Береговая охрана США

Береговая охрана США
Печать береговой охраны США
Основан	28 января 1915 г. ( 1915-01-28 ) (как текущая служба) 4 августа 1790 г. ( 1790-08-04 ) (как налоговая служба )
Страна	Соединенные Штаты
Тип	Береговая охрана
Роль	Безопасность портов и водных путей Запрет на наркотики Средства навигации Search and rescue Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing Marine safety Defense readiness Migrant interdiction Marine environmental protection Ice operations Правоохранительные органы
Size	40,558 active duty personnel 7,724 reserve personnel 21,000 auxiliarists 8,577 civilian personnel (as of 2020)
Part of	United States Armed Forces Department of Homeland Security
Headquarters	Douglas A. Munro Coast Guard Headquarters Building, Washington, D.C., U.S.
Nickname(s)	"Coasties" "The Guard"
Motto(s)	Semper Paratus Always ready
Colors	CG Red, CG Blue, White
March	"Semper Paratus"
Anniversaries	4 August
Equipment	List of U.S. Coast Guard equipment
Engagements	show See list Quasi-War War of 1812 Seminole Wars West Indies Anti-Piracy Operations African Anti-Slavery Operations Mexican–American War American Civil War Spanish–American War World War I World War II Korean War Vietnam War Invasion of Grenada Invasion of Panama Persian Gulf War Operation Uphold Democracy Kosovo War War in Afghanistan Iraq War Operation Inherent Resolve
Website	uscg.mil gocoastguard.com
Commanders
Commander-in-Chief	President Joe Biden
Secretary of Homeland Security	Alejandro Mayorkas
Commandant	ADM Linda L. Fagan
Vice Commandant	ADM Kevin E. Lunday
Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard	MCPOCG Heath B. Jones
Insignia
Ensign
Service mark
Flag
Jack
Wordmark

( Береговая охрана США USCG ) — морской безопасности , поисково-спасательных и правоохранительных органов подразделение службы . Вооружённых сил США страны и одна из восьми силовых структур . Эта служба представляет собой морскую, военную, многоцелевую службу, уникальную среди родов войск США, поскольку входит миссия по обеспечению соблюдения морских законов с юрисдикцией как во внутренних, так и в международных водах , а также миссия федерального регулирующего органа в ее обязанности . Это крупнейшая береговая охрана в мире, конкурирующая по возможностям и размерам с большинством военно-морских сил .

The U.S. Coast Guard is a humanitarian and security service. It protects the United States' borders and economic and security interests abroad; and defends its sovereignty by safeguarding sea lines of communication and commerce across U.S. territorial waters and its Exclusive Economic Zone. Due to ever-expanding risk imposed by transnational threats through the maritime and cyber domains, the U.S. Coast Guard is at any given time deployed to and operating on all seven continents and in cyberspace to enforce its mission. Like its United States Navy sibling, the U.S. Coast Guard maintains a global presence with permanently-assigned personnel throughout the world and forces routinely deploying to both littoral and blue-water regions. The U.S. Coast Guard's adaptive, multi-mission "white hull" fleet is leveraged as a force of both diplomatic soft power and humanitarian and security assistance over the more overtly confrontational nature of "gray hulled" warships. As a humanitarian service, it saves tens of thousands of lives a year at sea and in U.S. waters, and provides emergency response and disaster management for a wide range of human-made and natural catastrophic incidents in the U.S. and throughout the world.

The U.S. Coast Guard operates under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security during peacetime. During times of war, it can be transferred in whole or in part to the U.S. Department of the Navy under the Department of Defense by order of the U.S. President or by act of Congress. Prior to its transfer to Homeland Security, it operated under the Department of Transportation from 1967 to 2003 and the Department of the Treasury from its inception until 1967. A congressional authority transfer to the Navy has only happened once: in 1917, during World War I. By the time the U.S. entered World War II in December 1941, the U.S. Coast Guard had already been transferred to the Navy by President Franklin Roosevelt.

Created by Congress as the Revenue-Marine on 4 August 1790 at the request of Alexander Hamilton, it is the oldest continuously operating naval service of the United States. As Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton headed the Revenue-Marine, whose original purpose was collecting customs duties at U.S. seaports. By the 1860s, the service was known as the U.S. Revenue Cutter Service and the term Revenue-Marine gradually fell into disuse.

The modern U.S. Coast Guard was formed by a merger of the U.S. Revenue Cutter Service and the U.S. Life-Saving Service on 28 January 1915, under the Department of the Treasury. In 1939, the U.S. Lighthouse Service was also merged into the U.S. Coast Guard. As one of the country's six armed services, the U.S. Coast Guard has deployed to support and fight every major U.S. war since 1790, from the Quasi-War with France to the Global War on Terrorism.

As of December 2021, the U.S. Coast Guard's authorized force strength is 44,500 active duty personnel and 7,000 reservists. The service's force strength also includes 8,577 full-time civilian federal employees and 31,000 uniformed volunteers of the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary. The service maintains an extensive fleet of roughly 250 coastal and ocean-going cutters, patrol ships, buoy tenders, tugs, and icebreakers; as well as nearly 2,000 small boats and specialized craft. It also maintains an aviation division consisting of more than 200 helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft. While the U.S. Coast Guard is the second smallest of the U.S. military service branches in terms of membership, the service by itself is the world's 12th largest naval force.

Mission

Main article: Missions of the United States Coast Guard

Role

The Coast Guard carries out three basic roles, which are further subdivided into eleven statutory missions. The three roles are:

• Maritime safety
• Maritime security
• Maritime stewardship

With a decentralized organization and much responsibility placed on even the most junior personnel, the Coast Guard is frequently lauded for its quick responsiveness and adaptability in a broad range of emergencies. In a 2005 article in Time magazine following Hurricane Katrina, the author wrote, "the Coast Guard's most valuable contribution to [a military effort when catastrophe hits] may be as a model of flexibility, and most of all, spirit." Wil Milam, a rescue swimmer from Alaska told the magazine, "In the Navy, it was all about the mission. Practicing for war, training for war. In the Coast Guard, it was, take care of our people and the mission will take care of itself."

Missions

The eleven statutory missions as defined by law are divided into homeland security missions and non-homeland security missions:

Non-homeland security missions

• Ice operations, including the International Ice Patrol
• Living marine resources (fisheries law enforcement)
• Marine environmental protection
• Marine safety
• Aids to navigation
• Search and rescue

Homeland security missions

• Defense readiness
• Maritime law enforcement
• Migrant interdiction
• Ports, waterways and coastal security (PWCS)
• Drug interdiction

Search and rescue

The U.S. Coast Guard Search and Rescue (CG-SAR) is one of the Coast Guard's best-known operations. The National Search and Rescue Plan designates the Coast Guard as the federal agency responsible for maritime SAR operations, and the United States Air Force as the federal agency responsible for inland SAR. Both agencies maintain rescue coordination centers to coordinate this effort, and have responsibility for both military and civilian search and rescue. The two services jointly provide instructor staff for the National Search and Rescue School that trains SAR mission planners and coordinators. Previously located on Governors Island, New York, the school is now located at Coast Guard Training Center Yorktown at Yorktown, Virginia.

National Response Center

Operated by the Coast Guard, the National Response Center (NRC) is the sole U.S. Government point of contact for reporting all oil, chemical, radiological, biological, and etiological spills and discharges into the environment, anywhere in the United States and its territories. In addition to gathering and distributing spill/incident information for Federal On Scene Coordinators and serving as the communications and operations center for the National Response Team, the NRC maintains agreements with a variety of federal entities to make additional notifications regarding incidents meeting established trigger criteria. The NRC also takes Maritime Suspicious Activity and Security Breach Reports. Details on the NRC organization and specific responsibilities can be found in the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan. The Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE) database system is managed and used by the Coast Guard for tracking pollution and safety incidents in the nation's ports.

National Maritime Center

The National Maritime Center (NMC) is the merchant mariner credentialing authority for the USCG under the auspices of the Department of Homeland Security. To ensure a safe, secure, and environmentally sound marine transportation system, the mission of the NMC is to issue credentials to fully qualified mariners in the United States maritime jurisdiction.

Authority as an armed service

Members of the U.S. Coast Guard Maritime Security Response Team (MSRT) hooking and climbing onto a target to show the skills needed to complete a variety of missions dealing with anti-terrorism, protecting local maritime assets, and harbor and inshore security patrols as well as detecting, stopping, and arresting submerged divers, using the Underwater Port Security System

The six uniformed services that make up the U.S. Armed Forces are defined in Title 10 of the U.S. Code: "The term "armed forces" means the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, Space Force, and Coast Guard." The Coast Guard is further defined by Title 14 of the United States Code: "The Coast Guard as established January 28, 1915, shall be a military service and a branch of the armed forces of the United States at all times. The Coast Guard shall be a service in the Department of Homeland Security, except when operating as a service in the Navy." Coast Guard organization and operation is as set forth in Title 33 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

On 25 November 2002, the Homeland Security Act was signed into law by U.S. President George W. Bush, designating the Coast Guard to be placed under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The transfer of administrative control from the U.S. Department of Transportation to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security was completed the following year, on 1 March 2003.

The U.S. Coast Guard reports directly to the civilian Secretary of Homeland Security. However, under 14 U.S.C. § 3 as amended by section 211 of the Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation Act of 2006, upon the declaration of war and when Congress so directs in the declaration, or when the President directs, the Coast Guard operates under the Department of Defense as a service in the Department of the Navy.

As members of the military, Coast Guardsmen on active and reserve service are subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice and receive the same pay and allowances as members of the same pay grades in the other uniformed services.

The service has participated in every major U.S. conflict from 1790 through today, including landing troops on D-Day and on the Pacific Islands in World War II, in extensive patrols and shore bombardment during the Vietnam War, and multiple roles in Operation Iraqi Freedom. Maritime interception operations, coastal security, transportation security, and law enforcement detachments have been its major roles in recent conflicts in Iraq.

On 17 October 2007, the Coast Guard joined with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps to adopt a new maritime strategy called A Cooperative Strategy for 21st Century Seapower that raised the notion of prevention of war to the same philosophical level as the conduct of war. This new strategy charted a course for the Navy, Coast Guard and Marine Corps to work collectively with each other and international partners to prevent regional crises, man-made or natural, from occurring, or reacting quickly should one occur to avoid negative impacts to the United States. During the launch of the new U.S. maritime strategy at the International Seapower Symposium at the U.S. Naval War College in 2007, Coast Guard Commandant Admiral Thad Allen said the new maritime strategy reinforced the time-honored missions the service has carried out in the United States since 1790. "It reinforces the Coast Guard maritime strategy of safety, security and stewardship, and it reflects not only the global reach of our maritime services but the need to integrate and synchronize and act with our coalition and international partners to not only win wars ... but to prevent wars," Allen said.

Authority as a law enforcement agency

Title 14 USC, section 2 authorizes the Coast Guard to enforce U.S. federal laws. This authority is further defined in 14 U.S.C. § 522, which gives law enforcement powers to all Coast Guard commissioned officers, warrant officers, and petty officers. Unlike the other branches of the United States Armed Forces, which are prevented from acting in a law enforcement capacity by 18 U.S.C. § 1385, the Posse Comitatus Act, and Department of Defense policy, the Coast Guard is exempt from and not subject to the restrictions of the Posse Comitatus Act.

Further law enforcement authority is given by 14 U.S.C. § 703 and 19 U.S.C. § 1401, which empower U.S. Coast Guard active and reserve commissioned officers, warrant officers, and petty officers as federal customs officers. This places them under 19 U.S.C. § 1589a, which grants customs officers general federal law enforcement authority, including the authority to:

(1) carry a firearm;
(2) execute and serve any order, warrant, subpoena, summons, or other process issued under the authority of the United States;
(3) make an arrest without a warrant for any offense against the United States committed in the officer's presence or for a felony, cognizable under the laws of the United States committed outside the officer's presence if the officer has reasonable grounds to believe that the person to be arrested has committed or is committing a felony; and
(4) perform any other law enforcement duty that the Secretary of Homeland Security may designate.

— 19 USC §1589a. Enforcement authority of customs officers

The U.S. Government Accountability Office Report to the House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary on its 2006 Survey of Federal Civilian Law Enforcement Functions and Authorities, identified the Coast Guard as one of 104 federal components that employed law enforcement officers. The report also included a summary table of the authorities of the Coast Guard's 192 special agents and 3,780 maritime law enforcement boarding officers.

Coast Guardsmen have the legal authority to carry their service-issued firearms on and off base. This is rarely done in practice, however; at many Coast Guard stations, commanders prefer to have all service-issued weapons in armories when not in use. Still, one court has held in the case of People v. Booth that Coast Guard boarding officers are qualified law enforcement officers authorized to carry personal firearms off-duty for self-defense.

History

Main article: History of the United States Coast Guard

The Coast Guard traced its roots to the small fleet of vessels maintained by the United States Department of the Treasury beginning in the 1790s to enforce tariffs (an important source of revenue for the new nation). Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton lobbied Congress to fund the construction of ten cutters, which it did on 4 August 1790 (now celebrated as the Coast Guard's official birthday). Until the re-establishment of the Navy in 1798, these "revenue cutters" were the only naval force of the early United States. As such, the cutters and their crews frequently took on additional duties, including combating piracy, rescuing mariners in distress, ferrying government officials, and even carrying mail. Initially not an organized federal agency at all, merely a "system of cutters," each ship operated under the direction of the customs officials in the port to which it was assigned. Several names, including "Revenue-Marine," were used as the service gradually becoming more organized. Eventually it was officially organized as the United States Revenue Cutter Service. In addition to its regular law enforcement and customs duties, revenue cutters and their crews were used to support and supplement the Navy in various armed conflicts including the American Civil War.

A separate federal agency, the U.S. Life-Saving Service, developed alongside the Revenue-Marine. Prior to 1848, there were various charitable efforts at creating systems to provide assistance to shipwrecked mariners from shore-based stations, notably by the Massachusetts Humane Society. The federal government began funding lifesaving stations in 1848 but funding was inconsistent and the system still relied on all-volunteer crews. In 1871, Sumner Increase Kimball was appointed chief of the Treasury Department's newly created Revenue Marine Division, and began the process of organizing the Revenue-Marine cutters into a centralized agency. Kimball also pushed for more funding lifesaving stations and eventually secured approval to create the Lifesaving Service as a separate federal agency, also within the Treasury Department, with fulltime paid crews.

In 1915 these two agencies, the Revenue Cutter Service and the Lifesaving Service, were merged to create the modern United States Coast Guard. The Lighthouse Service and the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation were absorbed by the Coast Guard 1939 and 1942 respectively. In 1967, the Coast Guard moved from the U.S. Department of the Treasury to the newly formed U.S. Department of Transportation, an arrangement that lasted until it was placed under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in 2003 as part of legislation designed to more efficiently protect American interests following the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001.

In times of war, the Coast Guard or individual components of it can operate as a service of the Department of the Navy. This arrangement has a broad historical basis, as the Coast Guard has been involved in wars as diverse as the War of 1812, the Mexican–American War, and the American Civil War, in which the cutter Harriet Lane fired the first naval shots attempting to relieve besieged Fort Sumter. The last time the Coast Guard operated as a whole within the Navy was in World War II, in all some 250,000 served in the Coast Guard during World War II.

Coast Guard Squadron One, was a combat unit formed by the United States Coast Guard in 1965 for service during the Vietnam War. Placed under the operational control of the United States Navy, it was assigned duties in Operation Market Time. Its formation marked the first time since World War II that Coast Guard personnel were used extensively in a combat environment. The squadron operated divisions in three separate areas during the period of 1965 to 1970. Twenty-six Point-class cutters with their crews and a squadron support staff were assigned to the U.S. Navy with the mission of interdicting the movement of arms and supplies from the South China Sea into South Vietnam by Viet Cong and North Vietnam junk and trawler operators. The squadron also provided 81mm mortar naval gunfire support to nearby friendly units operating along the South Vietnamese coastline and assisted the U.S. Navy during Operation Sealords.

Coast Guard Squadron Three, was a combat unit formed by the United States Coast Guard in 1967 for service during the Vietnam War. Placed under the operational control of the United States Navy and based in Pearl Harbor. It consisted of five USCG High Endurance Cutters operating on revolving six-month deployments. A total of 35 High Endurance Cutters took part in operations from May 1967 to December 1971, most notably using their 5-inch guns to provide naval gunfire support missions.

Often units within the Coast Guard operate under Department of the Navy operational control while other Coast Guard units remain under the Department of Homeland Security.

Deployable Operations Group/Deployable Specialized Forces

Main article: Deployable Specialized Forces

The Deployable Operations Group (DOG) was a Coast Guard command established in July 2007. The DOG established a single command authority to rapidly provide the Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security, Department of Defense, Department of Justice and other interagency operational commanders adaptive force packages drawn from the Coast Guard's deployable specialized force units. The DOG was disestablished on 22 April 2013 and reorganized into Deployable Specialized Forces (DSF) units were placed under the control of the Atlantic and Pacific Area Commanders.

The planning for the unit began after the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, and culminated with its formation on 20 July 2007. Its missions included maritime law enforcement, anti-terrorism, port security, pollution response, and diving operations.

There were over 25 specialized units within the Deployable Operations Group including the Maritime Security Response Team, Maritime Safety and Security Teams, Law Enforcement Detachments, Port Security Units, the National Strike Force, and Regional Dive Lockers. The DOG also managed Coast Guard personnel assigned to the Navy Expeditionary Combat Command and was involved in the selection of Coast Guard candidates to attend Navy BUD/S and serve with Navy SEAL Teams.

Images

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  Marine Corps Privates First Class William A. McCoy and Ralph L. Plunkett holding a sign thanking the Coast Guard after the Battle of Guam in 1944
• 
  A gun crew on board USCGC Point Comfort (WPB-82317) firing an 81 mm mortar during the bombardment of a suspected Viet Cong staging area one mile behind An Thoi in August 1965
• 
  USCGC Duane (WPG-33) shelling targets in Vietnam in 1967, where the Coast Guard was a part of Operation Market Time
• 
  United States Coast Guard Squadron One unit patch during the Vietnam War
• 
  Seal of the United States Coast Guard Deployable Operations Group
• 
  USS Vandegrift (FFG 48) and USCGC Mellon (WHEC-717) cruising side by side in the Java Sea on May 28, 2010
• 
  A member of USCG Law Enforcement Detachment (LEDET) 106 performing a security sweep aboard a tanker ship in the North Persian Gulf in July 2007
• 
  A Coast Guardsman stands guard over more than 40,000 pounds of cocaine worth an estimated $500 million being offloaded from the Cutter Sherman, 23 April 2007.
• 
  A boatswain's mate keeps watch on a small boat as it heads for the USCGC Chandeleur in 2008
• 
  A Coast Guard Aviation Survival Technician assisting with the rescue of a pregnant woman during Hurricane Katrina in 2005

Organization

Main articles: Organization of the United States Coast Guard and United States Coast Guard Order of Battle

The new Department of Homeland Security headquarters complex is on the grounds of the former St. Elizabeths Hospital in the Anacostia section of Southeast Washington, across the Anacostia River from former Coast Guard headquarters.

The fiscal year 2016 budget request for the U.S. Coast Guard was $9.96 billion.

USCG Districts

Districts and units

The Coast Guard's current district organization is divided into 9 districts. Their designations, district office and area of responsibility are as follows:

U.S. Coast Guard districts

District	District Office	Area of responsibility	Note
1st	Boston, Massachusetts	New England states, eastern New York and northern New Jersey	1
5th	Portsmouth, Virginia	Pennsylvania, southern New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina	5
7th	Miami, Florida	South Carolina, Georgia, eastern Florida, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands	7
8th	New Orleans, Louisiana	Western Rivers of the U.S. and the Gulf of Mexico	8
9th	Cleveland, Ohio	Great Lakes	9
11th	Alameda, California	California, Arizona, Nevada, and Utah	11
13th	Seattle, Washington	Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Montana	13
14th	Honolulu, Hawaii	Hawaii and Pacific territories	14
17th	Juneau, Alaska	Alaska	17

Shore establishments

The Douglas A. Munro Coast Guard Headquarters building in St. Elizabeths West Campus

Shore establishment commands exist to support and facilitate the mission of the sea and air assets and Coastal Defense. U.S. Coast Guard Headquarters is located in Southeast Washington, D.C. Examples of other shore establishment types are Coast Guard Sectors (which may include Coast Guard Bases), Surface Forces Logistics Center (SFLC), Coast Guard Stations, Coast Guard Air Stations, and the United States Coast Guard Yard. Training centers are included in the shore establishment commands. The military college for the USCG is called the United States Coast Guard Academy which trains both new officers through a four year program and enlisted personnel joining the ranks of officers through a 17 week program called Officer Candidate School (OCS). Abbreviated TRACEN, the other Training Centers include Training Center Cape May for enlisted bootcamp, Training Center Petaluma and Training Center Yorktown for enlisted "A" schools and "C" schools, and Coast Guard Aviation Technical Training Center and Coast Guard Aviation Training Center Mobile for aviation enlisted "A" school, "C" schools, and pilot officer training.

Personnel

The Coast Guard has a total workforce of 87,569. The formal name for a uniformed member of the Coast Guard is "Coast Guardsman", irrespective of gender. "Coastie" is an informal term commonly used to refer to current or former Coast Guard personnel. In 2008, the term "Guardian" was introduced as an alternative but was later dropped. Admiral Robert J. Papp Jr. stated that it was his belief that no Commandant had the authority to change what members of the Coast Guard are called as the term Coast Guardsman is found in Title 14 USC which established the Coast Guard in 1915. "Team Coast Guard" refers to the four components of the Coast Guard as a whole: Regular, Reserve, Auxiliary, and Coast Guard civilian employees.

Commissioned officers

Commissioned officers in the Coast Guard hold pay grades ranging from O-1 to O-10 and have the same rank structure as the Navy. Officers holding the rank of ensign (O-1) through lieutenant commander (O-4) are considered junior officers, commanders (O-5) and captains (O-6) are considered senior officers, and rear admirals (O-7) through admirals (O-10) are considered flag officers. The Commandant of the Coast Guard and the Vice Commandant of the Coast Guard are the only members of the Coast Guard authorized to hold the rank of admiral.

The Coast Guard does not have medical officers or chaplains of its own. Instead, chaplains from the U.S. Navy, as well as officers from the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps are assigned to the Coast Guard to perform chaplain-related functions and medical-related functions, respectively. These officers wear Coast Guard uniforms but replace the Coast Guard insignia with that of their own service.

The Navy and Coast Guard share identical officer rank insignia except that Coast Guard officers wear a gold Coast Guard Shield in lieu of a line star or staff corps officer insignia.

Commissioned officer grade structure of the United States Coast Guard

US DoD Pay Grade	O-1	O-2	O-3	O-4	O-5	O-6	O-7	O-8	O-9	O-10
NATO Code	OF-1		OF-2	OF-3	OF-4	OF-5	OF-6	OF-7	OF-8	OF-9
Insignia
Title	Ensign	Lieutenant (Junior Grade)	Lieutenant	Lieutenant Commander	Commander	Captain	Rear Admiral (Lower Half)	Rear Admiral	Vice Admiral	Admiral
Abbreviation	ENS	LTJG	LT	LCDR	CDR	CAPT	RDML	RADM	VADM	ADM

Warrant officers

Main article: Warrant officer (United States)

Highly qualified enlisted personnel in pay grades E-6 through E-9 with a minimum of eight years' experience can compete each year for appointment as warrant officers (WO). Successful candidates are chosen by a board and then commissioned as chief warrant officer two (CWO2) in one of twenty-one specialties. Over time, chief warrant officers may be promoted to chief warrant officer three (CWO3) and chief warrant officer four (CWO4). The ranks of warrant officer (WO1) and chief warrant officer five (CWO5) are not currently used in the Coast Guard. Chief warrant officers may also compete for the Chief Warrant Officer to Lieutenant Program. If selected, the warrant officer will be promoted to lieutenant (O-3E). The "E" designates over four years' active duty service as a warrant officer or enlisted member and entitles the member to a higher rate of pay than other lieutenants.

Warrant officer grade structure of the United States Coast Guard

US DoD Pay Grade	W-2	W-3	W-4
NATO Code	WO-2	WO-3	WO-4
Insignia
Title	Chief Warrant Officer 2	Chief Warrant Officer 3	Chief Warrant Officer 4
Abbreviation	CWO-2	CWO-3	CWO-4

Enlisted personnel

See also: List of United States Coast Guard enlisted ranks and List of United States Coast Guard ratings

Enlisted members of the Coast Guard have pay grades from E-1 to E-9 and also follow the same rank structure as the Navy. Enlisted members in pay grades of E-4 and higher are considered petty officers and follow career development paths very similar to those of Navy petty officers.

Petty officers in pay grade E-7 and higher are chief petty officers and must attend the Coast Guard Chief Petty Officer Academy, or an equivalent Department of Defense school, in order to be advanced to pay grade E-8. The basic themes of the school are:

• Professionalism
• Leadership
• Communications
• Systems thinking and lifelong learning

Enlisted rank insignia is also nearly identical to Navy enlisted insignia. The Coast Guard shield replacing the petty officer's eagle on collar and cap devices for petty officers or enlisted rating insignia for seamen qualified as a "designated striker". Group Rate marks (stripes) for junior enlisted members (E-3 and below) also follow Navy convention with white for seaman, red for fireman, and green for airman. In a departure from the Navy conventions, all petty officers E-6 and below wear red chevrons and all chief petty officers wear gold.

Enlisted and non-commissioned officer grade structure of the United States Coast Guard
Note: Crossed anchors in the graphics indicate a rating of Boatswain's Mate

U.S. DoD Pay grade	E-1	E-2	E-3	E-4	E-5	E-6	E-7	E-8	E-9			Special
NATO Code	OR-1	OR-2	OR-3	OR-4	OR-5	OR-6	OR-7	OR-8	OR-9
Insignia
Title	Seaman Recruit	Seaman Apprentice	Seaman	Petty Officer Third Class	Petty Officer Second Class	Petty Officer First Class	Chief Petty Officer	Senior Chief Petty Officer	Master Chief Petty Officer	Command Master Chief Petty Officer	Deputy Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard or Other senior enlisted leaders	Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard
Abbreviation	SR	SA	SN	PO3	PO2	PO1	CPO	SCPO	MCPO	CMC	DMCPOCG	MCPOCG

Training

Officer training

Training exercise at Cape Disappointment State Park, Washington

The U.S. Coast Guard Academy is a four-year service academy located in New London, Connecticut. Approximately 200 cadets graduate each year, receiving a Bachelor of Science degree and a commission as an ensign in the Coast Guard. Graduates are obligated to serve a minimum of five years on active duty. Most graduates are assigned to duty aboard Coast Guard cutters immediately after graduation, either as Deck Watch Officers (DWOs) or as Engineer Officers in Training (EOITs). Smaller numbers are assigned directly to flight training at Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida or to shore duty at Coast Guard Sector, District, or Area headquarters units.

In addition to the Academy, prospective officers, who already hold a college degree, may enter the Coast Guard through Officer Candidate School (OCS), also located at the Coast Guard Academy. OCS is a 17-week course of instruction that prepares candidates to serve effectively as officers in the Coast Guard. In addition to indoctrinating students into a military lifestyle, OCS provides a wide range of highly technical information necessary to perform the duties of a Coast Guard officer.

Graduates of OCS are usually commissioned as ensigns, but some with advanced graduate degrees may enter as lieutenants (junior grade) or lieutenants. Graduating OCS officers entering active duty are required to serve a minimum of three years, while graduating reserve officers are required to serve four years. Graduates may be assigned to a cutter, flight training, a staff job, or an operations ashore billet. OCS is the primary channel through which the Coast Guard enlisted grades ascend to the commissioned officer corps. Unlike the other military services, the Coast Guard does not have a Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) program. However, the Coast Guard does have the Select Reserve Direct Commission, an officer program for prospective candidates interested serving as a Coast Guard Reserve Officer.

Lawyers, engineers, intelligence officers, military aviators holding commissions in other branches of the U.S. Armed Forces requesting interservice transfers to the Coast Guard, graduates of maritime academies, and certain other individuals may also receive an officer's commission in the Coast Guard through the Direct Commission Officer (DCO) program. Depending on the specific program and the background of the individual, the course is three, four or five weeks long. The first week of the five-week course is an indoctrination week. The DCO program is designed to commission officers with highly specialized professional training or certain kinds of previous military experience.

Recruit training

Recruit companies visiting Arlington National Cemetery for their one day of off-base liberty, which is their only break in an eight-week boot camp at the Coast Guard Training Center in Cape May, New Jersey

Newly enlisted personnel are sent to eight weeks of recruit training at Coast Guard Training Center Cape May in Cape May, New Jersey. New recruits arrive at Sexton Hall and remain there for three days of initial processing which includes haircuts, vaccinations, uniform issue, and other necessary entrance procedures. During this initial processing period, the new recruits are led by temporary company commanders. These temporary company commanders are tasked with teaching the new recruits how to march and preparing them to enter into their designated company. The temporary company commanders typically do not enforce any physical activity such as push ups or crunches. When the initial processing is complete, the new seaman recruits are introduced to their permanent company commanders who will remain with them until the end of training. There is typically a designated lead company commander and two support company commanders. The balance of the eight-week boot camp is spent in learning teamwork and developing physical skills. An introduction of how the Coast Guard operates with special emphasis on the Coast Guard's core values is an important part of the training.

The current nine Recruit Training Objectives are:

• Self-discipline
• Military skills
• Marksmanship
• Vocational skills and academics
• Military bearing
• Physical fitness and wellness
• Water survival and swim qualifications
• Esprit de corps
• Core values (Honor, Respect, and Devotion to Duty)

Service schools

Following graduation from recruit training, most members are sent to their first unit while they await orders to attend advanced training in Class "A" Schools. At "A" schools, Coast Guard enlisted personnel are trained in their chosen rating; rating is a Coast Guard and Navy term for enlisted skills synonymous with the Army's and Marine Corps' military occupation codes (MOS) and Air Force's Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC). Members who earned high ASVAB scores or who were otherwise guaranteed an "A" School of choice while enlisting may go directly to their "A" School upon graduation from Boot Camp.

Civilian personnel

The Coast Guard employs over 8,577 civilians in over two hundred different job types including Coast Guard Investigative Service special agents, lawyers, engineers, technicians, administrative personnel, tradesmen, and federal firefighters. Civilian employees work at various levels in the Coast Guard to support its various missions.

Equipment

Main article: List of equipment of the United States Coast Guard

Cutters

USCGC Bertholf (WMSL-750), the first Legend-class national security cutters

The Coast Guard operates 243 Cutters, defined as any vessel more than 65 feet (20 m) long, that has a permanently assigned crew and accommodations for the extended support of that crew.

• National Security Cutter (WMSL): Also known as the Legend-class, these are the Coast Guard's latest class of 418-foot (127 m) cutter. At 418 ft. these are the largest USCG military cutters in active service. One-for-one, Legend-class ships have replaced individually decommissioned 1960s Hamilton-class cutters, (also known as the High Endurance Cutter (WHEC)). A total of eleven were authorized and budgeted; as of 2021 eight are in service, and two are under construction.
• Medium Endurance Cutter (WMEC): These are mostly the 210-foot (64 m) Reliance-class, and the 270-foot (82 m) Famous-class cutters, although the 283-foot (86 m) Alex Haley also falls into this category. Primary missions are law enforcement, search and rescue, and military defense. Heritage-class cutters are expected to eventually replace the Reliance- and Famous-class cutters as they are completed.
• Polar-class icebreaker (WAGB): There are three WAGB's used for icebreaking and research though only two, the heavy 399-foot (122 m) Polar Star and the newer medium class 420-foot (130 m) Healy, are active. Polar Sea is located in Seattle, Washington but is not currently in active service. The icebreakers are being replaced with new heavy icebreakers under the Polar icebreaker program, the world's largest coast guard vessel due for delivery in 2025.
• USCGC Eagle: A 295-foot (90 m) sailing barque used as a training ship for Coast Guard Academy cadets and Coast Guard officer candidates. She was originally built in Germany as Horst Wessel, and was seized by the United States as a prize of war in 1945.
• USCGC Mackinaw: A 240-foot (73 m) heavy icebreaker built for operations on the Great Lakes.
• Seagoing Buoy Tender (WLB): These 225-foot (69 m) ships are used to maintain aids to navigation and also assist with law enforcement and search and rescue.
• Coastal Buoy Tender (WLM): The 175-foot (53 m) Keeper-class coastal buoy tenders are used to maintain coastal aids to navigation.
• Sentinel-class cutter (WPC): The 154-foot (47 m) Sentinel-class, also known by its program name, the "Fast Response Cutter"-class and is used for search and rescue work and law enforcement.
• Bay-class icebreaking tug (WTGB): 140-foot (43 m) icebreakers used primarily for domestic icebreaking missions. Other missions include search and rescue, law enforcement, and aids to navigation maintenance.
• Patrol Boats (WPB): There are two classes of WPBs currently in service; the 110-foot (34 m) Island-class patrol boats and the 87-foot (27 m) Marine Protector-class patrol boats
• Small Harbor Tug (WYTL): 65-foot (20 m) small icebreaking tugboats, used primary for ice clearing in domestic harbors in addition to limited search and rescue and law enforcement roles.

Boats

U.S. Coast Guard 45-foot (14 m) Response Boat Medium (RB-M)

The Coast Guard operates about 1,650 boats, defined as any vessel less than 65 feet (20 m) long, which generally operate near shore and on inland waterways.

The Coast Guard boat fleet includes:

• 47-foot Motor Lifeboat (MLB): The Coast Guard's 47-foot (14 m) primary heavy-weather boat used for search and rescue as well as law enforcement and homeland security.
• Response Boat – Medium (RB-M): A new multi-mission 45-foot (14 m) vessel intended to replace the 41-foot (12 m) utility boat. 170 planned
• Special Purpose Craft – Near Shore Lifeboat: Only 2 built. Shallow draft, 42-foot (13 m) lifeboat substituted for the 47-foot (14 m) Motor Life Boat, based at Chatham, Massachusetts
• Deployable Pursuit Boat (DPB): A 38-foot (12 m) launch capable of pursuing fast cocaine smuggling craft.
• Long Range Interceptor (LRI): A 36-foot (11 m) high-speed launch that can be launched from the stern ramps of the larger Deepwater cutters.
• Aids to Navigation Boat (TANB/BUSL/ATON/ANB): Various designs ranging from 26 to 55 feet (7.9 to 16.8 m) used to maintain aids to navigation.
• Special Purpose Craft – Law Enforcement (SPC-LE): Intended to operate in support of specialized law enforcement missions, utilizing three 300 horsepower (220 kW) Mercury Marine engines. The SPC-LE is 33 feet (10 m) long and capable of speeds in excess of 50 knots (93 km/h; 58 mph) and operations more than 30 miles (48 km) from shore.
• Defender-class boat: A 25-foot (7.6 m) high-speed boat, for a variety of missions, including search and rescue, port security and law enforcement duties. Also known as the Response Boat – Small (RB-S).
• 25-foot Transportable Port Security Boat (TPSB): A 25-foot (7.6 m) well-armed boat used by Port Security Units for force protection.
• Special Purpose Craft, Shallow-water (SPC-SW): 24 feet (7.3 m)
• Cutter Boat – Over the Horizon (OTH): A 23-foot (7.0 m) rigid hull inflatable boat used by medium and high endurance cutters and specialized units.
• Short Range Prosecutor (SRP): A 23-foot (7.0 m) rigid hull inflatable boat that can be launched from a stern launching ramp on the National Security Cutters.

Aircraft

Every aircraft in the U.S. Coast Guard fleet in June 2024. From left: HC-130J, C-27J, HC-144, C-37B, MH-60T, MH-65E

The Coast Guard operates approximately 201 fixed and rotary wing aircraft from 24 Coast Guard Air Stations throughout the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Most of these air stations are tenant activities at civilian airports, several of which are former Air Force Bases and Naval Air Stations, although several are also independent military facilities. Coast Guard Air Stations are also located on active Naval Air Stations, Air National Guard bases, and Army Air Fields.

Coast Guard aviators receive Primary (fixed-wing) and Advanced (fixed or rotary-wing) flight training with their Navy and Marine Corps counterparts at NAS Whiting Field, Florida, and NAS Corpus Christi, Texas, and are considered Naval Aviators. After receiving Naval Aviator Wings, Coast Guard pilots, with the exception of those slated to fly the HC-130, report to U.S. Coast Guard Aviation Training Center, Mobile, Alabama to receive 6–12 weeks of specialized training in the Coast Guard fleet aircraft they will operate. HC-130 pilots report to Little Rock AFB, Arkansas, for joint C-130 training under the auspices of the 314th Airlift Wing of the U.S. Air Force.

Fixed-wing aircraft operate from Air Stations on long-duration missions. Helicopters operate from Air Stations and can deploy on a number of different cutters. Helicopters can rescue people or intercept vessels smuggling migrants or narcotics. Since the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, the Coast Guard has developed a more prominent role in national security and now has armed helicopters operating in high-risk areas for the purpose of maritime law enforcement and anti-terrorism.

The Coast Guard is now developing an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) program that will utilize the MQ-9 Reaper platform for homeland security and search/rescue operations. To support this endeavor, the Coast Guard has partnered with the Navy and U.S. Customs and Border Protection to study existing/emerging unmanned aerial system (UAS) capabilities within their respective organizations. As these systems mature, research and operational experience gleaned from this joint effort will enable the Coast Guard to develop its own cutter and land-based UAS capabilities.

Current aircraft

Type	Manufacturer	Origin	Class	Role	Introduced	In service	Notes
C-27J Spartan	Alenia Aeronautica	U.S. Italy	Turboprop	Search and rescue	2014	14	Former Air Force aircraft, acquired in return for the release of seven HC-130H aircraft to the United States Forest Service for use as aerial tankers.
C-37A	Gulfstream	U.S.	Jet	Priority Airlift	1998	1	Priority Airlift for high-ranking members of the Department of Homeland Security and U.S. Coast Guard.
C-37B	Gulfstream	U.S.	Jet	Priority Airlift	2017	1	Priority Airlift for high-ranking members of the Department of Homeland Security and U.S. Coast Guard.
HC-130H Hercules	Lockheed Martin	U.S.	Turboprop	Search and rescue	1974	14	Most have been removed from service and are being replaced by HC-130J aircraft. Seven were turned over to the United States Forest Service to be converted to aerial firefighting tankers.
HC-130J Hercules	Lockheed Martin	U.S.	Turboprop	Search and rescue	2003	12	More on order, currently being manufactured to replace HC-130H.
HC-144A Ocean Sentry	Airbus	U.S. Spain	Turboprop	Search and rescue	2009	15
HC-144B Minotaur	Airbus	U.S. Spain	Turboprop	Search and rescue	2016	3	Minotaur upgrade of HC-144A aircraft includes advance navigation and search and rescue equipment.
MH-60T Jayhawk	Sikorsky	U.S.	Helicopter	Medium Range Recovery (MRR)	1990	51	may remain in service until 2035
MH-65E Dolphin	Eurocopter	U.S. France	Helicopter	Short Range Recovery (SRR)	1984	46	Upgraded version of MH-65D with advanced avionics and search and rescue equipment

Weapons

USCGC Legare fire the ship's MK-75 76mm cannon

Naval guns

Most Coast Guard Cutters have one or more naval gun systems installed, including:

• The Oto Melara 76 mm, a radar-guided computer controlled gun system that is used on Medium Endurance Cutters. The 3-inch gun's high rate of fire and availability of specialized ammunition make it a multi-purpose gun capable of anti-shipping, anti-aircraft, ground support, and short-range anti-missile defense.
• The MK 110 57 mm gun, a radar-guided computer controlled variant of the Bofors 57 mm gun. It is used on the Legend-class cutter, also known as the National Security Cutter (NSC). It is a multi-purpose gun capable of anti-shipping, anti-aircraft, and short-range anti-missile defense. The stealth mount has a reduced radar profile. Also, the gun has a small radar mounted on the gun barrel to measure muzzle velocity for fire control purposes and can change ammunition types instantly due to a dual-feed system. It can also be operated/fired manually using a joystick and video camera (mounted on gun).
• The Mk 38 Mod 0 weapons system consists of an M242 Bushmaster 25mm chain gun and the Mk 88 Mod 0 machine gun mount. A manned system, its gyro-stabilization compensates for the pitching deck. It provides ships with defensive and offensive gunfire capability for the engagement of a variety of surface targets. Designed primarily as a close-range defensive measure, it provides protection against patrol boats, floating mines, and various shore-based targets.
• The Mk 38 Mod 2 weapons system is a remotely operated Mk 38 with an electronic optical sight, laser range-finder, FLIR, a more reliable feeding system, all of which enhance the weapon systems capabilities and accuracy.
• The Phalanx CIWS (pronounced "sea-wiz") is a close-in weapon system for defense against aircraft and anti-ship missiles. it can also be used against a variety of surface targets. Consisting of a radar-guided 20 mm 6-barreled M61 Vulcan cannon mounted on a swiveling base, it is used on the Coast Guard's National Security Cutters. This system can operate autonomously against airborne threats or may be manually operated with the use of electronic optical sight, laser range-finder and FLIR systems against surface targets.
• The Sea PROTECTOR MK50 is a remotely controlled gyro-stabilized M2 .50 caliber heavy machine gun. The sight package includes a daylight video camera, a thermal camera and an eye-safe laser rangefinder operated by a joystick. It is also furnished with a fully integrated fire control system that provides ballistic correction. The Mk50s are used on only four Marine Protector-class Cutters, the USCGC Sea Fox (WPB-87374), USCGC Sea Devil (WPB-87368), USCGC Sea Dragon (WPB-87367) and USCGC Sea Dog (WPB-87373)

Small arms and light weapons

The SIG P229R-DAK is the standard sidearm of the U.S. Coast Guard.

The U.S. Coast Guard uses a wide variety of small arms and light weapons. Handguns, shotguns, and rifles are used to arm boat crew and boarding team members and machine guns are mounted aboard cutters, boats, and helicopters.

Small arms and light weapons arms include:

• M9 9mm pistol
• SIG Sauer P229R DAK .40 S&W pistol
• Remington M870P 12 gauge shotgun
• M16A2 rifle
• M4 carbine
• Mk 18 carbine
• M14 Tactical rifle
• Mk 11 (KAC SR-25)
• Mk 11 Mod 2 precision rifle
• FN M240 machine gun
• M2 .50 caliber heavy machine gun
• Mk 19 40mm grenade launcher
• Barrett M107 .50-caliber rifle, used by marksmen from the Helicopter Interdiction Tactical Squadron and Law Enforcement Detachments to disable the engines on fleeing boats.

Symbols

Core values

The Coast Guard, like the other armed services of the United States, has a set of core values that serve as basic ethical guidelines for all Coast Guard active duty, reservists, auxiliarists, and civilians. The Coast Guard Core Values are:

Honor: Integrity is our standard. We demonstrate uncompromising ethical conduct and moral behavior in all of our personal actions. We are loyal and accountable to the public trust.
Respect: We value our diverse workforce. We treat each other with fairness, dignity, and compassion. We encourage individual opportunity and growth. We encourage creativity through empowerment. We work as a team.
Devotion to Duty: We are professionals, military and civilian, who seek responsibility, accept accountability, and are committed to the successful achievement of our organizational goals. We exist to serve. We serve with pride.

The Guardian Ethos

In 2008, the Coast Guard introduced the Guardian Ethos. As the Commandant, Admiral Allen noted in a message to all members of the Coast Guard: [The Ethos] "defines the essence of the Coast Guard," and is the "contract the Coast Guard and its members make with the nation and its citizens."

The Coast Guard Ethos

In an ALCOAST message effective 1 December 2011 the Commandant, Admiral Papp, directed that the language of Guardian Ethos be superseded by the Coast Guard Ethos in an effort to use terminology that would help with the identity of personnel serving in the Coast Guard. The term Coast Guardsman is the correct form of address used in Title 14 USC and is the form that has been used historically. This changed the line in the Guardian Ethos "I am a Guardian." to become "I am a Coast Guardsman."

The Ethos is:

In Service to our Nation
With Honor, Respect, and Devotion to Duty
We protect
We defend
We save
We are Semper Paratus
We are the United States Coast Guard

— The Coast Guard Ethos

Creed of the United States Coast Guardsman

Main article: Creed of the United States Coast Guardsman

The "Creed of the United States Coast Guardsman" was written by Vice Admiral Harry G. Hamlet, who served as Commandant of the Coast Guard from 1932 to 1936.

Я горжусь тем, что являюсь офицером береговой охраны США.
Я уважаю этот длинный ряд опытных моряков, которые своей преданностью долгу и самопожертвованием позволили мне быть членом службы, почитаемой и уважаемой, в мир и на войне, во всем мире.
Я никогда ни словом, ни делом не буду порочить честное имя моего служения и не позволю другим делать это беспрепятственно.
Я с радостью и охотой буду подчиняться всем законным приказам.
Я всегда буду вовремя, чтобы помочь, и постараюсь сделать больше, а не меньше, чем моя доля.
Я всегда буду на своем месте, начеку и внимательно выполняю свои обязанности.
Насколько я могу, я буду предлагать своим пожилым людям решения, а не проблемы.
Я буду жить радостно, но всегда с должным уважением к правам и привилегиям других.
Я постараюсь быть образцовым гражданином в обществе, в котором живу.
Я дорого продам жизнь врагу моей страны, но отдам ее бесплатно, чтобы спасти тех, кто в опасности.
С Божьей помощью я постараюсь стать одним из Его благороднейших Произведений...
БЕРЕГОВЫЙ ОХРАННИК США.

- Кредо береговой охраны США.

«Тебе надо уйти, но не обязательно возвращаться!»

Этот неофициальный девиз Береговой охраны восходит к постановлению Службы спасения США 1899 года , в котором, в частности, говорится: «Пытаясь спасти... он не откажется от своих усилий до тех пор, пока в ходе реального судебного разбирательства не будет подтверждена невозможность осуществления спасения». Заявление хранителя о том, что он не пытался использовать лодку из-за слишком сильного волнения или прибоя, не будет принято, если только попытки спустить ее на воду не были действительно предприняты и не увенчались успехом».

Прапорщик береговой охраны

Прапорщик береговой охраны США

Бывший прапорщик береговой охраны, использовался с 1915 по 1953 год.

береговой охраны Прапорщик (флаг) впервые был вывешен Службой налоговых катеров в 1799 году, чтобы отличать коммерческие катера от торговых судов. В приказе министра финансов Оливера Уолкотта-младшего от 1 августа 1799 года указывалось, что прапорщик будет состоять из «шестнадцати перпендикулярных полос (по количеству штатов в Соединенных Штатах на тот момент), чередующихся красных и белых, союза прапорщика. быть гербом Соединенных Штатов темно-синим цветом на белом поле».

Этот флаг стал известен в американских водах и служил знаком власти Службы сбора доходов до начала 20 века. Первоначально предполагалось, что этот флаг будет развеваться только на коммерческих катерах и лодках, связанных с Таможенной службой, но с годами его стали обнаруживать и на таможнях, и эта практика стала обязательным требованием в 1874 году. 7 июня 1910 года президент Уильям Ховард Тафт издал указ, добавляющий эмблему к флагу (или « испорченному ») к флагу, которым летают катера налоговой службы, чтобы отличить его от того, что теперь называется таможенным флагом, который вылетает из таможен. Эмблема была заменена на официальную печать Береговой охраны в 1927 году.

Цель флага - позволить капитанам кораблей легко распознавать суда, имеющие законное право останавливаться и садиться на них. Он используется только как символ правоохранительных органов и никогда не используется в качестве парадного штандарта.

Стандарт береговой охраны

Штандарт береговой охраны используется на парадах и несет боевые почести береговой охраны. Он был заимствован из флага береговой охраны, которым управляли коммерческие катера. Эмблема представляет собой синий орел с герба США на белом поле. Над орлом надпись «БЕРЕГОВАЯ ОХРАНА США», под орлом девиз «SEMPER PARATUS» и надпись «1790».

Знак обслуживания («Гоночная полоса»)

Гоночная полоса, официально известная как Знак обслуживания, была разработана в 1964 году бюро промышленного дизайна Raymond Loewy Associates, чтобы придать Береговой охране отличительный современный имидж. Лоуи разработал цвета для парка самолетов Air Force One для Джеки Кеннеди . Президент Кеннеди был настолько впечатлен его работой, что предположил, что все федеральное правительство нуждается в его преобразовании, и предложил начать с береговой охраны. Полосы скошены под углом 64 градуса, что по совпадению соответствует году разработки Racing Stripe.

Гоночную полосу носят катера береговой охраны, самолеты и многие лодки. Впервые использованный и введенный в официальное использование 6 апреля 1967 года, он состоит из узкой синей полосы, узкой белой полосы между ними и широкой красной полосы компьютерной графики со щитом береговой охраны в центре. Ледоколы с красным корпусом и большинство вертолетов HH-65/MH-65 (то есть с красным фюзеляжем) имеют узкую синюю полосу, узкую пустую полосу цвета фюзеляжа (подразумеваемую красную полосу) и широкую белую полосу. , со щитом береговой охраны в центре. И наоборот, катера с черным корпусом (такие как тендеры с буями и тендеры для внутреннего строительства) используют стандартную гоночную полосу. Вспомогательные суда, обслуживаемые береговой охраной, также имеют гоночную полосу, но в перевернутых цветах (т. е. широкую синюю полосу с узкой белой и красной компьютерной полосой) и вспомогательный щит. Подобные конструкции гоночных полос были приняты для использования другими береговой охраной и морскими властями, а также многими другими правоохранительными и спасательными службами.

Униформа

На фотографии изображена разнообразная форма береговой охраны. Слева направо: белая служебная одежда, тропический синий, синяя служебная одежда, синяя зимняя одежда, служебная камуфляжная форма, оперативная парадная форма.

Основная статья: Униформа береговой охраны США

На протяжении большей части истории Береговой охраны ее униформа во многом отражала стиль униформы ВМС США, отличаясь только знаками различия. В 1974 году под руководством адмирала Честера Р. Бендера были представлены первоначальные версии нынешней синей и тропической униформы службы береговой охраны. Это представляло собой серьезный отход от многих распространенных традиций военно-морской и морской униформы. Примечательно, что «Блюз Бендера» представлял собой общую парадную форму для всех званий, без матросского костюма и матросской фуражки, которые раньше носили военнослужащие. Знаки различия званий остались в соответствии с военно-морским образцом, и некоторые явно морские предметы, такие как бушлат , офицерская сабля и парадная белая форма, остались.

Сегодня униформа береговой охраны остается одной из самых простых среди всех родов вооруженных сил, с меньшим количеством униформ и ее вариантов, чем у других вооруженных сил. Есть только три униформы, которые обычно служат стандартной униформой того времени: оперативная парадная форма, тропическая синяя и синяя служебная форма (Браво).

Резерв береговой охраны

USCG Катер подразделения безопасности порта патрулирует Умм-Каср , Ирак, 2003 год.

Основная статья: Резерв береговой охраны США

Резерв береговой охраны США — это резервная военная сила Береговой охраны. Резерв береговой охраны был основан 19 февраля 1941 года. В составе береговой охраны 8700 резервистов. которые обычно проходят учения два дня в месяц и дополнительные 12 дней действительной военной службы каждый год, хотя многие из них проходят дополнительные тренировки и периоды действительной службы, включая тех, кто мобилизован на продленную действительную военную службу. Резервисты береговой охраны обладают той же подготовкой и квалификацией, что и их действующие коллеги, и поэтому их можно найти каждый день пополняющими действующие подразделения береговой охраны.

Во время войны во Вьетнаме и вскоре после этого Береговая охрана рассматривала возможность отказа от резервной программы, но вместо этого силы были переориентированы на увеличение сил, где ее основным направлением были не просто резервные операции, но и повышение готовности и выполнение повседневных задач. личный состав действительной службы.

С 11 сентября 2001 года резервисты были мобилизованы и прошли действительную военную службу, в том числе в Персидском заливе , а также в составе боевых командований Министерства обороны, таких как Северное и Центральное командования США. Подразделения береговой охраны порта полностью укомплектованы резервистами, за исключением пяти-семи человек действительной службы. Кроме того, большая часть личного состава, который Береговая охрана предоставляет Экспедиционному боевому командованию ВМФ, состоит из резервистов.

Резервом управляет помощник коменданта резерва контр-адмирал Джеймс М. Келли, USCG.

Женщины в береговой охране

Основная статья: Женщины в береговой охране США

SPARS Плакат о вербовке во время Второй мировой войны

Женщины работают в Береговой охране США с 1918 года, и женщины продолжают служить в ней и сегодня.

Во время Первой мировой войны , в январе 1918 года, радио- и телеграфистка Миртл Хазард записалась на службу электриком. Она была единственной женщиной, служившей во время войны, и она тезка USCGC Миртл Хазард . Хотя некоторые газеты сообщили, что сестры-близнецы Женевьева и Люсиль Бейкер были первыми женщинами, служившими в береговой охране, их попытка записаться на службу была отклонена.

Вспомогательная служба береговой охраны

Знак вспомогательной службы береговой охраны США.

Основная статья: Вспомогательная служба береговой охраны США

Вспомогательная служба береговой охраны США — это невоенный добровольческий компонент Береговой охраны США, созданный 23 июня 1939 года постановлением Конгресса. Хотя это была гражданская организация, первоначально она называлась « Резерв береговой охраны США », а позже была переименована в «Вспомогательную службу береговой охраны США» 19 февраля 1941 года, когда были созданы военные резервные силы береговой охраны. В составе «команды береговой охраны» (термин, используемый для обозначения всех действующих, резервных, вспомогательных и гражданских служащих) вспомогательная служба выполняет или помогает почти во всех небоевых и неправоохранительных миссиях береговой охраны. Вспомогательные сотрудники подчиняются указаниям коменданта береговой охраны. По состоянию на 2022 год в составе вспомогательной службы береговой охраны США насчитывалось около 26 000 человек.

Политика береговой охраны возложила на Вспомогательную службу многие из ее обязанностей, связанных с безопасностью прогулочного катания на лодках, включая просвещение и разъяснительную работу по безопасности общественного катания на лодках. Это включает в себя проведение курсов по навыкам управления судном, поддержание связи с морскими предприятиями на местном уровне, а также проведение добровольных проверок безопасности судов (ранее называвшихся вежливыми осмотрами) для населения. Кроме того, вспомогательные силы используют свои собственные суда, лодки и самолеты (когда-то зарегистрированные как средства береговой охраны) для оказания оперативной поддержки береговой охране путем проведения патрулирования безопасности, оказания помощи в поисково-спасательных операциях, проверки средств навигации и выполнения других задач на суше. от имени Береговой охраны.

До 1997 года вспомогательные службы в основном ограничивались деятельностью по обеспечению безопасности прогулочного катания на лодках. Однако в 1997 году новое законодательство разрешило вспомогательным подразделениям участвовать во всех без исключения миссиях береговой охраны, за исключением прямых военных и правоохранительных органов. Вспомогательные сотрудники могут напрямую пополнять действующий персонал береговой охраны, выполняющий небоевые, не связанные с правоохранительными органами функции (например, дежурный по радиосвязи, переводчик, повар и т. д.) и могут помогать действующему персоналу в проверке коммерческих судов и обслуживании средств навигации. . Вспомогательные сотрудники могут поддерживать миссии береговой охраны по обеспечению правопорядка и внутренней безопасности, но не могут участвовать напрямую (производить аресты и т. д.), а вспомогательным членам не разрешается носить оружие во время службы в любом вспомогательном качестве.

Медали и награды

Основная статья: Награды и награды Береговой охраны США

Смотрите также: Награды и награды вооруженных сил США.

Береговая охрана Дуглас Альберт Манро награжден Почетной медалью — высшей военной наградой США. Пятьдесят пять военнослужащих береговой охраны были награждены Военно-морским крестом , а многие мужчины и женщины были награждены Крестом за выдающиеся летные заслуги .

Высшей наградой береговой охраны мирного времени является Медаль за выдающиеся заслуги в национальной безопасности ; До перевода береговой охраны в Министерство внутренней безопасности высшей наградой мирного времени была медаль Министерства транспорта за выдающиеся заслуги . Высшей наградой является Президентская награда .

В военное время члены береговой охраны имеют право на получение Почетной медали ВМФ. Почетная медаль береговой охраны разрешена, но еще не разработана и не выдана.

В мае 2006 года на церемонии смены командования, когда адмирал Тэд Аллен занял пост коменданта, президент Джордж Буш наградил всю береговую охрану, включая вспомогательное подразделение береговой охраны, грамотой президентского подразделения береговой охраны с ураганным устройством за ее усилия во время и после урагана Катрина и тропического шторма Рита .

Известные береговые охранники

Основная статья: Список сотрудников береговой охраны США

В береговой охране служили многие знаменитости, в том числе теннисист Джек Крамер , игрок в гольф Арнольд Палмер , бейсболист Матча звезд Сид Гордон , боксер Джек Демпси ; серфер и изобретатель Том Блейк ; музыканты Кай Виндинг , Руди Валле , Дерролл Адамс и Том Уэйтс ; актеры Бадди Эбсен , Сид Цезарь , Виктор Мэтьюр , Ричард Кромвель , Алан Хейл-младший , Уильям Хоппер , Бо Бриджес , Джефф Бриджес , Сезар Ромеро ; автор Алекс Хейли ; и сенатор Клэйборн Пелл .

Вице-адмирал Тэд Аллен в 2005 году был назначен главным федеральным офицером по надзору за усилиями по восстановлению в регионе Персидского залива после урагана Катрина . После повышения до адмирала, накануне выхода на пенсию с поста коменданта, Аллен снова получил известность в стране после того, как был назначен национальным командиром по ликвидации чрезвычайных ситуаций, курирующим усилия по реагированию на разлив нефти Deepwater Horizon .

Бывшие офицеры береговой охраны были назначены на многочисленные должности в гражданских правительственных учреждениях. После ухода в отставку с поста коменданта береговой охраны в 2002 году адмирал Джеймс Лой продолжил службу в должности заместителя министра внутренней безопасности США . После карьеры в береговой охране Карлтон Скиннер стал первым гражданским губернатором Гуама ; Дж. Уильям Миллер , 65-й министр финансов , и вице-адмирал в отставке Харви Э. Джонсон-младший служили заместителем администратора и главным операционным директором Федерального агентства по чрезвычайным ситуациям (FEMA) при президенте Джордже Буше . Контр-адмирал Стивен В. Рочон был назначен президентом Джорджем Бушем на должность директора исполнительной резиденции и главного помощника Белого дома , приступил к работе 12 марта 2007 года и продолжал исполнять обязанности в том же качестве при президенте Бараке Обаме .

Два летчика береговой охраны, командир Брюс Э. Мельник и капитан Дэниел К. Бербанк , служили НАСА астронавтами . резервом береговой охраны Командующий Андре Дуглас был выбран в 2021 году в состав 23-й группы астронавтов НАСА .

Связист первого класса Дуглас Альберт Манро был посмертно награжден Почетной медалью и является единственным береговой охраной, когда-либо удостоенным этой награды.

Организации

Ассоциация авиации береговой охраны

Те, кто пилотировал или летал на самолетах береговой охраны в соответствии с официальным приказом о полете, могут присоединиться к Ассоциации авиации береговой охраны , которая ранее была известна как «Древний Орден Птеродактиля» («Полеты, поскольку мир был плоским»). Премия «Древний Альбатрос» вручается действующему члену Береговой охраны США, получившему квалификацию летчика раньше, чем любой другой человек, который все еще служит. Вручаются отдельные рядовые и офицерские награды.

Ассоциация операторов CW береговой охраны

Ассоциация операторов CW береговой охраны (CGCWOA) — это членская организация, состоящая в основном из бывших членов береговой охраны США, имевших рядовой рейтинг радиста (RM) или специалиста по телекоммуникациям (TC) и использовавших международную азбуку Морзе (CW) в свои обычные обязанности по связи на катерах береговой охраны и на береговых станциях.

Ассоциация старшин USCG

Члены этой организации объединяются, чтобы помогать нуждающимся членам и их иждивенцам, помогать в вербовке береговой охраны, поддерживать цели и задачи Академии старшин береговой охраны, получать информацию по вопросам береговой охраны и собираться для социальных услуг; и включает в себя начальника, старшего начальника и старшего старшину, действующего, резервного и вышедшего в отставку. Членство также открыто для всех старших прапорщиков и офицеров, служивших старшинами.

Ассоциация главных прапорщиков и прапорщиков USCG (CWOA)

Береговая охрана США (CWOA), основанная в 1929 году, представляет прапорщиков и старших прапорщиков береговой охраны (действующих, запасных и вышедших в отставку) в Конгрессе, Белом доме и Министерстве внутренней безопасности. Кроме того, ассоциация общается с руководством береговой охраны по вопросам, волнующим старших прапорщиков береговой охраны.

В популярной культуре

Береговая охрана США имеет Управление кино и телевидения (MOPIC) в Голливуде, Калифорния , а также родственные ему службы в Министерстве обороны, занимающиеся повышением осведомленности общественности и понимания Береговой охраны, ее сотрудников и ее задач посредством сотрудничества. усилия с индустрией развлечений.

В фильме

• «Боевая береговая охрана» (1951) изображает береговую охрану, обученную помочь выиграть Вторую мировую войну.
• The Guardian (2006) описывает программу «Техник по выживанию в авиации» (AST).
• В фильме «Боль и усиление» (2013) с Дуэйном Джонсоном и Марком Уолбергом береговой охраны в главных ролях были показаны развертываемые специализированные силы в действии.
• «Лучшие часы» (2016), фильм, повествующий о спасении экипажа SS Pendleton рулевым Бернардом К. Уэббером и тремя другими членами экипажа моторной спасательной шлюпки береговой охраны CG 36500 .
• Deepwater Horizon (2016) описывает события 20 апреля 2010 года, когда на мобильной буровой платформе Deepwater Horizon произошел массовый взрыв , в результате которого погибли 11 членов экипажа. В фильме также показаны координация и действия береговой охраны сразу после взрыва.

На телевидении

Береговая охрана была показана в нескольких телесериалах , в том числе:

• Береговая охрана Аляски: поиск и спасение , сериал на канале The Weather Channel , в котором рассказывается о поисково-спасательном подразделении береговой охраны, базирующемся в Кадьяке, Аляска . Несколько серий были выделены из оригинала, чтобы сосредоточиться на подразделениях, базирующихся в Кейп-Разочаровании и Флориде .

См. также

Береговая охрана США

• АМВЕР
• Значки береговой охраны США
• Капеллан береговой охраны США
• День береговой охраны
• Разведка береговой охраны
• Свод федеральных правил, раздел 33
• Объединенный морской учебный центр
• Список катеров береговой охраны США
• Список станций береговой охраны США
• Академия морского правопорядка
• Модель анализа рисков морской безопасности
• МАРСЕК
• Национальный центр данных по буям
• Военно-морские ополчения в США
• Форум агентств береговой охраны северной части Тихого океана
• Патрульные силы Юго-Западной Азии
• SPARS
• Юридический отдел береговой охраны США
• Полиция береговой охраны США
• Центр исследований и разработок береговой охраны США
• Национальный ледовый центр США

Связанные агентства

• Список федеральных правоохранительных органов США
• Управление правоохранительных органов по рыболовству Национального управления океанических и атмосферных исследований
• Иммиграционная и таможенная служба США (ICE)
• Морская служба США
• Торговый флот США

Дальнейшее чтение

• Долбоу, Джим (2017). Руководство береговой охраны (11-е изд.). Издательство Военно-морского института, Аннаполис, Мэриленд. ISBN  978-1682471890 .
• Береговая охрана: наблюдения за достигнутым прогрессом и проблемами, с которыми пришлось столкнуться при разработке и реализации общей оперативной картины: показания перед подкомитетом по береговой охране и морскому транспорту, Комитетом по транспорту и инфраструктуре, Счетная палата правительства Палаты представителей

Внешние ссылки

• Официальный сайт
  • О береговой охране США
  • Журнал береговой охраны
  • Журнал слушаний USCG
  • Директивы и публикации береговой охраны
  • Флаги береговой охраны
  • Веб-сайт порта приписки USCG
• Тилли, Дж. А. «История женщин в береговой охране» . Офис историка береговой охраны США . Проверено 10 мая 2020 г. Женщины и береговая охрана США
• «Женщины в береговой охране США: моменты истории» . Офис историка береговой охраны США. 4 декабря 2019 года . Проверено 10 мая 2020 г.
• Береговая охрана в Федеральном реестре
• Отчеты о береговой охране, Генеральном инспекторе Министерства внутренней безопасности
• Совместная стратегия морской мощи 21 века [1]. Архивировано 30 апреля 2020 года в Wayback Machine.
• Видео береговой охраны США
• Военный поиск и социальная сеть для нынешних и бывших военнослужащих армии, ВВС, ВМФ, морской пехоты и береговой охраны.
• Вспомогательный веб-сайт береговой охраны США
• Канал береговой охраны. Архивировано 2 мая 2021 года на Wayback Machine.
• Новости береговой охраны
• Отчеты Исследовательской службы Конгресса (CRS) береговой охраны США. о результатах поиска CRS Архивировано 5 ноября 2021 года на Wayback Machine.
• Грег Траутвейн (17 марта 2014 г.). «USCG ... Прошлое, настоящее и будущее» . Интернет-журналы Maritime Reporter и Marine News . Проверено 26 февраля 2015 г.
• Сетевая группа береговой охраны США на LinkedIn
• «Наблюдение за водными путями Америки» . Управление береговой охраны США по соблюдению требований портов и объектов. 26 июня 2017 года . Проверено 10 мая 2020 г.
• Береговая охрана США у Wayback Machine (архивировано 29 января 1997 г.)