Терминально в 25
| В 25 лет | |
|---|---|
| |
| Роль | Тренировочный самолет |
| Производитель | Зажим |
| Первый полет | 1928 |
| Номер построен | Около 720 (включая американский самолет) |
| Варианты | Терминал в 26 |
Klemm L 25 , позже Klemm KL 25 - это успешный немецкий легкий досуг, спортивные и тренировочные моноплановые самолеты, разработанные в 1928 году. Было построено более 600 самолетов, а лицензии на производство были проданы в Соединенное Королевство и Соединенные Штаты.
Дизайн и строительство
[ редактировать ]С низким консольным крылом, неподвижным шасси и двумя открытыми кабинами, [ 1 ] Самолет был разработан Ханном Клеммом , который использовал свой предыдущий дизайн Daimler L20 , в качестве отправной точки. 20 HP (15 кВт) Сначала он пролетел по двигателю Daimler F7502 Daimler . [ 1 ] Было сделано около 30 различных версий KL 25, и они были оснащены двигателями от 32 до 70 кВт (от 43 до 94 л.с.). Фузеляж был покрыт фанерой.
В зависимости от модели веса самолета составлял от 620 до 720 кг (от 1367 до 1587 фунтов), и у него было 10,5-13 м (от 34 до 43 футов) размах крыла. Взлет был достигнут всего 50 км/ч (31 миль в час), а максимальная скорость составляла от 150 до 160 км/ч (93 и 99 миль в час).
In relation to similar aircraft of the time, assembly was very easy, and this made it a very popular aircraft. According to the sales brochures, only 25% of the engine's power was needed to keep the aircraft flying, compared to biplanes of the period, which required 50% engine power.
About 600 were built in Germany between 1929 and 1936,[1] serving with various flight training organizations, with either wheels, skis, or floats.[1] 15 were sold to Britain before the Second World War,[1] being fitted with a variety of domestic engines,[1] while 28 more were built by British Klemm Aeroplane Company as the B.A. Swallow.[1] Production in the United States was carried out by the Aeromarine-Klemm Company which enjoyed moderate success, as well as developing models for the American market, in isolation from the parent company, with about 120 built of all models.
Operation
[edit]Klemm L 25s took part in many competitions, among others in International Touring Aircraft Competitions (Europa Rundflug) in 1929 (best 4th place) and in 1930 (best 2nd and 3rd places, L 25E variant).[2]
Variants
[edit]- NB, list not complete
Germany- L 25 a
- Built between 1927 and 1929, equipped with a 22 PS (21.7 hp; 16.2 kW) Daimler F 7502 engine
- L 25 I
- Built between 1928 and 1929, equipped with a 45 PS (44.4 hp; 33.1 kW) Salmson AD.9 engine
- L 25 Ia
- L 25 IW
- Floatplane version of the Ia, with two wooden floats supported by steel-tube struts in inverted 'W' configuration[3]
- L 25 b
- Built in 1931, equipped with a 22 PS (21.7 hp; 16.2 kW) Daimler F 7502 engine
- L 25 b VII
- Built in 1931, equipped with a 60 PS (59.2 hp; 44.1 kW) Hirth HM 60 engine
- L 25 d II
- Built in 1933, equipped with an 88 PS (86.8 hp; 64.7 kW) Siemens-Halske Sh 13a engine
- L 25 d VII
- Equipped with a 80 PS (78.9 hp; 58.8 kW) Hirth HM 60R engine
- L 25 IVa
- Equipped with Armstrong Siddeley Genet engine[4]
- VL 25 Va
- Three-seater variant, with a closed canopy, equipped with 103 PS (101.6 hp; 75.8 kW) Argus As 8 straight engine[2]
- L 25 Ve
- (see L 25E) For Europa Rundflug 1930
- L 25E
- (L 25 Ve) Special competition variant (E for Europa Rundflug 1930), with a closed canopy, smaller span, equipped with a 103 PS (101.6 hp; 75.8 kW) Argus As 8[2]
United Kingdom- British Klemm Aeroplane Company B.K. Swallow
- British Aircraft Manufacturing Co. B.A. Swallow II
United States- Aeromarine-Klemm AKL-25
- Aeromarine-Klemm AKL-70
- Aeromarine-Klemm Model 70 Trainer
Operators
[edit]
Specifications (L 25.Ia)
[edit]Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1931'[3]
General characteristics
- Crew: 1
- Capacity: 1
- Length: 7.3 m (23 ft 11 in)
- Wingspan: 13 m (42 ft 8 in)
- Height: 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in)
- Wing area: 20.0 m2 (215 sq ft)
- Airfoil: Göttingen 387[5]
- Empty weight: 285 kg (628 lb)
- Gross weight: 500 kg (1,102 lb)
- Fuel capacity: 50 L (13 US gal; 11 imp gal) in a forward fuselage tank
- Powerplant: 1 × Salmson AD.9 9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 30 kW (40 hp)
- Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch propeller
Performance
- Maximum speed: 140 km/h (87 mph, 76 kn)
- Landing speed: 50 km/h (31 mph; 27 kn)
- Range: 650 km (400 mi, 350 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 6,500 m (21,300 ft)
- Time to altitude: 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in 8 minutes
- Wing loading: 25 kg/m2 (5.1 lb/sq ft)
- Power/mass: 0.05978 kW/kg (0.03636 hp/lb)
See also
[edit]Related development
Related lists
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Ketley, Barry; Rolfe, Mark (1996). Luftwaffe fledglings 1935-1945 Luftwaffe training units & their aircraft (1st ed.). Aldershot, GB: Hikoki Publications. p. 12. ISBN 978-0951989920.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Krzyżan, Marian (1988). Międzynarodowe turnieje lotnicze 1929-1934 (in Polish). Warsaw: Wydawn, Komunikacji i Łączności. pp. 216–218. ISBN 83-206-0637-3.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Grey, C.G., ed. (1931). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1931. London: Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd. pp. 172c–173c.
- ^ Krzyżan, Marian (1988). Międzynarodowe turnieje lotnicze 1929-1934 : Table.II (in Polish). Warsaw: Wydawn, Komunikacji i Łączności. ISBN 83-206-0637-3.
- ^ Леднисер, Дэвид. «Неполное руководство по использованию аэродинамического профиля» . m-selig.ae.illinois.edu . Получено 16 апреля 2019 года .
Библиография
[ редактировать ]- Гердессен, Фредерик. «Эстонский воздушный власть 1918 - 1945». Энтузиаст воздуха , № 18, апрель - июль 1982 года. С. 61–76. ISSN 0143-5450 .
Внешние ссылки
[ редактировать ]