1945

Эта статья о 1945 году. Чтобы узнать о других значениях, см. 1945 (значения) .

1945

январь

февраль

Маршировать

апрель

Может

Июнь

Июль

Август

Сентябрь

Октябрь

ноябрь

декабрь

Миллениум :	2-е тысячелетие
Столетия :	19 век 20 век 21 век
Десятилетия :	1920-е годы 1930-е годы 1940-е годы 1950-е годы 1960-е годы
Годы :	1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948

1945 год в разных календарях

Григорианский календарь	1945 MCMXLV
Основан городом	2698
Армянский календарь	1394 ТВ РЮГД
Ассирийский календарь	6695
Календарь бахаи	101–102
Балийский календарь саков	1866–1867
Bengali calendar	1352
Berber calendar	2895
British Regnal year	9 Geo. 6 – 10 Geo. 6
Buddhist calendar	2489
Burmese calendar	1307
Byzantine calendar	7453–7454
Chinese calendar	甲申年 (Wood Monkey) 4642 or 4435     — to — 乙酉年 (Wood Rooster) 4643 or 4436
Coptic calendar	1661–1662
Discordian calendar	3111
Ethiopian calendar	1937–1938
Hebrew calendar	5705–5706
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	2001–2002
- Shaka Samvat	1866–1867
- Kali Yuga	5045–5046
Holocene calendar	11945
Igbo calendar	945–946
Iranian calendar	1323–1324
Islamic calendar	1364–1365
Japanese calendar	Shōwa 20 (昭和２０年)
Javanese calendar	1875–1876
Juche calendar	34
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar	4278
Minguo calendar	ROC 34 民國34年
Nanakshahi calendar	477
Thai solar calendar	2488
Tibetan calendar	阳木猴年 (male Wood-Monkey) 2071 or 1690 or 918     — to — 阴木鸡年 (female Wood-Rooster) 2072 or 1691 or 919

1945 ( MCMXLV ) — невисокосный год, начинающийся в понедельник по григорианскому календарю , 1945-й год обозначений нашей эры (CE) и Anno Domini (AD), 945-й год 2-го тысячелетия , 45-й год 20-го века , и 6-й год десятилетия 1940-х годов .

1945 год ознаменовал окончание Второй мировой войны и падение нацистской Германии и Японской империи . Это также год концентрационных лагерей освобождения и единственный год, когда атомное оружие было использовано в боевых действиях .

События

Вторая мировая война будет сокращенно называться «Вторая мировая война».

январь

Основная статья: январь 1945 г.

January 27 – The Soviet Red Army liberates Auschwitz.

• 1 января – Вторая мировая война:
  • Германия начинает операцию «Боденплатте» — попытку Люфтваффе нанести вред военно-воздушным силам союзников в Нидерландах .
  • Резня в Шеноне : немецкие пленные предположительно убиты американскими войсками недалеко от деревни Шенонь, Бельгия.
• 6 января – Вторая мировая война: Немецкое наступление отбивает Эстергом , Венгрия, у Советов.
• 9 января — Вторая мировая война: американские и австралийские войска высаживаются в заливе Лингаен на западном побережье крупнейшего филиппинского острова Лусон , оккупированного Японией с 1942 года.
• 12 января — Вторая мировая война: Советский Союз начинает Висло-Одерское наступление в Восточной Европе против немецкой армии .
• 13 января — Вторая мировая война: Советский Союз начинает Восточно-Прусское наступление , чтобы уничтожить немецкие войска в Восточной Пруссии .
• 16 января – Вторая мировая война: Адольф Гитлер поселяется в бункере фюрера в Берлине.
• 17 января
  • Вторая мировая война: Советский Союз оккупирует Варшаву , Польша.
  • Холокост : шведский дипломат Рауль Валленберг , спасший тысячи евреев, взят под стражу советским патрулем во время осады Будапешта , и его больше никогда не видели публично.
• 18 января – Холокост : СС начинает эвакуацию концентрационного лагеря Освенцим . Около 60 000 заключенных, в основном евреев, вынуждены маршировать в другие места Германии; умирает до 15 000 человек. 7000 человек, слишком больных, чтобы переехать, остались без раздачи припасов.
• 19 января – Холокост : советские войска освобождают Лодзинское гетто ; в настоящее время осталось только 877 евреев из первоначального населения в 164 000 человек.
• January 20
  • Franklin D. Roosevelt is sworn in for a fourth term as President of the United States, the only President ever to exceed two terms.
  • Germany begins the Evacuation of East Prussia.
• January 21–22 (night) – At the Grünhagen railroad station, located in East Prussia at this date, two trains, heading for Elbing, collide. At dawn the station is reached by Soviet Army infantry and tanks which destroy the station, killing between 140 and 150 people.
• January 23 – WWII:
  • Hungary agrees to an armistice with the Allies.
  • German Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz orders the start of Operation Hannibal, the mass evacuation by sea of German troops and civilians from the Courland Pocket, East Prussia and the Polish Corridor, evacuating an estimated 800,000-900,000 German civilians and 350,000 soldiers from advancing Soviet forces.
  • Evacuation of Germans from Grünhagen.
• January 24 – WWII: AP war correspondent Joseph Morton, nine OSS men, and four SOE agents are executed by the Germans at Mauthausen concentration camp under Hitler's Commando Order of 1942, which stipulates the immediate execution of all captured Allied commandos or saboteurs without trial, even those in proper uniforms. Morton is the only Allied correspondent to be executed by the Axis during the war.
• January 25 – WWII: Hitler appoints Heinrich Himmler as commander of the hastily formed Army Group Vistula (Heeresgruppe Weichsel) to halt the Soviet Red Army's Vistula–Oder offensive into Pomerania, despite Himmler's lack of military experience.
• January 26 – WWII: 19-year-old U.S. Army Staff Sergeant Audie Murphy sees action at Holtzwihr, France, for which is awarded the Medal of Honor.
• January 27 – The Holocaust: The Soviet Red Army liberates the Auschwitz and Birkenau concentration camps.
• January 30 – WWII:
  • MV Wilhelm Gustloff, with over 10,000 mainly civilian Germans from Gotenhafen (Gdynia) is sunk in Gdańsk Bay by three torpedoes from Soviet submarine S-13 in the Baltic Sea; up to 9,400, 5,000 of whom are children, are thought to have died – the greatest loss of life in a single ship sinking in history.
  • Raid at Cabanatuan: 121 American soldiers and 800 Filipino guerrillas free 813 American prisoners of war from the Japanese-held camp in the city of Cabanatuan, in the Philippines.
  • Adolf Hitler makes his last public speech, on broadcast radio, expressing the belief that Germany will triumph.
• January 31 – WWII: The Battle of Hill 170 in the Burma Campaign ends with the British 3rd Commando Brigade defeating the Imperial Japanese Army 54th Division, causing the Japanese Twenty-Eighth Army to withdraw from the Arakan Peninsula.

February

Main article: February 1945

February 4 – The "Big Three" at the Yalta Conference: Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin.

February 19 – During the Battle of Iwo Jima, U.S. Marines land on the island.

• February – Raymond L. Libby of American Cyanamid's research laboratories, at Stamford, Connecticut, announces a method of orally administering the antibiotic penicillin.
• February 3 – WWII:
  • Battle of Manila: United States forces enter the outskirts of Manila to capture it from the Japanese Imperial Army, starting the battle. On February 4, U.S. Army forces liberate Santo Tomas Internment Camp in the city.
  • The Soviet Union agrees to enter the Pacific War against Japan, once hostilities against Germany are concluded.
• February 4–11 – WWII: President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin hold the Yalta Conference.
• February 7 – WWII: General Douglas MacArthur returns to Manila.
• February 8 – The Alaska Anti-Discrimination Act of 1945, championed by charismatic native leader Elizabeth Peratrovich, is passed by the territorial Senate, after the legislature defeated a previous bill in 1943.
• February 9
  • Walter Ulbricht becomes leader of the German Communists in Moscow.
  • WWII: "Black Friday": A force of Allied Bristol Beaufighter aircraft suffers heavy casualties in an unsuccessful attack on German destroyer Z33 and escorting vessels sheltering in Førde Fjord, Norway.
• February 10 – WWII: German troopship SS General von Steuben is sunk by the Soviet submarine S-13; 3,608 drown.
• February 10–20 – WWII: Operation Kita: The Imperial Japanese Navy returns "Completion Force", containing both its Ise-class battleships, safely from Singapore to Kure in Japan despite Allied attacks.
• February 12 – A devastating tornado outbreak in Mississippi and Alabama kills 45 people and injures 427 others.
• February 13 – WWII:
  • The Budapest Offensive and the Siege of Budapest end with Nazi troops surrendering Budapest (Hungary) to Soviet-Romanian forces.
  • Bombing of Dresden (Germany) by the British Royal Air Force and United States Army Air Forces; 25,000-35,000 are estimated to have died.
• February 16 – WWII:
  • The Bombing of Wesel begins, destroying 97% of the town over three days.
  • American and Filipino ground forces land on Corregidor Island in the Philippines.
  • Combined American and Filipino forces recapture the Bataan Peninsula.
  • Venezuela declares war on Germany.
• February 19–20 – 980 (Actual figure is disputed) Japanese soldiers die as a result of being attacked by long saltwater crocodiles in Ramree, Burma.
• February 19 – WWII: Battle of Iwo Jima – About 30,000 United States Marines land on Iwo Jima.
• February 21 – The last V-2 rocket is launched from Peenemünde.
• February 22 – WWII:
  • Italian Front: The Battle of Monte Castello ends, after nearly three months of fighting, Brazilian troops expel German forces from a pivot point in the (Tuscan) North Apennines, where their artillery was impeding the advance of Eighth British Army toward Bologna.
  • Uruguay declares war on Germany and Japan.
• February 23 – WWII:
  • Battle of Iwo Jima: A group of United States Marines reach the top of Mount Suribachi on the island, and are photographed raising the American flag. The photo, Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima (taken by Joe Rosenthal), later wins a Pulitzer Prize.
  • The 11th Airborne Division, with Filipino guerrillas, free the captives of the Los Baños internment camp.
  • The capital of the Philippines, Manila, is liberated by combined American and Filipino ground troops. The suburb of Intramuros is devastated.
  • The German garrison in Poznań capitulates to Red Army and Polish troops.
  • Bombing of Pforzheim: The heaviest of a series of bombing raids on Pforzheim, Germany by Allied aircraft is carried out by the British Royal Air Force. As many as 17,600 people, or 31.4% of the town's population, are killed in the raid and about 83% of the town's buildings destroyed, two-thirds of its complete area and between 80 and 100% of the inner city.
  • Turkey joins the war on the side of the Allies.
• February 24 – Egyptian Premier Ahmad Mahir Pasha is assassinated in Parliament after declaring war on Germany and Japan.
• February 27 – The Bombing of Mainz results in 1,209 confirmed dead; 80% of the city is destroyed.
• February 28 – In Bucharest, a violent demonstration takes place, during which the Bolşevic group opens fire on the army and protesters. In response, Andrei Y. Vishinsky, USSR vice commissioner of foreign affairs and president of the Allied Control Commission for Romania, travels to Bucharest to compel Nicolae Rădescu to resign as premier.

March

Main article: March 1945

• March 1 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt gives what will be his last address to a joint session of the United States Congress, reporting on the Yalta Conference.
• March 2
  • Former U.S. Vice-president Henry A. Wallace starts his term of office as United States Secretary of Commerce, serving under President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
  • The rocket-propelled Bachem Ba 349 Natter is first test launched at Stetten am kalten Markt. The launch fails and the pilot, Lothar Sieber, dies.
• March 3 – WWII:
  • Finland declares war on the Axis powers.
  • United States and Filipino troops take Manila, Philippines.
  • Pawłokoma massacre: A Polish Home Army unit massacres between 150 and 500 Ukrainian civilians in the Polish village of Pawłokoma.
  • Bombing of the Bezuidenhout: The British Royal Air Force accidentally bombs the Bezuidenhout neighbourhood in The Hague, Netherlands, killing 511 people.
• March 4
  • In the United Kingdom, Princess Elizabeth (later Queen Elizabeth II), joins the Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) as a truck driver/mechanic in London.
  • The Swiss cities of Basel and Zürich are accidentally bombed by the United States.
• March 5 – WWII: Brazilian troops take Castelnuovo (Vergato), in the last operations of the Allied Spring 1945 offensive in Italy.
• March 6
  • A Communist-led government is formed in Romania under Petru Groza, following Soviet intervention.
  • Resistance fighters accidentally ambush and attempt to execute SS general Hanns Albin Rauter, the arch-persecutor of the Dutch.
• March 7 – WWII: At the end of Operation Lumberjack, American troops seize the Ludendorff Bridge over the Rhine at Remagen, Germany and begin to cross; in the next 10 days, 25,000 troops with equipment are able to cross.
• March 8
  • Josip Broz Tito forms a Provisional Government of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
  • Nazi authorities kill 117 Dutch men, in reprisal for the attempted murder of Hanns Albin Rauter.
  • Operation Sunrise: Waffen-SS General Karl Wolff meets with Allen Welsh Dulles of the United States Office of Strategic Services at Lucerne, Switzerland, to negotiate the surrender of the Axis forces in Italy to the Allies.
• March 9–10 – WWII: Bombing of Tokyo: USAAF B-29 bombers attack Tokyo, Japan, with incendiary bombs, killing 100,000 citizens in the firebombing. It is the single most destructive conventional air attack of the war.
• March 11
  • The Empire of Japan establishes the Empire of Vietnam, a puppet state which will last only until August 23, with Bảo Đại as its ruler.
  • The Sammarinese general election gives San Marino the world's first democratically elected communist government, which will hold power until 1957.
• March 12 – WWII: Swinemünde is destroyed by the USAAF, killing an estimated 8,000 to 23,000 civilians, mostly refugees saved by Operation Hannibal.
• March 15–31 – WWII: The Soviet Red Army carries out the Upper Silesian Offensive.
• March 15 – The 17th Academy Awards ceremony is held, broadcast via radio in the United States for the first time. Best Picture goes to Going My Way.
• March 16 – WWII:
  • The Battle of Iwo Jima unofficially ends.
  • The Bombing of Würzburg, as part of the Allied strategic bombing campaign against Nazi Germany, destroys 89% of the city and causes 4,000 deaths.
• March 17 – WWII: Kobe, Japan is fire-bombed by 331 B-29 bombers, killing over 8,000 people.
• March 18 – WWII:
  • The 40th Infantry Division, spearheaded by the 185th US Infantry Regiment, lands unopposed in Tigbauan forcing the Japanese forces to surrender and General Macario Peralta and Gen. Gen. Eichelberger to declare the Liberation of Panay, Romblon and Guimaras.
  • 1,250 American bombers attack Berlin.
  • Battle of Kolberg concludes with the Baltic seaport (designated a key Festung (fortress) by the Germans) taken by Polish and Soviet forces and ethnic Germans evacuated or expelled.
• March 19 – WWII:
  • Adolf Hitler issues the "Nero Decree" ordering that all industries, military installations, machine shops, transportation facilities and communications facilities in Germany be destroyed ahead of Allied advances, but Albert Speer, placed in charge of the implementation, deliberately disobeys it.
  • Off the coast of Japan, bombers hit the aircraft carrier USS Franklin, killing about 800 of her crewmen and crippling the ship.
• March 20 – WWII: Hitler dismisses Heinrich Himmler from his military command.
• March 21 – WWII:
  • British troops liberate Mandalay, Burma.
  • Bulgarian and Soviet troops successfully defend the north bank of the Drava River, as the Battle of the Transdanubian Hills concludes.
• March 22
  • The Arab League is formed, with the adoption of a charter in Cairo, Egypt.
  • The Cathedral and the historic centre of Hildesheim in Germany are destroyed in a bombing of the city.
• March 24
  • WWII: Operation Varsity – Two airborne divisions capture bridges across the river Rhine to aid the Allied advance.
  • The cartoon character Sylvester the cat debuts in Life with Feathers.
• March 26 – WWII: The Battle of Iwo Jima officially ends, with the destruction of the remaining areas of Japanese resistance, although there are Japanese holdouts here until 1949.
• March 27 – WWII:
  • The United States Army Air Forces begins Operation Starvation, laying naval mines in many of Japan's seaways.
  • Argentina declares war on Germany and Japan.
• March 29
  • WWII: The Red Army almost destroys the German 4th Army, in the Heiligenbeil Pocket in East Prussia.
  • The "Clash of Titans": George Mikan and Bob Kurland duel at Madison Square Garden in New York, as Oklahoma State University defeats DePaul 52–44 in basketball.
• March 30 – WWII:
  • The Red Army pushes most of the Axis forces out of Hungary into Austria.
  • American official Alger Hiss is congratulated in Moscow for his part in bringing the positions of the Western powers and the Soviet Union closer to each other, at the Yalta Conference.

April

Main article: April 1945

April 7 – Japanese battleship Yamato explodes after persistent attacks from U.S. aircraft during the Battle of Okinawa.

April 30 – Adolf Hitler, along with his wife Eva Braun, commits suicide.

• April 1 – WWII: Battle of Okinawa: The Tenth United States Army lands on Okinawa.
• April 4 – WWII:
  • American troops liberate their first Nazi concentration camp, Ohrdruf extermination camp in Germany.
  • The Soviet Red Army enters Bratislava and pushes to the outskirts of Vienna, taking it on April 13, after several days of intense fighting.
• April 6 – WWII:
  • Sarajevo is liberated from Nazi Germany and the Independent State of Croatia (a fascist puppet state) by Yugoslav Partisans.
  • The Battle of Slater's Knoll on Bougainville Island concludes, with a decisive victory for the Australian Army's 7th Brigade.
  • Allied forces reach Merkers Salt Mines in Thuringia where gold reserves of the Nazi German Reichsbank and art treasures are stored.
• April 7 – WWII:
  • The only flight of the German ramming unit known as Sonderkommando Elbe takes place, resulting in the loss of some 24 B-17s and B-24s of the United States Eighth Air Force.
  • Japanese battleship Yamato and nine other warships take part in Operation Ten-Go, a suicide attack on Allied forces engaged in the Battle of Okinawa. Yamato is sunk by U.S. Navy aircraft in the East China Sea 200 miles (320 km) north of Okinawa with the loss of 2,055 of 2,332 crew, together with five other Japanese warships.
  • Kantarō Suzuki becomes Prime Minister of Japan.
• April 8 – The SS begins to evacuate the Buchenwald concentration camp; inmates in the Buchenwald Resistance call for American aid, and overpower and kill the remaining guards.
• April 9
  • WWII: The Battle of Königsberg, in East Prussia, ends with Soviet forces capturing the city.
  • Abwehr conspirators Wilhelm Canaris, Hans Oster and Hans von Dohnányi are hanged at Flossenberg concentration camp, along with pastor Dietrich Bonhoeffer.
  • Johann Georg Elser, would-be assassin of Adolf Hitler, is executed at Dachau concentration camp.
• April 10 – WWII: Visoko is liberated by the 7th, 9th and 17th Krajina Brigades from the Tenth Division of Yugoslav Partisan forces.
• April 11 – Buchenwald concentration camp is liberated by the United States Army.
• April 12
  • Vice President Harry S. Truman becomes the 33rd president of the United States, upon the death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt at the Little White House in Warm Springs, Georgia of an intracerebral hemorrhage. President Truman is sworn in later that evening in the White House.
  • A devastating tornado outbreak occurs across the United States, which kills 128 people and injures over 1,000 others. This outbreak is heavily overshadowed by the death of President Roosevelt.
  • WWII: The U.S. Ninth Army under General William H. Simpson crosses the Elbe River astride Magdeburg, and reaches Tangermünde — only 50 miles from Berlin.
• April 14 – WWII:
  • The First Canadian Army assumes military control of the Netherlands, where German forces are trapped in the Atlantic Wall fortifications along the coastline.
  • Razing of Friesoythe: The 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division deliberately destroys the German town of Friesoythe, on the orders of Major General Christopher Vokes.
• April 15 – WWII:
  • The Bergen-Belsen concentration camp is liberated by British and Canadian forces.
  • The Canadian First Army reaches the coast in the northern Netherlands, and captures Arnhem.
• April 16 – WWII:
  • The Battle of Berlin begins, opening with the Red Army launching the Battle of the Oder–Neisse and the Battle of the Seelow Heights.
  • Canadian forces take Harlingen and occupy Leeuwarden and Groningen in the Netherlands.
  • MV Goya is sunk by Soviet submarine L-3 in the Baltic Sea while evacuating German troops and civilians as part of Operation Hannibal; 7,000–8,000 drown.
  • Death marches from Flossenbürg concentration camp begin.
• April 17 – WWII:
  • Brazilian forces liberate the town of Montese, Italy, from German forces.
  • Inundation of the Wieringermeer in the Netherlands by occupying German forces.
• April 18 – American war correspondent Ernie Pyle is killed by Japanese machine gun fire on the island of Ie Shima off Okinawa.
• April 19 – Rodgers and Hammerstein's Carousel, a musical play based on Ferenc Molnár's Liliom, opens on Broadway, and becomes their second long-running stage classic. It includes the standard "You'll Never Walk Alone".
• April 20 – WWII:
  • On his 56th birthday, Adolf Hitler leaves his Führerbunker, to decorate a group of Hitler Youth soldiers in Berlin. It will be his last trip to the surface from his underground bunker.
  • The German city of Nuremberg, previously the site of the Nuremberg rallies, is occupied by American troops.
• April 22 – WWII:
  • Heinrich Himmler, through Folke Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg, puts forth an offer of German surrender to the Western Allies, but not the Soviet Union.
  • Adolf Hitler finally concedes that "everything is lost" at a meeting in the Führerbunker after learning that SS-Obergruppenführer Felix Steiner cannot mobilize enough men to launch a counterattack on the Soviet forces which are surrounding Berlin.
• April 23 – WWII:
  • Hermann Göring sends the Göring telegram to Hitler, seeking confirmation that he should take over leadership of Germany, in accordance with the decree of June 29, 1941. Hitler regards this as treason.
  • The main Flossenbürg concentration camp is liberated by the United States Army.
• April 24 – WWII:
  • Battle of Berlin: Red Army troops complete encirclement of Berlin.
  • Retreating German troops destroy all the bridges over the Adige in Verona, including the historic Ponte di Castelvecchio and Ponte Pietra.
• April 25
  • Founding negotiations for the United Nations begin in San Francisco.
  • WWII – Elbe Day: United States and Soviet troops link up at the Elbe River, cutting Germany in two.
• April 25–26 – WWII: The last major strategic bombing raid by RAF Bomber Command, the destruction of the oil refinery at Tønsberg in southern Norway, is carried out by 107 Avro Lancasters.
• April 26 – WWII:
  • Battle of Bautzen: The last "successful" German panzer-offensive in Bautzen ends with the city recaptured.
  • The British 3rd Infantry Division, under General Whistler, captures Bremen.
  • Nazi surrenders mean the British and Canadians now control the German border with Switzerland, from Basel to Lake Constance.
• April 27
  • The last German formations withdraw from Finland to Norway. The Lapland War and thus, World War II in Finland, comes to an end and the Raising the Flag on the Three-Country Cairn photograph is taken.
  • The provisional government of Austria headed by Karl Renner asserts its independence from Germany.
  • U.S. Ordnance troops find the coffins of Frederick William I of Prussia, Frederick the Great, Paul von Hindenburg, and his wife, in a salt mine in Germany.
• April 28
  • The bodies of Benito Mussolini, his mistress, Clara Petacci, and other followers are hung by their heels at a gas station in the public square of Milan, Piazzale Loreto, following their execution by Italian partisans after an attempt to flee the country.
  • The Canadian First Army captures Emden and Wilhelmshaven.
• April 29
  • At the royal palace in Caserta, Lieutenant-Colonel Viktor von Schweinitz (representing General Heinrich von Vietinghoff) and SS-Obersturmbannführer Eugen Wenner (representing Waffen-SS General Karl Wolff) sign an unconditional instrument of surrender for all Axis powers forces in Italy, taking effect on May 2. Italian General Rodolfo Graziani orders the Esercito Nazionale Repubblicano forces under his command to lay down their arms.
  • Dachau concentration camp is surrendered to U.S. forces, who kill SS guards at the camp and the nearby hamlet of Webling.
  • Brazilian forces liberate the commune of Fornovo di Taro, Italy, from German forces.
  • Operation Manna: British Avro Lancaster bombers drop food into the Netherlands to prevent the starvation of the civilian population.
  • Soviet soldiers hoist the Red flag over the Reich Chancellery in Berlin.
  • Adolf Hitler marries his longtime mistress Eva Braun, in a closed civil ceremony in the Berlin Führerbunker, and signs his last will and testament.
• April 30 – WWII:
  • Death of Adolf Hitler: Adolf Hitler and his wife of one day, Eva Braun, commit suicide as the Red Army approaches the Führerbunker in Berlin. Großadmiral Karl Dönitz succeeds Hitler as President of Germany (Reichspräsident) and Joseph Goebbels succeeds as Chancellor of Germany (Reichskanzler), in accordance with Hitler's political testament of the previous day.
  • American forces enter the Bavarian capital of Munich.

May

Main article: May 1945

May – Marines of 1st Marine Division fighting on Okinawa.

May 8 – American soldiers fighting in the Pacific theater listen to radio reports of Victory in Europe Day.

May 9 – Prague is liberated by the Red Army.

• May – Interpol (being headquartered in Berlin) effectively ceases to exist (it is recreated on June 3, 1946).
• May 1 – WWII:
  • Reichssender Hamburg's Flensburg radio station announces that Hitler has died in battle, "fighting up to his last breath against Bolshevism."
  • Joseph Goebbels carries out his sole official act as Chancellor of Germany, dictating a letter to the Soviet commander in Berlin advising of Hitler's death and requesting a ceasefire. When the latter is refused, he and his wife Magda kill their six children and commit suicide themselves. Karl Dönitz appoints Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk as the new de facto Chancellor of Germany, in the Flensburg Government.
  • Troops of the Yugoslav 4th Army, together with the Slovene 9th Corpus NOV, enter Trieste.
  • Mass suicide in Demmin: An estimated 700–2,500 suicides take place, after 80% of the town has been destroyed by the Soviets during the past three days.
• May 2 – WWII:
  • The Soviet Union announces the fall of Berlin.
  • Lübeck is liberated by the British Army.
  • The surrender of Axis troops in Italy comes into effect.
  • A Holocaust death march from Dachau to the Austrian border is halted under two kilometers west of Waakirchen by the segregated, all-Nisei 522nd Field Artillery Battalion of the U.S. Army in southern Bavaria, saving several hundred prisoners.
  • Troops of the New Zealand Army 2nd Division enter Trieste a day after the Yugoslavs; the German Army in Trieste surrenders to the New Zealand Army.
  • Following the death or resignation of the Hitler Cabinet in Germany, the Schwerin von Krosigk cabinet first meets.
  • Neuengamme concentration camp near Hamburg is evacuated at about this date.
  • Expatriate American poet Ezra Pound is arrested by the Italian resistance movement but soon released by them as of no interest; on May 5 he turns himself in to the United States Army and is imprisoned as a traitor.
• May 3 – WWII:
  • The prison ships Cap Arcona (5,000 dead), Thielbek (2,750 dead) and Deutschland (all survive) are sunk by the British Royal Air Force in Lübeck Bay.
  • Rocket scientist Wernher von Braun and 120 members of his team surrender to U.S. forces (later going on to help start the U.S. space program).
  • German Protestant theologian Gerhard Kittel is arrested by the French forces in Tübingen, Germany.
  • Operation Dracula: British troops liberate the Burmese capital of Rangoon from Japanese forces.
• May 4 – WWII:
  • German surrender at Lüneburg Heath: All German armed forces in northwest Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands surrender unconditionally to Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery, effective on May 5 at 08:00 hours British Double (and German) Summer Time.
  • The Netherlands is liberated by British and Canadian troops.
  • Denmark is liberated.
  • Admiral Karl Dönitz orders all U-boats to cease offensive operations and return to bases in Norway.
  • The Holy Crown of Hungary is found in Mattsee, Austria, by the United States Army 86th Infantry Division. The U.S. government keeps the crown in Fort Knox for safekeeping from the Soviets until it is returned to Hungary on January 6 1978.
  • German auxiliary cruiser Orion is sunk on her way to Copenhagen carrying refugees, with a loss of over 3,800 lives.
• May 5 – WWII:
  • Prague uprising: Prague rises up against occupying Nazi forces, encouraged by radio broadcasts (giving rise to the Battle for Czech Radio).
  • The US 11th Armored Division liberates the prisoners of Mauthausen concentration camp, including Simon Wiesenthal.
  • Canadian soldiers liberate the city of Amsterdam from Nazi occupation.
  • A Japanese fire balloon kills six people, Elsie Mitchell and five children, near Bly, Oregon, when it explodes as they drag it from the woods. These are the only people killed by an enemy attack on the American mainland during WWII.
• May 6
  • WWII: Mildred Gillars ("Axis Sally") delivers her last propaganda broadcast to Allied troops (the first was on December 11, 1941).
  • Holocaust: Ebensee concentration camp in Austria is liberated by troops of the 80th Division (United States).
• May 6–7 – The government of the Independent State of Croatia, the Nazi-affiliated fascist puppet state established in occupied Yugoslavia, flees Zagreb for a location near Klagenfurt in Austria, but is captured in the Bleiburg repatriations that then leads to mass executions.
• May 7 – WWII:
  • At 02:41, General Alfred Jodl signs the unconditional German Instrument of Surrender in SHAEF HQ at Reims, France, to end Germany's participation in the war. Surrender is effective on May 8 at 23:01 hours Central European Time (00:01 hours May 9 German Summer Time). This afternoon Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, Leading Minister in the rump Flensburg Government, makes a broadcast announcing the German surrender and American journalist Edward Kennedy breaks an Allied embargo on news of the signing.
  • Numerous RAF Lancasters land in Germany to repatriate British prisoners of war. Some 4,500 ex-POWs are flown back to Great Britain over the next 24 hours.
• May 8 – WWII:
  • Victory in Europe Day (VE Day) is observed by the western European powers as Nazi Germany surrenders, marking the end of WWII in Europe.
  • Shortly before midnight (May 9 Moscow time) the final German Instrument of Surrender is signed at the seat of the Soviet Military Administration in Berlin-Karlshorst, attended by Allied representatives.
  • Canadian troops move into Amsterdam, after German troops surrender.
  • The surrender of the Dodecanese is signed in Symi.
  • The Prague uprising ends with a ceasefire.
  • The Eighth British Army, together with Slovene partisan troops and a motorized detachment of the Yugoslav 4th Army, arrives in Carinthia and Klagenfurt. The Croatian Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia are ordered by their commanders not to surrender to the Yugoslav Partisans, but to attempt to retreat to Austria and surrender to the British, part of the events leading to the Bleiburg repatriations.
  • Hermann Göring surrenders himself to the United States Army near Radstadt.
• May 8–29 – Sétif and Guelma massacre: in Algeria, thousands die as French troops and released Italian POWs kill an estimated 6,000 to 40,000 Algerian citizens.
• May 9 – WWII:
  • The Soviet Union marks VE Day as the Red Army enters Prague.
  • Vidkun Quisling and other members of the collaborationist Quisling regime in Norway surrender to the Resistance (Milorg) and police at Møllergata 19 in Oslo, as part of the legal purge in Norway after World War II.
  • General Alexander Löhr, Commander of German Army Group E near Topolšica, Slovenia, signs the capitulation of German occupation troops.
  • Liberation of the German-occupied Channel Islands: British forces take the surrender of the occupying troops, with Royal Navy ships HMS Bulldog arriving in St Peter Port, Guernsey, and HMS Beagle in St Helier, Jersey.
• May 10 – WWII: Liberation of the German-occupied Channel Islands: Occupation of Sark ends, with British forces taking the surrender of the occupying troops and leaving them under the orders of Dame Sibyl Hathaway.
• May 12 – Argentinian labour leader José Peter declares the Meat Industry Workers Federation dissolved.
• May 14–15 – WWII: Battle of Poljana: The last battle of the War in Europe is fought at Poljana near Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia.
• May 15 – WWII: Surrender at Bleiburg – Retreating troops of the Croatian Armed Forces of the former puppet Independent State of Croatia (intermingled with fleeing civilians) attempt to surrender to the British Army at Bleiburg, but are directed to surrender to Yugoslav Partisans, who open fire on them. The remainder, after orders are given by Tito, are force-marched through Croatia and Serbia, interned or massacred, with thousands dying.
• May 16 – WWII: Liberation of the German-occupied Channel Islands: Occupation of Alderney ends, with British forces taking the surrender of the occupying troops, the civilian population having been evacuated.
• May 23
  • The Flensburg Government is dissolved by the Allies, and German President Karl Dönitz and German Chancellor Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk are arrested by British RAF Regiment personnel at Flensburg. They are respectively the last German Head of state and Head of government until 1949.
  • Heinrich Himmler, former head of the Nazi SS, commits suicide in British custody.
• May 28 – U.S.-born Irish-raised William Joyce ("Lord Haw-Haw") is captured on the German border. He is later charged in London with high treason for his earlier English-language wartime broadcasts from German radio, convicted, and then hanged in January 1946.
• May 29
  • German communists, led by Walter Ulbricht, arrive in Berlin.
  • Dutch painter Han van Meegeren is arrested for collaboration with the Nazis, but the "Dutch Golden Age" paintings he has sold to Hermann Göring (Koch) are later proved to be his own fakes.
• May 30 – The Iranian government demands that all Soviet and British troops leave the country.

June

Main article: June 1945

June 5 – Dwight Eisenhower, Georgy Zhukov and Arthur Tedder.

• June 1 – The British take over Lebanon and Syria.
• June 5 – The Allied Control Council, the military occupation governing body of Germany, formally takes power.
• June 7 – King Haakon VII of Norway returns to Norway five years to the day after leaving for exile in Britain.
• June 11
  • William Lyon Mackenzie King is re-elected as Canadian prime minister.
  • The Franck Committee recommends against a surprise nuclear bombing of Japan.
• June 12 – The Yugoslav Army leaves Trieste, leaving the New Zealand Army in control.
• June 21 – WWII: The Battle of Okinawa ends, with U.S. occupation of the island until 1972.
• June 24 – WWII: A victory parade is held in Red Square in Moscow.
• June 25 – Seán T. O'Kelly is elected the second President of Ireland.
• June 26 – The United Nations Charter is signed in San Francisco.
• June 29 – Czechoslovakia cedes Carpathian Ruthenia to the Soviet Union.
• June 30 – John von Neumann's First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC is distributed, containing the first published description of the logical design of a computer, with stored-program and instruction data stored in the same address space within the memory (von Neumann architecture).

July

Main article: July 1945

July 16 – Trinity test at night in New Mexico.

• July 1
  • WWII: Germany is divided between the Allied occupation forces.
  • WWII: Australian and other Allied forces launch an invasion of the east coast of Japanese-occupied Borneo near Balikpapan.
• July 2 – The 1945 Sheikh Bashir Rebellion breaks out in Burao and Erigavo in British Somaliland, led by Sheikh Bashir, a Somali religious leader.
• July 4 – Brazilian cruiser Bahia is sunk by an accidentally induced explosion, killing more than 300 and stranding the survivors in shark-infested waters.
• July 5
  • The 1945 United Kingdom general election is held, though some constituencies delay their polls for local holiday reasons. Counting of votes and declaration of results are delayed until July 26 to allow for voting by the large number of service personnel still overseas.
  • John Curtin, 14th Prime Minister of Australia, dies in office from heart failure at the age of 60. He is briefly replaced by his deputy Frank Forde, who serves as the 15th Prime Minister until a Labor Party leadership election is held to replace Curtin.
  • WWII: The Philippines are declared liberated.
• July 6–7 – Schio massacre: 54 prisoners, mostly fascist sympathisers, are killed by members of the Italian resistance movement in Schio.
• July 8 – WWII: Harry S. Truman is informed that Japan will talk peace if it can retain the reign of the Emperor.
• July 12 – Ben Chifley is elected leader of the Labor Party, and consequently becomes the 16th Prime Minister of Australia, defeating Frank Forde as well as Norman Makin and H.V. Evatt. As a result, Forde becomes the shortest serving Prime Minister in Australian history; nevertheless, he retains his post as Deputy Leader.
• July 14 – WWII: Italy declares war on Japan.
• July 16
  • The Trinity Test, the first of an atomic bomb, using about six kilograms of plutonium, succeeds in unleashing an explosion equivalent to that of 22 kilotons of TNT.
  • A train collision near Munich, Germany kills 102 war prisoners.
• July 17–August 2 – WWII: Potsdam Conference – At Potsdam, the three main Allied leaders hold their final summit of the war. President Truman officially informs Stalin that the U.S. has a powerful new weapon.
• July 21 – WWII: President Harry S. Truman approves the order for atomic bombs to be used against Japan.
• July 23 – WWII: French marshal Philippe Pétain, who headed the Vichy government during WWII, goes on trial for treason.
• July 26
  • Winston Churchill resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, after his Conservative Party is soundly defeated by the Labour Party in the 1945 general election. Clement Attlee becomes the new Prime Minister. It is the first time that Labour has governed Britain with a majority in the House of Commons.
  • The Potsdam Declaration demands Japan's unconditional surrender; Article 12, permitting Japan to retain the reign of the Emperor, has been deleted by President Truman.
• July 27 – WWII: Bombing of Aomori – Two USAAF B-29s drop a total of 60,000 leaflets on the city of Aomori, Japan, warning civilians of an air raid and urging them to leave immediately.
• July 28
  • WWII: Japan ambiguously rejects the Potsdam Declaration.
  • A North American B-25 Mitchell crashes into The Empire State Building, killing 14 people.
• July 29
  • The BBC Light Programme radio station is launched in the United Kingdom, aimed at mainstream light entertainment and music.
  • WWII: Bombing of Aomori: The Japanese city of Aomori is firebombed by 63 USAAF B-29 heavy bombers, killing 1,767 civilians and destroying 18,045 homes.
• July 30 – WWII: Heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis is hit and sunk by torpedoes from the Japanese submarine I-58 in the Philippine Sea. Some 900 survivors jump into the sea and are adrift for up to four days. Nearly 600 die before help arrives. Captain Charles B. McVay III of the cruiser is later court-martialed and convicted; in 2000, he is posthumously exonerated.

August

Main article: August 1945

August 9 – The mushroom cloud from the nuclear bomb dropped on Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air.

August 18 – Surrender of the Japanese Army in Central China (Memorial in Wuhan).

• August 6 – WWII: Atomic bombing of Hiroshima: United States Boeing B-29 Superfortress Enola Gay drops a uranium-235 atomic bomb, codenamed "Little Boy", on the Japanese city of Hiroshima at 8:15 a.m. local time, resulting in between 90,000 and 146,000 deaths.
• August 7 – U.S. President Harry Truman announces the successful atomic bombing of Hiroshima, while he is returning from the Potsdam Conference aboard the U.S. Navy heavy cruiser USS Augusta (CA-31), in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.
• August 8
  • The United Nations Charter is ratified by the United States Senate, and this nation becomes the third to join the new international organization.
  • WWII: The Soviet Union declares war on Japan.
• August 9 – WWII:
  • Atomic bombing of Nagasaki: United States B-29 Bockscar drops a plutonium-239 atomic bomb, codenamed "Fat Man", on the Japanese city of Nagasaki at 11:02 a.m. local time, resulting in between 39,000 and 80,000 deaths.
  • The Soviet–Japanese War opens: The Soviet Union begins its army offensive against Japan, in the northern part of the Japanese-held Chinese region of Manchuria.
• August 10 – WWII: Japan offers to surrender to the Allies, "provided this does not prejudice the sovereignty of the Emperor".
• August 11
  • WWII: The Allies reply to the Japanese surrender offer by stating that Emperor Hirohito will be subject to the authority of the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces.
  • The Holocaust: Kraków pogrom – Róża Berger is shot dead by Polish militia.
• August 11–25 – Soviet troops complete the occupation of Sakhalin.
• August 13 – The Zionist World Congress approaches the British government to discuss the founding of the country of Israel.
• August 14 – WWII: Emperor Hirohito accepts the terms of the Potsdam Declaration. His recorded announcement of this is smuggled out of the Tokyo Imperial Palace. At 19:00 hrs in Washington, D.C. (23:00 GMT), U.S. President Harry S. Truman announces the Japanese surrender.
• August 15
  • WWII:
    • Bombing of Kumagaya, Japan, by the United States using conventional bombs, beginning at 00:23.
    • Hirohito surrender broadcast (Gyokuon-hōsō): Emperor Hirohito's announcement of the unconditional surrender of Japan is broadcast on the radio a little after noon (12:00 Japan Standard Time is 03:00 GMT). This is probably the first time an Emperor of Japan has been heard by the common people. Delivered in formal classical Japanese, without directly referring to surrender and following official censorship of the country's weak position, the recorded speech is not immediately easily understood by ordinary people. The Allies call this day Victory over Japan Day (V-J Day). This ends the period of Japanese expansionism, and begins the period of the Occupation of Japan and sets the stage for Korean independence.
  • The August Revolution in Vietnam begins, with the Viet Minh taking over the capital Hanoi, taking advantage of the collapse of Japanese power.
  • The Provisional International Civil Aviation Organization is founded, as a specialized agency of the United Nations.
• August 17
  • Philippines President José P. Laurel issues an Executive Proclamation putting an end to the Second Philippine Republic, thus ending his term as President of the Philippines.
  • Proclamation of Indonesian Independence: Indonesian nationalists Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta declare the independence of the Republic of Indonesia, with Sukarno as president and Mohammad Hatta as vice-president, igniting the Indonesian National Revolution against the Dutch Empire.
• August 18 – WWII: Death of Subhas Chandra Bose: Indian nationalist leader Subhas Chandra Bose is killed as a result of his overloaded Japanese plane crashing in Japanese Taiwan.
• August 19 – Chinese Civil War: Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek meet in Chongqing to discuss an end to hostilities between the Communists and the Nationalists.
• August 23 – Soviet–Japanese War: Joseph Stalin orders the detention of Japanese prisoners of war in the Soviet Union.
• August 25 – Bảo Đại abdicates as Emperor of Vietnam, ending 2,000 years of dynastic and monarchic rule in the country and 143 years of the Nguyễn dynasty.
• August 30 – WWII: Vietnam's capital Hanoi is taken by the Viet Minh, which ends the French occupation in what becomes North Vietnam, and thus the southern provinces become South Vietnam. This ends the August Revolution.
• August 31
  • WWII: Allied troops arrest German field marshal Walther von Brauchitsch.
  • A team at American Cyanamid's Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, New York, led by Yellapragada Subbarow, announces they have obtained folic acid in a pure crystalline form. This vitamin is abundant in green leaf vegetables, liver, kidney, and yeast.

September

Main article: September 1945

September 2 – Japan signs the Instrument of Surrender aboard the USS Missouri.

September 9 – Japanese troops formally relinquish control of Southern Korea over to the United States, effectively ending Japan's 35-year rule over Korea.

• September 2 – World War II ends:
  • Japanese general Tomoyuki Yamashita surrenders to Philippine and American forces at Kiangan, Ifugao.
  • The final official Japanese Instrument of Surrender is accepted by the Supreme Allied Commander, General Douglas MacArthur, and Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz for the United States, and delegates from the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands, China, and others from a Japanese delegation led by Mamoru Shigemitsu, on board the American battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay.
  • General Douglas MacArthur is given the title of Supreme Commander Allied Powers, and is also tasked with the occupation of Japan.
  • The Democratic Republic of Vietnam is officially established, by Ho Chi Minh.
• September 4 – WWII: Japanese forces surrender on Wake Island, after hearing word of their country's surrender.
• September 5
  • Iva Toguri D'Aquino, a Japanese American suspected of being wartime radio propagandist "Tokyo Rose", is arrested in Yokohama.
  • Russian code clerk Igor Gouzenko comes forward with numerous documents implicating the Soviet Union in many spy rings in North America, both in the United States and in Canada.
• September 8 – U.S. troops arrive in Southern Korea, while the Soviet Union occupies the north, with the dividing line being the 38th parallel of latitude. This arrangement proves to be the indirect beginning of a divided Korea, which will lead to the Korean War when North Korea invades in 1950.
• September 9
  • Chairman of the Nationalist Government of China Chiang Kai-shek officially accepts the Japanese capitulation at Nanking.
  • Japanese troops in Keijō (present day Seoul) formally relinquish control over Southern Korea to the United States, effectively ending Japan's 35-year rule of Korea.
• September 10 – Vidkun Quisling is sentenced to death for being a Nazi collaborator in Norway.
• September 11
  • Hideki Tojo, Japanese prime minister during most of World War II, attempts to commit suicide to avoid facing an Allied war crimes tribunal.
  • Radio Republik Indonesia starts broadcasting.
  • The Batu Lintang camp in Sarawak, Borneo is liberated by Australian forces.
• September 12
  • The Japanese Army formally surrenders to the British in Singapore.
  • The office of governor-general of Korea is disbanded by the United States Army Military Government in Korea, formally ending Japan's 35-year rule in Korea.
• September 18
  • Typhoon Makurazaki kills 3,746 people in Japan.
  • The Japanese Army in Central China officially surrenders to the Chinese, in Wuhan.
• September 20 – Mohandas Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru demand that all British troops depart India.
• September 24 – Postwar anti-Jewish violence in Slovakia: The Topoľčany pogrom is carried out in Czechoslovakia.

October

Main article: October 1945

October 18 – Nuremberg trials begin, after Buchenwald closes.

October 24 – United Nations formed. Shown above is its flag (the modern version is slightly retouched).

• October – Arthur C. Clarke puts forward the idea of a geosynchronous communications satellite, in a Wireless World magazine article.
• October 1–15 – Operation Backfire: Three A4 rockets are launched near Cuxhaven, in a demonstration to Allied forces.
• October 2 – George Albert Smith becomes president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
• October 4 – The Partizan Belgrade sports club is founded in Belgrade, Serbia.
• October 5 – Hollywood Black Friday: A strike by the Set Decorator's Union in Hollywood results in a riot.
• October 8–15 – Hadamar Trial: Personnel of the Hadamar Euthanasia Centre, now in the American zone of Allied-occupied Germany, are the first to be tried for systematic extermination in Nazi Germany.
• October 9 – Former prime minister Pierre Laval is sentenced to death, for collaboration with the Nazis in Vichy France.
• October 10 – The Nazi Party is dissolved by the Allied Powers.
• October 14 – Czechoslovakia: A new provisional national assembly is elected.
• October 15–21 – The Fifth Pan-African Congress is held in Manchester.
• October 16 – The Food and Agriculture Organization is established at a meeting in Quebec City, as a specialized agency of the United Nations.
• October 17 – A massive number of people, headed for the General Confederation of Labour (Argentina), gather in the Plaza de Mayo in Buenos Aires to demand Juan Perón's release. This is known to the Peronists as the Día de la lealtad (Loyalty Day) and considered the founding day of Peronism.
• October 18 – Isaías Medina Angarita, president of Venezuela, is overthrown by a military coup.
• October 19 – Members of the Indonesian People's Army attack Anglo-Dutch forces in Indonesia.
• October 20 – Mongolians vote for independence from China.
• October 21 – Women's suffrage: Women are allowed to vote in the French Legislative Election for the first time.
• October 22 – Rómulo Betancourt is named provisional president of Venezuela.
• October 24
  • The United Nations is founded by ratification of its Charter, by 29 nations.
  • The International Court of Justice ("World Court") is established by the United Nations Charter.
  • Norwegian Nazi leader Vidkun Quisling is executed by firing squad, for treason against Norway.
• October 25
  • WWII: Japanese armed forces in Taiwan surrender to the Allies.
  • Getúlio Vargas is deposed as president in Brazil; José Linhares is named temporary president.
  • Osijek prison massacre by Yugoslav secret police.
• October 27–November 20 – Indonesian National Revolution: Battle of Surabaya – Pro-independence Indonesian soldiers and militia fight British and British Indian troops in Surabaya.
• October 29
  • Getúlio Vargas resigns as president of Brazil.
  • At Gimbels Department Store in New York City, the first ballpoint pens go on sale at $12.50 each.
• October 30 – The undivided country of India joins the United Nations.

November

Main article: November 1945

• November 1
  • International Labour Organization's new constitution comes into effect.
  • Telechron introduces the model 8H59 Musalarm, the first clock radio.
• November 5 – Colombia joins the United Nations.
• November 6 – Indonesians reject an offer of autonomy from the Dutch.
• November 9 – Soo Bahk Do and Moo Duk Kwan martial arts are founded in Korea.
• November 10 – Indonesian National Revolution: Battle of Surabaya – Following the killing of British officer Brigadier A. W. S. Mallaby on October 30, the British Indian Army (in support of its allied Dutch colonial administration) begins an advance on Surabaya in the Dutch East Indies against Indonesian nationalists; although most of the city is retaken in 3 days of heavy fighting, the strength of the resistance leads to today being celebrated as Heroes' Day (Hari Pahlawan) in Indonesia.
• November 11 – 1945 Yugoslavian parliamentary election: Marshal Josip Broz Tito and the People's Front win a decisive majority (90%) in the Yugoslavian Assembly.
• November 15
  • Harry S. Truman, Clement Attlee and Mackenzie King share nuclear information with the U.N. and call for a United Nations Atomic Energy Commission.
  • An offensive is begun in Manchuria by the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalists) against further infiltration by the Chinese Communist Party.
• November 16
  • Charles de Gaulle is unanimously elected president of France by the provisional government.
  • The United States controversially imports 88 German scientists to help in the production of rocket technology.
  • The foundation of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is agreed at a meeting in London.
• November 18 – The Tudeh party starts a bloodless coup, and will form Azerbaijan within days. Soviet troops prevent Iranian troops from getting involved.
• November 20 – The Nuremberg trials begin: Trials against 22 Nazis for war crimes of World War II start at the Palace of Justice, Nuremberg.
• November 26 – U.S. Ambassador to China Patrick J. Hurley resigns after he is unable to broker a deal between Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Tse-tung.
• November 28
  • The 1945 Balochistan earthquake causes a tsunami and kills 4,000.
  • British fascist John Amery pleads guilty to treason, and is condemned to death.
• November 29
  • The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is declared (this day is celebrated as Republic Day until the 1990s). Marshal Tito is named president.
  • Assembly of the world's first general purpose electronic computer, the Electronic Numerical Integrator Analyzer and Computer (ENIAC), is completed in the United States, covering 1,800 square feet (170 m²) of floor space, and the first set of calculations is run on it.

December

Main article: December 1945

• December 2
  • General Eurico Gaspar Dutra is elected president of Brazil.
  • French banks (Bank of France, BNCI, CNEP, Crédit Lyonnais, and Société Générale) are nationalized.
• December 3 – Communist demonstrations in Athens presage the Greek Civil War.
• December 4 – The United States Senate approves the entry of the United States into the United Nations by a vote of 65–7.
• December 5 – Flight 19 of United States Navy Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers disappears on a training exercise from Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale.
• December 9 – American General George S. Patton is involved in a car accident in Germany, resulting in his death on December 21.
• December 27 – Twenty-one nations ratify the articles creating the World Bank.

Date unknown

• A team at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (led by Charles Coryell) discovers chemical element 61, the only one still missing between 1 and 96 on the periodic table, which they will name promethium. Found by analysis of fission products of irradiated uranium fuel, its discovery is not made public until 1947.
• The first geothermal milk pasteurization is done in Klamath Falls, Oregon, United States.

Births

Stephen Stills

Sir Rod Stewart

Javed Akhtar

Tom Selleck

Bob Marley

Edwin Catmull

Ana Lúcia Torre

Björn Ulvaeus

Bob Seger

Yochanan Vollach

Priscilla Presley

Laurent Gbagbo

John Carlos

Wolfgang Schüssel

Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia

Dame Helen Mirren

Patrick Modiano

David Sanborn

Steve Martin

Vince McMahon

Wyomia Tyus

Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

January

• January 1
  • Pietro Grasso, Italian politician
  • Jacky Ickx, Belgian racing driver
• January 3 – Stephen Stills, American rock singer-songwriter (Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young)
• January 4
  • Sima Bina, Iranian vocalist
  • Richard R. Schrock, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• January 5
  • Lynn Di Nino, American artist
  • Júlio Isidro, Portuguese television presenter
  • Robert Pindyck, American economist
• January 7
  • Shulamith Firestone, Canadian American feminist, writer (d. 2012)
  • Raila Odinga, prime minister of Kenya
• January 10 – Sir Rod Stewart, British rock singer
• January 12 – André Bicaba, Burkinabé sprinter
• January 14 – Einar Hákonarson, Icelandic painter
• January 15
  • Vince Foster, American deputy White House counsel during the first term of President Bill Clinton (d. 1993)
  • Princess Michael of Kent, German-born member of the British Royal Family
• January 17 – Javed Akhtar, Indian political activist, poet, lyricist and screenwriter
• January 20 – Robert Olen Butler, American writer
• January 21
  • Arthur Beetson, Australian rugby league player and coach (d. 2011)
  • Martin Shaw, British actor
• January 24 – Subhash Ghai, Indian film director, producer and screenwriter
• January 25 – Leigh Taylor-Young, American actress
• January 26
  • Jacqueline du Pré, English cellist (d. 1987)
  • Graham Williams, New Zealand rugby union player (d. 2018)
• January 27 – Harold Cardinal, Cree political leader, writer and lawyer (d. 2005)
• January 28
  • Karen Lynn Gorney, American actress (Saturday Night Fever)
  • Chuck Pyle, American country-folk singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
• January 29
  • Jim Nicholson, Northern Irish politician
  • Tom Selleck, American actor (Magnum, P.I.)
• January 31 – Joseph Kosuth, American artist

February

• February 1 – Yasuhiro Takai, Japanese professional baseball player (d. 2019)
• February 3
  • Bob Griese, American football player
  • Philip Waruinge, Kenyan boxer
• February 4 – John P. Jumper, United States Air Force general
• February 5 – Sarah Weddington, American attorney (d. 2021)
• February 6 – Bob Marley, Jamaican reggae singer-songwriter and musician (d. 1981)
• February 7 – Gerald Davies, Welsh rugby player
• February 9
  • Mia Farrow, American actress
  • Yoshinori Ohsumi, Japanese cell biologist
• February 10 – Koo Bon-moo, South Korean business executive (d. 2018)
• February 12
  • Luiz Carlos Alborghetti, Italian-Brazilian radio commenter, showman and political figure (d. 2009)
  • Maud Adams, Swedish actress
  • David D. Friedman, American economist
• February 13 – Simon Schama, English historian
• February 14
  • Adiss Harmandian, Lebanese-Armenian pop singer (d. 2019)
  • Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein
• February 15 – Douglas Hofstadter, American cognitive scientist
• February 17 – Brenda Fricker, Irish actress
• February 18 – Hashem Mahameed, Israeli politician (d. 2018)
• February 22 – Oliver, American singer (Good Morning Starshine) (d. 2000)
• February 24 – Barry Bostwick, American actor
• February 25 – Roy Saari, American swimmer (d. 2008)
• February 26 – Marta Kristen, Norwegian actress (Lost In Space)
• February 27 – Carl Anderson, American singer, actor (Jesus Christ Superstar) (d. 2004)
• February 28
  • Alexey Ekimov, Russian-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • Bubba Smith, American football player and actor (d. 2011)

March

• March 1 – Dirk Benedict, American actor
• March 3 – George Miller, Australian film director
• March 4
  • Dieter Meier, Swiss singer, writer
  • Tommy Svensson, Swedish football manager, player
• March 7 – Arthur Lee, American musician (d. 2006)
• March 8
  • Micky Dolenz, American actor, director and rock musician (The Monkees)
  • Anselm Kiefer, German painter
• March 9
  • Katja Ebstein, German singer
  • Dennis Rader, American serial killer
• March 10 – Nobuhiko Higashikuni, Japanese Imperial prince (d. 2019)
• March 13
  • Othman Abdullah, Malaysian footballer (d. 2015)
  • Anatoly Fomenko, Russian mathematician
• March 14 – Michael Martin Murphey, American country singer-songwriter
• March 17
  • Hassan Bechara, Lebanese wrestler (d. 2017)
  • Katri Helena, Finnish singer
• March 18
  • Michael Reagan, American television personality, political commentator and Republican strategist
  • Marta Suplicy, Brazilian politician and psychologist
• March 20
  • Jay Ingram, Canadian television host, author and journalist
  • Bobby Jameson, American singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
  • Pat Riley, American basketball coach
• March 21 – Charles Greene, American Olympic athlete (d. 2022)
• March 26 – Mikhail Voronin, Russian gymnast (d. 2004)
• March 27 – Władysław Stachurski, Polish football player, manager (d. 2013)
• March 28
  • Rodrigo Duterte, 16th President of the Philippines
  • Raine Loo, Estonian actress
• March 29
  • Walt Frazier, African-American basketball player
  • Willem Ruis, Dutch game show host (d. 1986)
• March 30 – Eric Clapton, English rock guitarist
• March 31
  • Nana Ampadu, Ghanaian musician (d. 2021)
  • Edwin Catmull, American computer scientist, President of Walt Disney Animation Studios

April

• April 2 – Linda Hunt, American actress
• April 4 – Daniel Cohn-Bendit, French political activist
• April 5
  • Cem Karaca, Turkish musician (d. 2004)
  • Tommy Smith, English footballer (d. 2019)
• April 12 – Lee Jong-wook, South Korean Director-General of the World Health Organization (d. 2006)
• April 13
  • Lucha Corpi, Mexican poet
  • Tony Dow, American actor, producer and director (d. 2022)
  • Lowell George, American rock musician (Little Feat) (d. 1979)
• April 14
  • Ritchie Blackmore, English rock guitarist
  • Tuilaʻepa Saʻilele Malielegaoi, 6th Prime Minister of Samoa
• April 20 – Naftali Temu, Kenyan Olympic long-distance runner (d. 2003)
• April 21 – Ana Lúcia Torre, Brazilian actress
• April 24 – Larry Tesler, American computer scientist (cut, copy, paste) (d. 2020)
• April 25 – Björn Ulvaeus, Swedish rock songwriter (ABBA)
• April 29 – Tammi Terrell, African-American soul singer (d. 1970)
• April 30 – Lara Saint Paul, Eritrean-born Italian singer (d. 2018)

May

• May 1 – Rita Coolidge, American pop singer
• May 3 – Jeffrey C. Hall, American geneticist and chronobiologist, Nobel Prize laureate
• May 4
  • David Magson, mathematician and businessman
  • Narasimhan Ram, Indian journalist
• May 6 – Bob Seger, American rock singer
• May 7 – Robin Strasser, American actress
• May 8 – Keith Jarrett, American musician
• May 9 – Jupp Heynckes, German footballer and manager
• May 13 – Tammam Salam, 34th Prime Minister of Lebanon
• May 14 – Yochanan Vollach, Israeli footballer and president of Maccabi Haifa, CEO
• May 15 – Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza, heir to the Portuguese crown
• May 17 – Tony Roche, Australian tennis player
• May 19 – Pete Townshend, English rock guitarist, lyricist (The Who)
• May 20 – Anton Zeilinger, Austrian quantum physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• May 21
  • Richard Hatch, American actor (Battlestar Galactica) (d. 2017)
  • Ernst Messerschmid, German physicist, astronaut
• May 22 – Victoria Wyndham, American actress (Another World)
• May 23
  • Lauren Chapin, American child actress, evangelist
  • Doris Mae Oulton, Canadian community developer
• May 24 – Priscilla Presley, American actress, businesswoman
• May 28
  • Patch Adams, American physician, comedian, social activist, clown and author
  • John Fogerty, American rock singer (Creedence Clearwater Revival)
• May 29
  • Gary Brooker, English rock keyboardist and singer-songwriter (Procol Harum) (d. 2022)
  • Jean-Pierre Van Rossem, Belgian businessman, fraudster and politician (d. 2018)
• May 30
  • Andrea Bronfman, American philanthropist (d. 2006)
  • Gladys Horton, American singer (The Marvelettes) (d. 2011)
• May 31
  • Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German film director (d. 1982)
  • Laurent Gbagbo, President of Côte d'Ivoire

June

• June 1 – Frederica von Stade, American mezzo-soprano
• June 2 – Jon Peters, American film producer
• June 3 – Hale Irwin, American professional golfer
• June 4 – Anthony Braxton, American composer and musical instrumentalist
• June 5
  • John Carlos, American athlete
  • Théophile Georges Kassab, Catholic prelate (d. 2013)
  • Nechama Rivlin, Israeli socialite, 10th First lady of Israel (d. 2019)
• June 6 – David Dukes, American actor (d. 2000)
• June 7 – Wolfgang Schüssel, Chancellor of Austria
• June 9 – Nike Wagner, German woman of the theater
• June 10 – Benny Gallagher, Scottish singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist, half of duo Gallagher and Lyle
• June 11 – Adrienne Barbeau, American actress, television personality and author (Maude)
• June 12 – Pat Jennings, Northern Irish footballer
• June 14 – Jörg Immendorff, German painter
• June 15
  • Françoise Chandernagor, French writer
  • Miriam Defensor Santiago, Filipino politician (b. 2016)
• June 16
  • Claire Alexander, Canadian ice hockey player
  • Ivan Lins, Latin Grammy-winning Brazilian musician
• June 17
  • P. D. T. Acharya, Secretary General, Indian Lok Sabha
  • Art Bell, American radio talk show host (Coast to Coast AM) (d. 2018)
  • Ken Livingstone, British politician
  • Eddy Merckx, Belgian cyclist
• June 19
  • Radovan Karadžić, Serbian politician
  • Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar politician and poet, Nobel Peace Prize recipient
• June 20 – Anne Murray, Canadian singer
• June 21
  • Roberto D'Angelo, Italian slalom canoeist
  • Luis Castañeda Lossio, Peruvian politician
  • Thiagarajan, Indian actor, director and producer
  • Nirmalendu Goon, Bangladeshi poet
  • Marijana Lubej, Slovenian sprinter
• June 22
  • Juma Kapuya, Tanzanian politician
  • Dieter Versen, German football defender
• June 23
  • Ana Chumachenco, Italian violinist
  • Kim Småge, Norwegian novelist, crime fiction writer, writer of short stories and children's writer
• June 24
  • George Pataki, Governor of New York
  • Betty Stöve, Dutch tennis player
  • Ali Akbar Velayati, Iranian physician, politician
• June 25
  • Lali Armengol, Spanish playwright, professor and theater director
  • Mohammed Bakar, Malaysian footballer
  • Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick, American politician
  • Baba Gana Kingibe, Nigerian politician
  • Guillermo Mendoza, Mexican cyclist
  • Chaiyasit Shinawatra, commander-in-chief of the Royal Thai Army
• June 26 – Paul Chun, Hong Kong actor
• June 27
  • Jose Miguel Arroyo, First Gentleman of the Philippines
  • Ami Ayalon, Israeli politician
  • Norma Kamali, American fashion designer
  • Catherine Lacoste, French amateur golfer
  • Lu Sheng-yen, Taiwanese leader of the True Buddha School
• June 28
  • Ken Buchanan, Scottish undisputed world lightweight boxing champion (d. 2023)
  • Raul Seixas, Brazilian rock singer (d. 1989)
• June 29 – Chandrika Kumaratunga, 5th President of Sri Lanka
• June 30
  • Kevin Jackman, Australian rules footballer
  • Jerry Kenney, American Major League Baseball infielder
  • Sean Scully, Irish-American-based painter, printmaker
  • James Snyder Jr., American author, attorney and politician

July

• July 1
  • Jane Cederqvist, Swedish freestyle swimmer
  • Visu, Indian writer, director, stage, actor and talk-show host (d. 2020)
  • Billy Rohr, American Major League Baseball player
  • Debbie Harry, American rock singer (Blondie)
• July 2 – Linda Warren, American author
• July 3 – Thomas Mapfumo, Zimbabwean musician
• July 4
  • Tiong Thai King, Malaysian politician
  • Steinar Amundsen, Norwegian sprint canoeist
• July 5
  • Nurul Islam Nahid, Bangladeshi politician
  • Miroslav Mišković, Serbian business magnate, investor
• July 6 – Burt Ward, American actor (Batman)
• July 7
  • Heloísa Pinheiro, Brazilian model, businesswoman
  • Moncef Marzouki, Tunisian politician; 4th President of Tunisia
  • Li Chi-an, North Korean football striker
  • Matti Salminen, Finnish bass singer
• July 8 – Micheline Calmy-Rey, Swiss Federal Councilor
• July 9
  • Dean Koontz, American writer
  • Mohammad Reza Nematzadeh, Iranian politician, engineer
• July 10
  • Zlatko Tomčić, Croatian politician
  • Daniel Ona Ondo, Gabonese politician
  • Virginia Wade, English professional tennis player
  • Ron Glass, African-American actor (d. 2016)
• July 11 – Richard Wesley, American playwright, screenwriter
• July 12
  • Leopoldo Mastelloni, Italian actor, comedian and singer
  • Thor Martinsen, Norwegian ice hockey player
• July 14 – Antun Vujić, Croatian politician, philosopher, political analyst, lexicographer and author
• July 15
  • Hong Ra-hee, South Korean billionaire businesswoman, philanthropist
  • Jürgen Möllemann, German politician (d. 2003)
  • Jan-Michael Vincent, American actor (d. 2019)
• July 16
  • Victor Sloan, Irish artist
  • Çetin Tekindor, Turkish actor
  • Roy Ho Ten Soeng, Dutch politician
  • Jos Stelling, Dutch film director, screenwriter
• July 17
  • Eduardo Olivera, Mexican modern pentathlete
  • Kim Won-hong, North Korean politician, military leader
  • Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia
• July 19
  • Oleg Fotin, Russian swimmer
  • Richard Henderson, Scottish molecular biologist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • Uri Rosenthal, Dutch politician
• July 20
  • Kim Carnes, American singer-songwriter (Bette Davis Eyes)
  • Lothar Koepsel, German sailor
  • Simbarashe Mumbengegwi, Zimbabwean politician and diplomat
• July 21
  • John Lowe, English darts player
  • Barry Richards, South African batsman
• July 23 – Edie McClurg, American actress
• July 24 – Azim Premji, Indian businessman
• July 26
  • Helen Mirren, British actress
• July 28 – Jim Davis, American cartoonist (Garfield)
• July 30
  • Patrick Modiano, French novelist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • David Sanborn, American saxophonist (d. 2024)

August

• August 1 – Douglas Osheroff, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• August 4 – Alan Mulally, American businessman, CEO of the Ford Motor Company
• August 5 – Loni Anderson, American actress (WKRP in Cincinnati)
• August 9 – Posy Simmonds, English cartoonist
• August 12
  • Ron Mael, American musician (Sparks)
  • J. D. McClatchy, American poet and literary critic (d. 2018)
• August 14
  • Steve Martin, American actor and comedian
  • Valeriy Shmarov, Ukrainian politician (d. 2018)
  • Eliana Pittman, Brazilian singer, actress
  • Faustin Twagiramungu, Prime Minister of Rwanda (d. 2023)
  • Wim Wenders, German film director, producer
• August 15
  • Bobby Treviño, Mexican baseball player (d. 2018)
  • Miyuki Matsuhisa, Japanese artistic gymnast
  • Khaleda Zia, Bangladesh politician, Prime Minister of Bangladesh
• August 19 – Ian Gillan, English rock singer (Deep Purple)
• August 22
  • David Chase, American writer, director and television producer
  • Ron Dante, American rock singer-songwriter and record producer (The Archies)
• August 24 – Vincent K. "Vince" McMahon, American professional wrestling promoter, chairman and CEO of WWE
• August 25 – Daniel Hulet, Belgian cartoonist (d. 2011)
• August 26 – Tom Ridge, American politician
• August 27 – Marianne Sägebrecht, German film actress
• August 29
  • Alyosha Abrahamyan, Armenian football player (d. 2018)
  • Wyomia Tyus, American Olympic athlete
• August 31
  • Sir Van Morrison, Irish rock musician
  • Itzhak Perlman, Israeli-born American violinist, conductor

September

Franz Beckenbauer

• September 1 – Mustafa Balel, Turkish writer
• September 5
  • K. N. T. Sastry, Indian film critic, director and writer (d. 2018)
  • Al Stewart, Scottish singer-songwriter (Year of the Cat)
• September 6 – Victor Ramahatra, 5th Prime Minister of Madagascar
• September 7 – Jacques Lemaire, Canadian ice hockey coach
• September 8
  • Ron "Pigpen" McKernan, American musician (Grateful Dead) (d. 1973)
  • Rogatien Vachon, Canadian ice hockey player
• September 10 – José Feliciano, Puerto Rican-American singer ("Feliz Navidad")
• September 11 – Franz Beckenbauer, German footballer and manager (d. 2024)
• September 12 – Richard Thaler, American economist
• September 14 – Benjamin Harjo Jr., Native American artist
• September 15 – Jessye Norman, American soprano (d. 2019)
• September 16 – Pat Stevens, American voice actress (d. 2010)
• September 17
  • Phil Jackson, American basketball coach
  • Bruce Spence, Australian actor
• September 18
  • John McAfee, British-American computer programmer and businessman (d. 2021)
  • P. F. Sloan, American singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
• September 21
  • Shaw Clifton, Northern Ireland-born General of the Salvation Army
  • Kay Ryan, American poet
• September 22 – Gonzaguinha, Brazilian singer, composer (d. 1991)
• September 24 – John Rutter, English choral composer, conductor
• September 26 – Bryan Ferry, English singer-songwriter and musician (Roxy Music)
• September 27 – Jack Goldstein, Canadian artist (d. 2003)
• September 29 – Nadezhda Chizhova, Russian athlete
• September 30
  • Ehud Olmert, 12th Prime Minister of Israel
  • Ralph Siegel, German record producer, songwriter

October

• October 1
  • Rod Carew, Panamanian-American baseball player
  • Donny Hathaway, African-American soul singer-songwriter (d. 1979)
  • Ram Nath Kovind, 14th President of India
• October 2
  • Regina Torné, Mexican actress, singer and television presenter
  • Don McLean, American singer-songwriter ("American Pie")
• October 3 – Viktor Saneyev, Soviet athlete and Olympic champion (d. 2022)
• October 6 – Ivan Graziani, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 1997)
• October 9
  • Vijaya Kumaratunga, Sri Lankan actor and politician (d. 1988)
  • Archbishop Nikon of Boston, Albanian bishop (d. 2019)
• October 12
  • Aurore Clément, French actress
  • Dusty Rhodes, American wrestler (d. 2015)
• October 18
  • Norio Wakamoto, Japanese voice actor
  • Yıldo, Turkish showman, footballer
• October 19
  • Angus Deaton, Scottish-born economist, recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
  • John Lithgow, American actor (Third Rock from the Sun)
• October 22 – Yvan Ponton, Canadian actor, sportscaster
• October 23 – Kim Larsen, Danish rock musician (d. 2018)
• October 24
  • Eugenie Scott, American Executive Director of the National Center for Science Education
  • Sean Solomon, American Principal Investigator of NASA's MESSENGER mission to Mercury and director of the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution for Science
• October 25
  • Peter Ledger, Australian artist (d. 1994)
  • David Schramm, American astrophysicist and educator (d. 1997)
  • Keaton Yamada, Japanese voice actor
• October 26
  • Pat Conroy, American author (d. 2016)
  • Jaclyn Smith, American actress, businesswoman (Charlie's Angels)
• October 27
  • Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, 35th President of Brazil
  • Carrie Snodgress, American actress (d. 2004)
• October 29
  • Ching Li, Taiwanese actress (d. 2017)
  • Melba Moore, African-American singer, actress
• October 30 – Henry Winkler, American actor, producer and director (Happy Days)

November

Gerd Müller

• November 3 – Gerd Müller, German footballer (d. 2021)
• November 5 – Jacques Lanctôt, Canadian terrorist
• November 7
  • Bob Englehart, American editorial cartoonist
  • Waljinah, Javanese singer
• November 9 – Charlie Robinson, African-American actor (d. 2021)
• November 10 – Madeleine Juneau, Canadian museologist
• November 11 – Daniel Ortega, 58th and 62nd President of Nicaragua
• November 12 – Neil Young, Canadian singer-songwriter, musician
• November 15 – Anni-Frid Lyngstad, Norwegian-born rock singer (ABBA)
• November 17
  • Elvin Hayes, American basketball player
  • Abdelmadjid Tebboune, President of Algeria
• November 18
  • Wilma Mankiller, Chief of the Cherokee Nation (d. 2010)
  • Mahinda Rajapaksa, Sri Lankan politician, 6th President of Sri Lanka
• November 21 – Goldie Hawn, American actress
  • Kalervo Kummola – Finnish ice hockey executive, businessman, and politician
• November 22 – Kari Tapio, Finnish singer (d. 2010)
• November 23 – Dennis Nilsen, Scottish serial killer (d. 2018)
• November 24 – Nuruddin Farah, Somali novelist
• November 25 – Mary Jo Deschanel, American actress
• November 26 – John McVie, English rock musician (Fleetwood Mac)
• November 27
  • Barbara Anderson, American actress
  • James Avery, African-American actor (d. 2013)
• November 30
  • Roger Glover, English rock musician (Deep Purple)
  • Radu Lupu, Romanian classical pianist (d. 2022)

December

• December 1
  • Lyle Bien, American vice admiral
  • Bette Midler, American actress, comedian and singer
• December 2 – Tex Watson, American multiple murderer, 'Manson Family' member
• December 3 – Bozhidar Dimitrov, Bulgarian historian, politician and polemicist (d. 2018)
• December 4 – Geoff Emerick, English recording engineer (d. 2018)
• December 7 – Clive Russell, English actor
• December 8 – Julie Heldman, American tennis player
• December 11 – Sharafuddin of Selangor, Sultan of Selangor
• December 12
  • René Pétillon, French satirical, political cartoonist (d. 2018)
  • Portia Simpson-Miller, 2-time Prime Minister of Jamaica
  • Kathy Garver, American actress, author and online radio hostess
  • Дональд Пандианган , индонезийский спортсмен по стрельбе из лука (ум. 2008 г. )
  • Хизер Норт , американская актриса (ум. 2017 )
• 15 декабря
  • Майкл Кинг , новозеландский популярный историк, писатель и биограф (ум. 2004 г. )
  • Таао Пенглис , австралийский актер
• 16 декабря — Патти Дойч , американская актриса озвучивания (ум. 2017 ).
• 17 декабря — Эрни Хадсон , афроамериканский актёр.
• 18 декабря — Кэролин Вуд , американская профессиональная пловчиха.
• 19 декабря — Элейн Джойс , американская актриса, участница игрового шоу.
• 20 декабря
  • Питер Крисс , американский рок-барабанщик ( KISS )
  • Сивакант Тивари , старший юрист юридической службы Сингапура (ум. 2010 г. )
• 21 декабря — Мари Лилль , эстонская актриса.
• 22 декабря — Дайан Сойер , американский журналист.
• 23 декабря — Дональд А. Ричи , американский историк.
• 24 декабря
  • Лемми , британский певец, басист ( Motörhead ) (ум. 2015 )
  • Николас Мейер , американский сценарист, продюсер, режиссер и писатель.
  • Шарафуддин Селангорский , султан Селангора
  • Стив Смит , канадский актер, комик и писатель.
• 25 декабря — Ноэль Реддинг , английский музыкант (ум. 2003 ).
• 28 декабря — Бирендра Непалский , король Непала.
• 30 декабря — Дэви Джонс , английский поп-певец, актёр ( «The Monkees ») (ум. в 2012 ).
• 31 декабря
  • Барбара Каррера — американская актриса никарагуанского происхождения.
  • Вернон Уэллс , австралийский актер
  • Конни Уиллис , американская писательница-фантаст.

Летальные исходы

январь

Рикардо Хименес Ореамуно

Эльза Ласкер студентка

• 2 января — сэр Бертрам Рамзи , британский адмирал (р. 1883 ).
• 3 января — Эдгар Кейси , американский мистик (р. 1877 ).
• 4 января — Рикардо Хименес Ореамуно , трёхкратный президент Коста-Рики (р. 1859 ).
• 6 января
  • Хосефа Льянес Эскода женщин , филиппинский защитник избирательного права , основатель организации девочек-скаутов Филиппин (род. 1898 ).
  • Герберт Ламсден , британский генерал (род. 1897 ).
  • Владимир Вернадский , советский минералог, геохимик (род. 1863 ).
• 7 января
  • Александр Стирлинг Колдер , американский скульптор (род. 1870 ).
  • Томас МакГуайр , американский ас-истребитель времен Второй мировой войны (погиб в бою) (р. 1920 )
  • Принц Райнер Саксен-Кобург-Готский (погиб в бою) (р. 1900 )
• 9 января — Юри Улуотс , восьмой премьер-министр Эстонии (р. 1890 ).
• 10 января — Петерис Юрашевскис , восьмой премьер-министр Латвии (р. 1872 ).
• 12 января — Терезио Оливелли , итальянский римско-католический солдат и почтенный (р. 1916 ).
• 15 января — Педро Абад Сантос , филиппинский политик, брат Хосе Абада Сантоса (р. 1876 ).
• 16 января — Хосе Фабелла , филиппинский врач (р. 1889 ).
• 19 января
  • Петар Бойович , сербский фельдмаршал (р. 1858 )
  • Гюстав Месни , генерал французской армии (род. 1886 ).
• 20 января — Федерико Педроччи , итальянский художник, писатель (убит на действительной службе) (р. 1907 ).
• 21 января — сэр Арчибальд Мюррей , генерал британской армии (р. 1860 ).
• 22 января — Эльза Ласкер-Шюлер , немецкая поэтесса, писательница (р. 1869 ).
• 23 января
  • Ойген Больц , немецкий политик, заговорщик 20 июля (казнен) (р. 1881 ).
  • Николаус Гросс , немецкий римско-католический мирянин, мученик и блаженный (р. 1898 ).
  • Ньютон Э. Мейсон , контр-адмирал ВМС США (р. 1850 ).
• 30 января
  • Сэр Уильям Гуденаф , британский адмирал (р. 1867 )
  • Педро Паулет , перуанский учёный (род. 1874 ).
• 31 января — Эдди Словик , американский солдат (казнен за дезертирство) (р. 1920 ).

февраль

Анна Франк

Хосе Мария Монкада

Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy

• Февраль (или март) — Анна Франк , еврейская писательница немецкого происхождения, писательница (сыпной тиф в концлагере Берген-Бельзен ) (р. 1929 ).
• 1 февраля
  • Иван Багрянов , 30-й премьер-министр Болгарии (казнен) (р. 1891 ).
  • Dobri Bozhilov , 29th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (executed) (b. 1884 )
  • Богдан Филов , болгарский археолог, историк и политик, 28-й премьер-министр Болгарии (казнен) (р. 1883 ).
  • Петар Габровский , исполняющий обязанности премьер-министра Болгарии (казнен) (р. 1898 ).
  • Йохан Хейзинга , голландский историк культуры (род. 1872 ).
  • Князь Кирилл Болгарский (казнен) (р. 1895 )
• 2 февраля
  • Адольф Бранд , немецкий борец за гомосексуализм (жертва авианалета) (р. 1874 )
  • Альфред Дельп , немецкий священник-иезуит и философ немецкого Сопротивления, заговорщик 20 июля (казнен) (р. 1907 )
  • Карл Фридрих Герделер , немецкий политик, государственный служащий, руководитель и экономист, заговорщик 20 июля (казнен) (р. 1884 ).
  • Густав Хайстерман фон Зильберг , немецкий генерал, заговорщик 20 июля (казнен) (р. 1898 )
  • Джо Хант , чемпион Америки по теннису (катастрофа военного самолета) (р. 1919 )
• 3 февраля — Роланд Фрейслер , судья нацистской Германии (жертва авианалета) (р. 1893 ).
• 5 февраля
  • Дениз Блох , французская героиня Второй мировой войны (казнена) (род. 1915 ).
  • Лилиан Рольфе , французская героиня Второй мировой войны (казнена) (род. 1914 ).
  • Виолетта Сабо , французско-британская героиня Второй мировой войны (казнена) (род. 1921 ).
• 6 февраля — Робер Бразильяк , французский писатель (казнен) (р. 1909 ).
• 8 февраля — Робер Малле-Стивенс , французский архитектор, дизайнер (р. 1886 ).
• 11 февраля — Эл Дубин , американский автор песен швейцарского происхождения (р. 1891 ).
• 13 февраля — Мария Ороса , филиппинский технолог, химик, гуманист, героиня Второй мировой войны (жертва авианалёта) (р. 1893 ).
• 18 февраля — Иван Черняховский , советский генерал (умер от ран) (р. 1906 ).
• 19 февраля — Джон Бэзилон , американский герой войны (погиб в бою) (р. 1916 ).
• 21 февраля — Эрик Лидделл , британский олимпийский спортсмен (в лагере для интернированных) (р. 1902 ).
• 22 февраля — Сара Жозефина Бейкер , американский врач (р. 1873 ).
• 23 февраля
  • Хосе Мария Монкада , 19-й президент Никарагуа (р. 1870 )
  • Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoy , Russian writer (b. 1883 )
• 24 февраля — Йозеф Майр-Нуссер , итальянский римско-католический мирянин, мученик и блаженный (р. 1910 ).
• 25 февраля — Марио де Андраде , бразильский писатель, фотограф (р. 1893 ).
• 26 февраля — Миллард Хармон , американский генерал (р. 1888 ).

Маршировать

Дэвид Ллойд Джордж

Ганс Фишер

• 2 марта — Эмили Карр , канадская художница (р. 1871 ).
• 3 марта
  • Георге Аврамеску , румынский генерал (под стражей) (р. 1884 )
  • Александра Самусенко , советский командир танка времен Великой Отечественной войны (умерла от ран) (р. 1922 ).
• 4 марта
  • Люсиль Ла Верн , американская актриса (род. 1872 ).
  • Марк Сэндрич , американский кинорежиссер (род. 1900 ).
• 5 марта — Джордж Васи , австралийский генерал (погиб в авиакатастрофе) (р. 1895 ).
• 12 марта — Фридрих Фромм , немецкий нацистский чиновник (казнен) (р. 1888 ).
• 14 марта — Антонио Франсиско Брага , бразильский композитор (род. 1868 ).
• 15 марта — Сава Каракаш , румынский генерал (р. 1890 ).
• 18 марта — Уильям Гровер-Уильямс , британско-французский автогонщик, герой войны (казнен) (р. 1903 ).
• 19 марта — Марсель Калло , французский римско-католический мирянин, мученик и блаженный (в концлагере) (р. 1921 ).
• 20 марта — лорд Альфред Дуглас , английский поэт (род. 1870 ).
• 22 марта
  • Энрико Кавилья , итальянский маршал (р. 1862 )
  • Генрих Майер , австрийский римско-католический священник и блаженный (р. 1908 ).
  • Такеичи Ниси , золотой медалист Японии по конному спорту (1932), командир танка в битве при Иводзиме (погиб в бою) (р. 1902 ).
• 23 марта — Элизабет де Ротшильд , французская героиня Второй мировой войны (р. 1902 ).
• 26 марта
  • Дэвид Ллойд Джордж , британский политик и государственный деятель, 51-й премьер-министр Соединенного Королевства (род. 1863 ).
  • Тадамичи Курибаяси , генерал Императорской японской армии, командующий в битве при Иводзиме (вероятно, убит в бою) (р. 1891 )
  • Boris Shaposhnikov , Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1882 )
  • Ичимару Тошиносукэ , японский военно-морской летчик, командующий в битве при Иводзиме (род. 1891 ).
• 27 марта — Халид Зия Ушаклыгил , турецкий писатель (р. 1867 ).
• 29 марта — Ференц Чик , венгерский пловец (жертва авианалета) (р. 1913 ).
• 31 марта
  • Ганс Фишер , немецкий химик, лауреат Нобелевской премии (самоубийство) (р. 1881 )
  • Торгни Сегерстедт , редактор шведской газеты, публицист (р. 1876 ).
  • Мария Скобцова , советская православная монахиня и святая (убита ядом) (р. 1891 ).
  • Наталья Туласевич , польская учительница и блаженная католичка (убита в концлагере) (р. 1906 ).

апрель

Франклин Д. Рузвельт

Бенито Муссолини

Адольф Гитлер

• 7 апреля
  • Сэйити Ито , японский адмирал (р. 1890 )
  • Аруга Косаку , японский адмирал (погиб в бою) (р. 1897 )
• 9 апреля
  • Дитрих Бонхеффер , немецкий богослов (казнен) (р. 1906 )
  • Вильгельм Канарис , немецкий адмирал, глава абвера ( казнен) (р. 1887 ).
  • Ханс фон Донаньи , немецкий юрист венгерского происхождения, участник немецкого Сопротивления, заговорщик 20 июля (казнен) (р. 1902 ).
• 10 апреля
  • Глория Диксон , американская актриса (пожарная) (р. 1917 )
  • Хендрик Николаас Веркман , голландский художник и печатник (род. 1882 ).
• 11 апреля — Фредерик Лугард, 1-й барон Лугард , британский колониальный администратор (род. 1858 ).
• 12 апреля — Франклин Д. Рузвельт , американский политический деятель и государственный деятель, 32-й президент США (р. 1882 ).
• 13 апреля — Эрнст Кассирер , немецкий философ (род. 1874 ).
• 15 апреля — Иоахим Альбрехт Эггелинг , немецкий генерал СС (самоубийца) (р. 1884 ).
• 18 апреля
  • Сэр Амброуз Флеминг , британский инженер-электрик и физик (род. 1849 ).
  • Эрни Пайл , американский журналист (погиб в бою) (р. 1900 )
  • Уильям, принц Албании (р. 1876 )
• 21 апреля — Вальтер Модель , немецкий фельдмаршал (самоубийца) (р. 1891 ).
• 22 апреля — Кете Кольвиц , немецкая художница (р. 1867 ).
• 23 апреля — Клаус Бонхеффер , немецкий боец ​​сопротивления, 20 июля Плоттер (казнен) (р. 1901 ).
• 24 апреля — Эрнст-Роберт Гравитц , немецкий рейхсврач СС (самоубийца) (р. 1899 ).
• 28 апреля
  • Выполнено:
    • Герман Фегелейн , немецкий генерал СС (р. 1906 ).
    • Бенито Муссолини , итальянский политик, журналист, 27-й премьер-министр Италии и дуче фашизма (р. 1883 ).
    • Клара Петаччи , любовница Бенито Муссолини (р. 1912 )
    • Никола Бомбаччи , итальянский фашистский политик (род. 1879 ).
    • Роберто Фариначчи , итальянский фашистский политик (род. 1892 ).
    • Алессандро Паволини , итальянский фашистский политик (род. 1903 ).
• 29 апреля — Ахилле Стараче , итальянский фашистский политик (казнен) (р. 1889 ).
• 30 апреля
  • Луиза Ферида , итальянская актриса (казнена) (р. 1914 )
  • Адольф Гитлер , немецкий политик австрийского происхождения, фюрер Германии (самоубийство) (р. 1889 )
  • Ева Браун , жена Адольфа Гитлера (самоубийство) (р. 1912 )

Может

Йозеф Геббельс

Принц Вальдемар Прусский

Принц Канин Котохито

• 1 мая
  • Йозеф Геббельс , канцлер Германии на 1 день и рейхсминистр пропаганды (самоубийство) (р. 1897 )
  • Магда Геббельс , жена Йозефа Геббельса (самоубийство) (р. 1901 )
• 2 мая
  • Мартин Борман , лидер нацистской партии и личный секретарь Адольфа Гитлера (предположительно покончил жизнь самоубийством) (р. 1900 )
  • Вильгельм Бургдорф , немецкий генерал (самоубийство) (р. 1895 )
  • Ганс Кребс , немецкий генерал (самоубийство) (р. 1898 )
  • Принц Вальдемар Прусский (гемофилия) (р. 1889 )
• 3 мая — Марио Блазич , итальянский врач, политик (р. 1878 ).
• 4 мая — Федор фон Бок , немецкий фельдмаршал (р. 1880 ).
• 6 мая — Кхем Хаса , албанский националист (р. 1908 ).
• 7 мая — Владимир Боярский , офицер Советской Армии (р. 1901 ).
• 8 мая
  • Фрэнсис Брюгьер , американский фотограф (род. 1875 ).
  • Юлиус Хирш , немецкий футболист (убит в концлагере Освенцим) (р. 1892 ).
  • Вильгельм Редисс , руководитель СС и полиции оккупированной нацистами Норвегии (самоубийство) (р. 1900 )
  • Бернхард Руст , министр образования нацистской Германии (предположительно самоубийца) (р. 1883 )
  • Йозеф Тербовен , рейхскомиссар оккупированной нацистами Норвегии (самоубийство) (р. 1898 )
• 9 мая — Густав Бекинг , немецкий музыковед (р. 1894 ).
• 10 мая — Конрад Генлейн , лидер судетских немецких нацистов (самоубийство) (р. 1898 ).
• 11 мая — Киёси Огава , японский -камикадзе летчик (р. 1922 ).
• 14 мая
  • Жозеф Бартелеми , французский юрист, политик и журналист (род. 1874 ).
  • Хибер Дж. Грант , седьмой президент Церкви Иисуса Христа Святых последних дней (род. 1856 г. )
• 15 мая
  • Кеннет Дж. Алфорд , британский солдат и композитор (род. 1881 ).
  • Чарльз Уильямс , британский писатель (р. 1886 )
• 16 мая — Кадзю Сугиура , японский адмирал (погиб в бою) (р. 1896 ).
• 18 мая — Уильям Джозеф Симмонс , американский основатель второго Ку-клукс-клана (р. 1880 ).
• 19 мая — Филипп Булер , немецкий нацистский лидер и генерал (самоубийство) (р. 1899 ).
• 21 мая — принц Канин Котохито , японский принц, член Управления Генерального штаба Императорской армии Японии (р. 1865 ).
• 23 мая — Генрих Гиммлер , немецкий политик, рейхсфюрер СС (самоубийство) (р. 1900 ).
• 24 мая — Роберт Риттер фон Грайм , немецкий фельдмаршал (самоубийца) (р. 1892 ).
• 25 мая
  • Рафаэль Эстрелла Уренья , доминиканский юрист и политик, исполняющий обязанности президента Доминиканской Республики (р. 1889 ).
  • Исии Кикуджиро , японский дипломат и политик (погиб в результате бомбардировки) (р. 1866 )
• 31 мая
  • Одило Глобочник , австрийский нацистский лидер (самоубийство) (р. 1904 )
  • Курт фон Готтберг , немецкий генерал СС (самоубийство) (р. 1896 )

Июнь

Луис Фернандо Орлеанский и Бурбонский

• 4 июня — Георг Кайзер , немецкий драматург (р. 1878 ).
• 7 июня — Китаро Нисида , японский философ (род. 1870 ).
• 8 июня
  • Робер Деснос , французский поэт, боец ​​сопротивления (тиф) (р. 1900 )
  • Карл Ханке , немецкий нацистский генерал и последний рейхсфюрер СС (убит) (р. 1903 )
• 11 июня — Лурана В. Шелдон , американский писатель и редактор (род. 1862 ).
• 13 июня — Минору Ота , японский адмирал (самоубийство) (р. 1891 ).
• 15 июня
  • Карл Густав Экман , премьер-министр Швеции (р. 1872 )
  • Амели Ривс Трубецкой , американская писательница (род. 1863 ).
  • Арис Велучиотис , лидер греческого сопротивления времен Второй мировой войны (род. 1905 ).
• 16 июня
  • Николай Берзарин , генерал Советской Красной Армии (р. 1904 ).
  • Нильс Эден , 15-й премьер-министр Швеции (р. 1871 )
• 18 июня
  • Флоренс Баском , американский геолог и педагог (род. 1862 ).
  • Саймон Боливар Бакнер младший , американский генерал (погиб в бою на Окинаве ) (р. 1886 )
  • Фридрих, принц Вид , немецкий принц (р. 1872 )
• 20 июня
  • Роберт Крю-Милнс, 1-й маркиз Крю , британский политик (р. 1858 )
  • Луис Фернандо де Орлеан-и-Борбон , испанский принц (род. 1888 )
• 22 июня
  • Исаму Чо , японский генерал (ритуальное самоубийство) (р. 1895 )
  • Мицуру Усиджима , японский генерал (ритуальное самоубийство) (р. 1887 )
• 24 июня — Хосе Гутьеррес Солана , испанский художник (р. 1886 ).
• 27 июня — Эмиль Гаха , третий президент Чехословакии , государственный президент протектората Богемия и Моравия (р. 1872 ).
• 30 июня
  • Гермоген (Максимов) , митрополит Русской Православной Церкви (род. 1861 ).
  • Габриэль Эль-Регистан , советский поэт (род. 1899 ).

Июль

Оскар Р. Бенавидес

• 1 июля — Феликс Эваристо Мехия , доминиканский дипломат, педагог и писатель (род. 1866 ).
• 2 июля — Оскар Р. Бенавидес , перуанский фельдмаршал, дипломат, политик и президент Перу (р. 1876 ).
• 5 июля — Джон Кертин , 14-й премьер-министр Австралии (р. 1885 ).
• 7 июля — Петр То Рот , папуасский римско-католический мирянин, мученик и блаженный (р. 1912 ).
• 9 июля — Луиджи Альдрованди Марескотти , итальянский политик, дипломат (р. 1876 ).
• 12 июля
  • Борис Галеркин , русский математик (род. 1871 ).
  • Вольфрам фон Рихтгофен , немецкий фельдмаршал (опухоль головного мозга) (р. 1895 )
• 13 июля — Алла Назимова , американская актриса русского происхождения (р. 1879 ).
• 17 июля — Эрнст Буш , немецкий фельдмаршал, в плену (р. 1885 ).
• 20 июля — Поль Валери , французский поэт (род. 1871 ).
• 24 июля — Арнольд фон Винклер , немецкий генерал (р. 1856 ).
• 25 июля — Малин Крейг , генерал армии США (р. 1875 ).
• 28 июля — Марго Асквит, графиня Оксфорд и Асквит (род. 1864 ).
• 29 июля — Мария Пьерина Де Микели , итальянская римско-католическая религиозная сестра, мистическая и блаженная (р. 1890 ).
• 31 июля — Артемио Рикарте , филиппинский генерал (р. 1866 ).

Август

Флоренсио Хармодио Аросемена

• 1 августа — Блас Кабрера Фелипе , испанский физик (род. 1878 ).
• 2 августа — Пьетро Масканьи , итальянский композитор (род. 1863 ).
• 3 августа — Роман Кохановский , польский художник, иллюстратор (р. 1857 ).
• 4 августа — Герхард Генцен , немецкий математик и логик (голод в лагере) (р. 1909 ).
• 5 августа — Нат Джаффе , американский свинг-джазовый пианист (р. 1918 ).
• 8 августа — Жозеф Пюжоль, Ле Петоман , французский флатулист (род. 1857 ).
• 7 августа — Жак Вайан де Гелис , британско-французский герой Второй мировой войны (травмы, полученные в автокатастрофе) (р. 1907 ).
• 9 августа
  • Гарри Хиллман , американский легкоатлет (род. 1881 ).
  • Дзюн Тосака , японский философ (в тюрьме) (р. 1900 )
• 10 августа — Роберт Х. Годдард , американский учёный-ракетчик (р. 1882 ).
• 12 августа — Карл Лейснер , немецкий римско-католический священник и блаженный (р. 1915 ).
• 15 августа
  • Коречика Анами , японский генерал (ритуальное самоубийство) (р. 1887 )
  • Матоме Угаки , японский адмирал (погиб в бою) (р. 1890 )
• 16 августа — Такидзиро Ониси , японский адмирал (ритуальное самоубийство) (р. 1891 ).
• 18 августа
  • Субхас Чандра Бос , лидер Индийской национальной армии (ожоги третьей степени в результате авиакатастрофы) (р. 1897 )
  • Сарала Деви Чаудхурани , индийский педагог (род. 1872 ).
• 24 августа — Сидзуичи Танака , японский генерал (самоубийца) (р. 1887 ).
• 25 августа — Уиллис Огастес Ли , американский адмирал, олимпийский стрелок (р. 1888 ).
• 26 августа
  • Пио Колливадино , аргентинский художник (род. 1869 ).
  • Франц Верфель , австрийский писатель (род. 1890 ).
• 27 августа — Блаженная Мария Пилар Искьердо Альберо , испанская римско-католическая исповедница (род. 1906 ).
• 29 августа — Фриц Пфлеймер , немецкий инженер, изобретатель (р. 1881 ).
• 30 августа — Флоренс Хармодио Аросемена , шестой президент Панамы (р. 1872 ).
• 31 августа
  • Стефан Банах , польский математик (род. 1892 ).
  • Папа Александрийский Макарий III , египетский патриарх, святой (род. 1872 ).

Сентябрь

Бела Барток

• 6 сентября
  • Витольд Леон Чарторыйский , польский дворянин (р. 1864 )
  • Джон С. Маккейн старший , американский адмирал (р. 1884 )
• 9 сентября — Оге Бертельсен , датский художник (р. 1873 ).
• 12 сентября — Хадзимэ Сугияма , японский генерал (самоубийца) (р. 1880 ).
• 15 сентября
  • Рихард Фридрих Иоганнес Пфайффер , немецкий врач и бактериолог (род. 1858 ).
  • Андре Тардье , трёхкратный премьер-министр Франции (род. 1876 ).
  • Антон Веберн , австрийский композитор (р. 1883 )
  • Чжан Минци , политик династии Цин (р. 1875 )
• 16 сентября — Джон МакКормак , ирландский тенор (род. 1884 ).
• 18 сентября
  • Хосе Агрипино Барнет , кубинский политик и дипломат, исполняющий обязанности президента Кубы (род. 1864 ).
  • Слепой Уилли Джонсон , американский певец госпел-блюза (род. 1897 ).
• 20 сентября
  • Аугусто Тассо Фрагосо , бразильский солдат, государственный деятель и временный президент Бразилии (р. 1869 ).
  • Эдуард Виртс , немецкий врач, главный врач СС в концлагере Освенцим (самоубийство) (р. 1909 )
• 24 сентября — Ганс Гейгер , немецкий физик, изобретатель (р. 1882 ).
• 26 сентября
  • Бела Барток , венгерский композитор (род. 1881 ).
  • Киёси Мики , японский философ (род. 1897 ).

Октябрь

Пьер Лаваль

• 1 октября — Уолтер Брэдфорд Кэннон , американский физиолог (р. 1871 ).
• 6 октября — Леонардо Конти , немецкий врач, нацистский офицер (самоубийца) (р. 1900 ).
• 8 октября — Феликс Зальтен , австрийский писатель (род. 1869 ).
• 10 октября — Жозеф Дарнан , французский политик Виши (казнен) (р. 1897 ).
• Октябрь 12 – Дмитрий Антонов , Советский политический (b. 1877 )
• 13 октября — Милтон С. Херши , американский шоколадный магнат (р. 1857 ).
• 15 октября — Пьер Лаваль , французский политик, двукратный премьер-министр Франции (казнен) (р. 1883 ).
• 18 октября — Фредерик Хови , американский теннисист (р. 1868 ).
• 19 октября
  • Плутарко Элиас Кальес , мексиканский генерал, политик и 40-й президент Мексики (род. 1877).
  • Н. К. Уайет , американский иллюстратор (род. 1882 ).
• 21 октября
  • Генри Арметта , итальянский актёр (род. 1888 ).
  • Фелиция Борткявичене , литовский политик и издатель (род. 1873 ).
• 24 октября
  • Франклин Кармайкл , канадский художник-пейзажист и графический дизайнер (род. 1890 ).
  • Видкун Квислинг , норвежский нацистский пособник (казнен) (р. 1887 )
• 25 октября — Роберт Лей , немецкий нацистский политик (самоубийство) (р. 1890 ).
• 26 октября
  • Адольф фон Брудерманн , австро-венгерский генерал (род. 1854 ).
  • Поль Пеллио , французский исследователь (род. 1878 ).
• 30 октября — Сянь Синхай , китайский композитор (р. 1905 ).
• 31 октября
  • Генри Эйнли , британский актёр (род. 1879 ).
  • Игнасио Сулоага , баскский испанский художник (род. 1870 ).

ноябрь

Сигурдур Эггерз

• 8 ноября — Август фон Макензен , немецкий фельдмаршал (р. 1849 ).
• 11 ноября — Джером Керн , американский композитор (род. 1885 ).
• 13 ноября — сэр Эдвин Александр-Синклер , британский адмирал (р. 1865 ).
• 16 ноября — Сигурдур Эггерз , министр Исландии во время Первой мировой войны и второй премьер-министр Исландии (р. 1875 ).
• 17 ноября — Фридрих Франциск IV, великий герцог Мекленбург-Шверинский (р. 1882 ).
• 20 ноября — Фрэнсис Уильям Астон , британский химик, Нобелевской премии лауреат (р. 1877 ).
• 21 ноября
  • Роберт Бенчли , американский юморист, театральный критик и актёр (род. 1889 ).
  • Эллен Глазго , американская писательница (род. 1873 ).
  • Александр Патч , генерал-лейтенант армии США, командующий армией времен Второй мировой войны (род. 1889 ).
  • Джимми Куинн , шотландский футболист (род. 1878 ).
• 23 ноября — Чарльз Коборн , британский певец (р. 1852 ).
• 27 ноября — Хосеп Мария Серт , испанский каталонский художник-монументалист (р. 1874 ).
• 28 ноября — Дуайт Ф. Дэвис , американский теннисист (р. 1879 ).
• 30 ноября — Сигэру Хондзё , японский генерал (самоубийца) (р. 1876 ).

декабрь

Джордж С. Паттон

• 1 декабря — Антон Достлер , немецкий генерал (р. 1891 ).
• 4 декабря
  • Томас Хант Морган , американский биолог, генетик, эмбриолог, лауреат Нобелевской премии по физиологии (род. 1866 ).
  • Рихард Вайс , венгерский олимпийский чемпион по борьбе (р. 1879 ).
• 5 декабря — Космо Гордон Лэнг , архиепископ Кентерберийский (р. 1864 ).
• 8 декабря — Габриэллино Д’Аннунцио , итальянский актёр, режиссёр и сценарист (р. 1886 ).
• 12 декабря — принц Фредерик Шаумбург-Липпе (р. 1868 ).
• 13 декабря
  • Хуана Борман , немецкого нацистского концлагеря охранница (казнена) (р. 1893 )
  • Анри Денц , французский генерал (род. 1881 ).
  • Ирма Грезе , немецкая надзирательница концлагеря Берген-Бельзен (казнена) (р. 1923 )
  • Йозеф Крамер , немецкий комендант концлагеря Берген-Бельзен (казнен) (р. 1906 )
  • Элизабет Фолькенрат , немецкая надзирательница нацистских концентрационных лагерей (казнена) (р. 1919 )
• 14 декабря — Форрестер Харви , ирландский актёр (р. 1884 ).
• 16 декабря
  • Джованни Аньелли , итальянский предприниматель, основатель компании Fiat (род. 1866 ).
  • Фумимаро Коноэ , японский генерал, политик и 23-й премьер-министр Японии (род. 1891 ).
• 19 декабря — Леонард Ф. Винг , американский генерал и политик (р. 1893 ).
• 21 декабря — Джордж С. Паттон , американский генерал (травма в автокатастрофе) (р. 1885 ).
• 22 декабря — Отто Нейрат , австрийский философ, политэконом (р. 1892 ).
• 26 декабря
  • Дуй Тан , император Вьетнама (р. 1900 )
  • Роджер Киз, 1-й барон Киз , британский адмирал (р. 1872 )
• 28 декабря — Теодор Драйзер , американский писатель (р. 1871 ).

Нобелевские премии

• Физика – Вольфганг Паули
• Химия – Арттури Илмари Виртанен
• Физиология и медицина — сэр Александр Флеминг , Эрнст Чейн , Говард Флори
• Литература – ​​Габриэла Мистраль
• Мир - Корделл Халл

Дальнейшее чтение

• Ян Бурума . Год ноль: История 1945 года (Penguin Press; 2013) 368 страниц; охватывает освобождение, месть, деколонизацию и подъем Организации Объединенных Наций. отрывок
• Международная служба новостей, это произошло в 1945 году. Основной ежегодник (1946).
• Кейт Лоу. Дикий континент: Европа после Второй мировой войны (2012) отрывок и текстовый поиск
• Макданнальд, изд. События Americana Annual 1946 (1946) 1945 года онлайн ; ежегодник энциклопедии, глобальное освещение, 950 стр.
• Уолтер Юст, изд. 10 насыщенных событиями лет, 1937–1946 гг. , Чикаго: Британская энциклопедия, 1947, 4 тома, ежегодник энциклопедии онлайн .