке. Одним из основных изменений стало дебют гибридной трансмиссии с электрическим газолином в диапазоне и возрождение четырехцилиндровых двигателей и моделей с турбонаддувом.
В значительном отходе от предыдущих поколений Skyline V37 доступен только в виде четырехдверного седана. Тем не менее, американский рынок получил купе на основе Skyline V37 как Infiniti Q60 .
Японские модели должны были поступить в продажу в феврале 2014 года. Ранние модели включают 350GT Hybrid, 350GT Hybrid Type P, 350GT Hybrid Type SP, 350GT Four Hybrid, 350GT Four Hybrid Type P, 350GT Four Hybrid SP. [ 146 ] [ 147 ] 200GT-T, 200GT-T Type P, 200GT-T Type SP поступил в продажу 5 июня 2014 года через дилеры Nissan. [ 148 ] [ 149 ]
Skyline Cool Exclusive (2015–2016)
[ редактировать ]На основе моделей Skyline Sedan SEDAN 200GT-T TYPE P, 200GT-T тип SP, 350GT Гибридный тип P, гибридный тип 350GT SP, 350GT Four Hybrid Type P и 350GT Four Hybrid SP, он включал в себя каменный белый внутренний интерьер (каменный белый Кожаные сиденья, прохладная эксклюзивная отделка дверей с высокой контрастной, прохладную эксклюзивную крышку консоли в каменном белом), алюминиевый финишер, черная решетка Midnight Black и Bose аудиосистема .
Японские модели поступили в продажу 21 декабря 2015 года. [ 150 ]
Skyline 60th Limited (2016–2017)
[ редактировать ]Skyline 60th Limited - это версия Skyline Sedan, посвященная 60 -летию Skyline Nissan. Доступно для моделей 200GT-T Type SP, 350GT Hybrid Type SP, 350GT Four Hybrid Type SP, она включала в себя полуэнилиновую кожаную обивку во всех сиденьях, дополнительная звуковая система серии Bose Series (новые твитеры на задних дверях, 16 динамиков, новый фронт. Дверной твитер) и вариант цвета тела Aurora Flare Blue Pearl (2-кусок). [ 151 ]
Японские модели поступили в продажу 7 ноября 2016 года. [ 152 ]
Обновление 2017 года
[ редактировать ]Изменения включают в себя модернизированный бампер для типа SP, тип P, 350 GT Hybrid Models, 9 цветов кузова (включая Imperial Amber), новый стандартный блестящий 19-дюймовый алюминиевый колес Модели, уменьшенный размер роговой прокладки, стежки, добавленные на приборную панель, кольцевое освещение аналогового метра изменяется на опцию серого и новую систему окружающей среды.
Японские модели поступили в продажу 20 декабря 2017 года. [ 153 ]
Обновление 2019 года
[ редактировать ]Изменения включают в себя модернизированную переднюю фасцию, которая больше похожа на R35 GT-R , похожие на более старые модели Skyline, добавление 3,0 л VR30DDTT Twin Turbo V6. , повторное использование эмблем логотипа Nissan , закругленные Taillamps и введение системы безопасности Propilot 2.0. Это обновление также вновь вновь введено в прозвище «400R», что эквивалентно американскому рынку Q50 Red Sport 400. 400R -класс имеет выходную мощность 405 пс (298 кВт; 399 л.с.) от своего VR30DDTT . двигателя [ 154 ] [ 155 ] [ 156 ]
Японские модели поступили в продажу 16 июля 2019 года. [ 157 ]
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Nissan Skyline GT (RV37, Япония) -
2019 Nissan Skyline Hybrid GT Type SP (HV37, Япония) -
2019 Nissan Skyline 400R (RV37, Япония) -
Интерьер
Skyline Nismo (2023)
[ редактировать ]-
Nissan Skyline Nismo (RV37, Япония) -
Nissan Skyline Nismo (RV37, Япония)
Skyline Nismo и Skyline Nismo Limited были обнародованы 8 августа 2023 года. Версия Nismo ограничена 1000 единиц, а Nismo Limited ограничена 100 единицами. [ 158 ] Эти две версии поступят в продажу в начале сентября на рынке Японии. Он использует тот же двигатель, что и 400R, но настроенный инженерами, участвующими в разработке двигателя GT500 Racing Class. [ 159 ]
Кузовные стили
[ редактировать ]| Код шасси | HV37/ZV37/RV37 |
|---|---|
| Стиль тела | Затем |
| 200gt-t | 2014–2019 |
| 350GT Гибрид | 2014– |
| 350GT четыре гибрид | 2014– |
| Гт | 2019– |
| 400R | 2019– |
| Мы не | 2023– |
Двигатели
[ редактировать ]| Модель | Годы | Тип двигателя/код | Питание, крутящий момент@rpm |
|---|---|---|---|
| 200GT-T DBA-ZV37 | 2014–2019 | 1991 . куб | 211 PS (155 кВт; 208 л.с.)@5500, 350 Нм (258 фунтов на фунт)@1250–3500 |
| 200GT-T DBA-YV37 | 2016–2019 | 1991 . куб | |
| GT 5BA-RV37 | 2019– | куб 2997 . | 304 пса (224 кВт; 300 л.с.)@6400, 400 Нм (295 фунт -футов)@1600–5200 |
| 400R 5BA-RV37 | 405 пс (298 кВт; 399 л.с.)@6400, 475 Нм (350 фунтов на футов)@1600–5200 | ||
| Мы не 5BA-RV37 | 2023– | 420 пс (309 кВт; 414 л.с.)@6400, 550 Нм (406 фунт -футов)@1600–5200 | |
| 350GT Гибрид DAA-HV37 | 2014– | куб . 3498 | 306 фунтов на пс (225 кВт; 302 л.с.)@6800, 350 Нм (258 фунтов |
| электродвигатель (Nissan HM34) | 68 фунтов на пс (50 кВт; 67 л.с.)@1650-2000, 290 Нм (214 фунт-футов)@1650 | ||
| комбинированный | 364 пс (268 кВт; 359 л.с.)@?, 546 Нм (403 фунт -фута)@? | ||
| 350GT четыре гибридных DAA-HNV37 | куб . 3498 | 306 фунтов на пс (225 кВт; 302 л.с.)@6800, 350 Нм (258 фунтов | |
| электродвигатель (Nissan HM34) | 68 фунтов на пс (50 кВт; 67 л.с.)@1650–2000, 290 Нм (214 фунт -футов)@1650 | ||
| комбинированный | 364 пс (268 кВт; 359 л.с.)@?, 546 Нм (403 фунт -фута)@? |
350GT Четыре гибридных моделя включают в себя Attesa-ETS систему с полным приводом .
Передачи
[ редактировать ]| Модель | Годы | Типы |
|---|---|---|
| 200gt-t | 2014–2019 | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая с ручным режимом (7G-Tronic Plus) |
| 200gt-t | 2016–2019 | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая с ручным режимом (7M-ATX) |
| 350GT Гибрид | 2014– | 7-ступенчатые автоматические с ручным режимом |
| 350GT четыре гибрид | 2014– | 7-ступенчатые автоматические с ручным режимом |
| Гт | 2019– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая с ручным режимом (7M-ATX) |
| 400R | 2019– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая с ручным режимом (7M-ATX) |
| Мы не | 2023– | 7-ступенчатая автоматическая с ручным режимом (7M-ATX) |
Оборудование
[ редактировать ]Начиная с 18 апреля 2016 года, 350GT Hybrid, 350GT Four Hybrid Models 200GT-T включают в себя систему поддержки все направления в аварийный тормоз. [ 161 ]
Производство
[ редактировать ]Седан Skyline был построен на заводе Tochigi (Kaminokawa-Machi, Kawachi-Gun, префектура Tochigi).
Двигатель с турбонаддувом и автоматическая коробка передач, используемая седаном Skyline 200GT-T, были построены Daimler. [ 162 ] [ 163 ]
11 673 седана Skyline были отозваны из -за неисправной программы прямого адаптивного рулевого управления, что приводит к тому, что рулевое колесо не возвращается в нейтральное положение, которое может быть вызвано направлением припаркованного транспортного средства при запуске двигателя. [ 164 ]
Маркетинг
[ редактировать ]Седан горизонта был нацелен на мужчин старше 40 лет. [ 165 ] Кроме того, брендинг Nissan не использовался в этом поколении горизонта до подтяжки лица; Следовательно, это не упоминается как Nissan или Infiniti, а просто «горизонт».
6 августа 2015 года Japan Post выпустила персональный набор штампов, основанный на Nissan Skyline 2000GT-R (Type KPGC10), включая 10 марок и модельный автомобиль для представленного автомобиля. [ 166 ]
1 марта 2016 года Japan Post выпустила персональный набор штампов, основанный на Nissan Skyline 2000GT-R (Type KPGC110), включая 10 марков и модельный автомобиль для избранного автомобиля. [ 167 ]
16 июня 2017 года Japan Post выпустила оригинальную коллекцию товаров Skyline 60 -й годовщины для каталога и Skyline 60 -летие оригинальных товаров для чистого магазина. Коллекция каталогов включает в себя набор значков для булавок, плакаты Skyline 60-й годовщины и Nissan Skyline 2000GT (GC10), набор из 6 стаканов Tumbler в корпусе двигателя RB26 двигателя, горизонт с горизочным столом с 8 тарелками, ящиками для карты Duralumin в Skyline 60th Anniversary и Skyline Hardtop. 2000 Turbo RS Stylings, Artket Cloth/подушка в Skyline 60-й годовщине и Skyline 2000GT-R (KPGC110). В чистого золотого годовщина в чистого золотого годовщина. [ 168 ]
Ссылки
[ редактировать ]- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Akihiko Nakaya et al. (2003). Лучший автомобильный международный, 350Z Shock (DVD). Зигзаг Азия.
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый и фон «Принц Skyline и другие небольшие автомобили от Prince Motor Co» . ranneddatsun.com . Архивировано с оригинала 13 сентября 2013 года.
- ^ "Принц Skyline" (на японском языке). Ниссан. Архивировано из оригинала 9 октября 2006 года . Получено 22 сентября 2006 года .
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- ^ PMC Брошюра, www.banpei.net Получено 1 сентября 2023 г.
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- ^ 1963 Серия Prince Skyline S50-1, RannedDatsun.com Архивировал 2016-06-27 на машине Wayback, полученной 6 ноября 2016 г.
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Автомобильный архив Vol. 1 , с. 19
- ^ "2 - Skyline S50/ S54/ S57" . ZONEDATSUN.FR (по -французски).
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- ^ J's Tipo Magazine (август 1999 г.), Удачи !! [Придерживайтесь Nissan!], Неко Мук (на японском языке), нет. 64, Токио, Япония: Neko Publishing, p. 69, ISBN 978-4-87366-564-1
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный "Skyline GT выпустил !!" [Skyline GT запустил ] .
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- ^ Jump up to: а беременный «Начало легенды горизонта» . USA.Nissannews.com . 23 ноября 2017 года . Получено 15 декабря 2020 года .
- ^ «S54A-1 Skyline GT (1964/05 . » )
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный «S54B-2 2000GT (1965/02 ～ 1965/09)» . skylinecatalog.blog.fc2.com (на японском языке).
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в «S54A-2 2000GT-A (1965/09 ～ 1966/10)» . skylinecatalog.blog.fc2.com (на японском языке).
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- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый и фон глин час я «Спецификации Nissan Skyline GT-R (C10): версии и типы» . Automobile-catalog.com .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный «Nissan Skyline 2000 GT-R KPGC10» . JB Car Pages. Архивировано из оригинала 21 декабря 2008 года . Получено 26 октября 2008 года .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный "Skyline Datsun - C110 et c 210 (240K)" . ZONEDATSUN.FR (по -французски).
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый и фон глин час я Дж k л м «Nissan Skyline 04-го поколения (C110-Series) Спецификации: версии и типы» . Automobile-catalog.com .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в «1973 Nissan Skyline 2000 GT-R (KPGC110) (Man. 5) (модель с января 1973 года для Японии). Технические характеристики и обзор данных о производительности» . Automobile-catalog.com .
- ^ «Datsun (Австралия) 240K (C110-серия) Спецификации: версии и типы» . Automobile-catalog.com .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный «Datsun 240K (C110-Series) (экспорт) Спецификации: версии и типы» . Automobile-catalog.com .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный «История Nissan Skyline: 3 -е - 5 -е поколение» . Архивировано из оригинала 27 октября 2008 года.
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Групп для автомобилей Японский путеводитель по автомобильным автомобилям 1980/1981 (на японском языке), Vol ] [
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Брауншвейг, Роберт; Бюски, Ханс-Ульрих, ред. (6 марта 1980 г.). "Автомобильный ревю '80». Automobil Revue (на немецком и французском). 75 Берн, Швейцария: Холлваг, AG: 260.
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Фрейнд, Клаус, изд. Автооталог 1981 (на немецком языке). . Vol п. 116
- ^ Yamaguchi, Jack K. (1980), Lösch, Annamaria (ed.), «Закончительность бурного десятилетия», World Cars 1980 , Pelham, NY: Автомобильный клуб Италии/Геральд книги: 67, ISBN 0-910714-12-6
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный 80 , с
- ^ Автооталог 1981 , стр. 228-229
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- ^ Говер, Павел (20 ноября 1981 г.). «Новые модели Nissan, Альфа Ромео» . Канберра времена . п. 6 Получено 21 августа 2016 года .
- ^ Дэвис, Педр (26 января 1982 г.). «Новая изысканность для хорошо оборудованного горизонта» . Канберра времена . п. 12 Получено 21 августа 2016 года .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Госпол, Павел (17 августа 1982 г.). «Хэтчбек только важное изменение в новом горизонте» . Канберра времена . п. 8 Получено 21 августа 2016 года .
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- ^ Jump up to: а беременный "Томмикайра M30 R31 брошюра" . Tumblr .
- ^ "R31 GTS-R VIN TABLE" . Gtr-registry.com . Получено 14 января 2017 года .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный «Производство Nissan Skyline R32 к месяцу и году» . gtr-registry.com .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный "Nissan Skyline R32 Portal" . gtr-registry.com .
- ^ «Nissan Skyline R32 Version» . gtr-register.com .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный «Tommykaira M20 и M30 на основе R32 Nissan Skyline» . Tumblr .
- ^ «Томмикайра R (R32) брошюра» . gtr-registry.com .
- ^ "Hks en2-a" . Tumblr . Архивировано из оригинала 15 июня 2021 года . Получено 8 марта 2021 года .
- ^ «HKS Zero-R Брошюра» . Tumblr .
- ^ "HKS Zero-R" . Списовые охотники . 2 марта 2010 г.
- ^ "Действительно ли запас R32 GTR только 276 лошадиных сил?" Полем RB Motoring - JDM Importer .
- ^ Батлер, Энди (2006). Skyline GT-R Окончательный японский суперкар . Хейнс. п. 25. ISBN 1-84425-105-5 .
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- ^ Motoharu Kurosawa (Gan-San) et al. (2005). Лучший автомобильный международный, Nismo Beast развязан (DVD). Зигзаг Азия.
- ^ Кейичи Цучия и соавт. (2005). Лучший автомобильный международный, RB японская мускулы (DVD). Зигзаг Азия.
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- ^ «R32 Nissan Skyline GTR Review» . JB Car Pages. Архивировано из оригинала 11 декабря 2008 года . Получено 26 октября 2008 года .
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- ^ Бахфельд, Йенс. "Nismo 400r" . JB Car Pages. Архивировано из оригинала 7 декабря 2008 года . Получено 26 октября 2008 года .
- ^ Бирманн, Роджер (20 декабря 2023 г.). «Соглашение джентльмена JDM: почему культовые японские автомобили ограничены 276 л.с.» . Карбуз . Получено 10 января 2024 года .
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- ^ «Каталог Nissan Skyline ( ) Skyline
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- ^ основных ( . » PDF « Технические характеристики спецификаций | Таблица )
- ^ «Некоторые спецификации Skyline улучшены, автоматическое торможение является стандартным оборудованием для всех . » классов
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- ^ «Nissan: Связанная с отзывом информации: о . горизонте »
- ^ «Предполагал клиентов для« нового горизонта »: действительно ли это всего около 600 человек? " .Gadget News - Обзоры цифровых поколений, журнал News & Culture, новостной сайт, который аккуратно передает различные события, которые произошли в Интернете, и последней информации о последних гаджетах. Программы прямой трансляции также транслируются восторженными отзывами ... 29 декабря 2013 г. Полем
- ^ набор марки рамки" Знаменитая каркасная каркасная каркаса Nissan Skyline 2000GT-R Edition "сейчас в продаже . « Оригинальный "
- ^ Известный набор каркасных карт автомобилей Nissan Skyline 2000gt-R» (KPGC110) «Сейчас в продаже ». « Оригинальный набор марки для каркаса» «
- ^ «Продажи оригинальной коллекции товаров для 60 -летия Skyline» теперь доступны » . Nissan Motor Newsroom .
Внешние ссылки
[ редактировать ]
- Страница Nissan Skyline: официальный сайт Nissan Skyline (на японском языке)
- Nissan GT-R Press Information
- Страница сбора наследия Nissan
V35
[ редактировать ]- Skyline Press Information 2001.6.18
- Nissan XVL Page
- Седан: 2001–02 , 2002–03 , 2004–05 архивированные 2020-02-23 в The Wayback Machine , 2005–06
- Coupe: 2004–05 архив 2020-02-23 в The Wayback Machine , 2005–06 , 2006–07
V36/J50
[ редактировать ]- Седан: 2006–10 архив 2020-01-22 в The Wayback Machine , 2010–13
- Купе: 2007–10 архив 2016-10-19 на машине Wayback
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